BEHAVIOR SAFETY

Why Behavior Base Safety ???

Why Behavior Based Safety

Behavior-Based Safety
Behavior-Based Safety is a process that helps employees identify and choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one. BBS Concept is for : I practice safety for myself I practice safety for you I practice safety for my family I practice safety for my company I practice safety for my Nation

MANAGEMENT TRAINING OBJECTIVES

WHY Behavior Based Safety WHAT is Behavior WHY Unsafe or At risk behavior & Understanding Behavior Safety Principles HOW BBS compliments existing safety management systems WHAT is behavior based safety process HOW does BBS process is implemented at our company level WHAT are your roles, responsibilities & accountabilities to make it successful

Management of Safety
Hazard/ Risk
Barriers or Controls

WORK

Undesirable outcome (Accident)

At Risk Behavior ( Causes ) provide the foundation of Accidents ( Effects ) - Actual Causes Accident Investigation - Potential Causes BBS Intervention

Why BBS

The Safety Triangle

Deaths* Lost Workday Cases

1 10 100
Research

Medical Attention Cases

First Aid Cases

1,000 Near Miss Cases 10,000 Unsafe Behaviours or Conditions

*Not enough data

100% Safe

The Road to World Class Safety Performance Behavior Based

Safety

70% Safe

Management System and Best Management Practices

50% Safe

Compliance
Time
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What is Behavior all about ?

The way we act The approach we have towards personal & workplace safety Tendency to forget things Reckless endangerment Not valuing, underestimating Seems to be high pride & over-confident Work stress & objection on Management decisions Not participative, Lack of team spirit Never talk Jealous at others success Affected by emotional commitments Lack of knowledge Loosing interest Enemy

FOUNDATION
Be-hav-i-our safety is a tool to assess an organization's projected safety performance based on current behaviors. The following is a look at the Bradley model with the purpose of assessing what the Safety culture is now and providing some tools in advancing personal energy to the next level.

SELECTED AT RISK BEHAVIORS Not wearing protective equipment

Failing to follow standard energy-controlled lock-out/tag-out procedures Lifting a heavy object without a hoist Standing on a machine instead of a ladder Using defective equipments/tools Using equipment/tools wrongly Unsafe Posture Violation of known Safety Operating Procedures Removing or making safety devices in operative Indulging in horse play, practical jokes, fighting, sleeping, creating distractions and so on. Operating equipment without or material Failure to secure equipment or material Operating are working at unsafe speed Body parts in danger zone Repairing, servicing or riding equipment in hazardous manner Engaging in unsafe practices ( Not violation ) Failure to worn / signal Ill fitting / Loose clothing Wearing Dark safety glass when not needed Improper Orderliness

BBS IS NOT A QUICK FIX

Who will take back what from this workshop ?

Individuals Individuals perceive same perceive same situation situation differently differently
And your And your perception perception becomes your becomes your reality reality
SAFETY HAS ALWAYS BEEN PERCEIVED DIFFERENTLY BY INDIVIDUALS

What is BBS
Behavioral safety is the application of Behavioral Psychology to support safe behavior Reduce at risk-behavior and thus prevent work place Injuries through employee involvement and coaching ( Behavior is everything a person does that is Observable and measurable )

HISTORY OF BBS
Herbert William Heinrich is an American industrial safety pioneer from the 1930s. He was an Assistant Superintendent of the Engineering and Inspection Division of Travelers Insurance Company when he published his book Industrial Accident Prevention, A Scientific Approach. Heinrich's work is the basis for the theory of Behavior-based safety, which holds that as many as 95 percent of all workplace accidents are caused by unsafe acts. Heinrich came to this conclusion after reviewing thousands of accident reports completed by supervisors, who generally blamed workers for causing accidents without conducting detailed investigations into the root causes. While Heinrich's figure that 88 percent of all workplace accidents and injuries/illnesses are caused by "man-failure" is perhaps his most oft-cited conclusion, his book actually encouraged employers to control hazards, not merely focus on worker behaviors. "No matter how strongly the statistical records emphasize personal faults or how imperatively the need for educational activity is shown, no safety procedure is complete or satisfactory that does not provide for the . . . correction or elimination of . . . physical hazards," Heinrich wrote in his book.

(Fatality)

Serious Injury

Minor Injury Near Misses

AT Risk Behavior

Accident Cost Iceberg

INSURED COST

UN-INSURED COST

History of BehaviorBased Safety

Evolved in Private Industry in 1980s Proven Results in Reducing Accidents Utilizes Behavioral Analysis Techniques Enhances Safety Culture

Why Change Begins From Behavior Only

CULTURE ( Values)

ATTITUDE (Intentions)

BEHAVIOR ( Action )

Are inside a persons head therefore they are not observable or measurable however Attitudes can be changed by changing behaviors
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WHAT BBS DOES

Promoting more frequent, respectful, and open communication between employees Employees are encouraged to use a behavioral checklist Designed by an employee-led steering team within the Organization Observe coworkers and then provide both rewarding (e.g. nice job) and correcting (e.g. be careful) feedback
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Safety Culture Development

Build consensus, buy-in , on every level of the organization Culture can change rapidly when leadership action changes - This involves modeling, credibility, concern .
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Basic Behavior Principles

Safety in the workplace is a combination of three measurable components : - the person, - their environment, and - their behavior, Only when these three elements are combined can workplace accidents be eliminated.

The person component consist of the employees: Physical capabilities Experience, and Training

Basic Behavior Principles

The work environment represents: Engineering Controls, Equipment, Job task, and The work culture

Basic Behavior Principles

The final, most often overlooked component is behaviorwhat the person does on the job. An Alert worker is safe even in unsafe condition An unalert worker is unsafe even in safe condition

PERSON BASE
PRACTICAL WAY TO IMPROVE SAFETY ? - Prompt : Appreciate safe Act - Prompt : Intense where we see unsafe act straight feedback

Objective of training program : "To correct unsafe behaviors at shop floor" Flow of activities freezed:

Provide training on process of implementation of Behavior Based Safety. To guideon how to do observations. To fix steering committee for monitoring the whole process. To speak with other employees about the process and objective of observation. Every trained employee needs to conduct two observations in a week. Carrying out observations at shop floor leveland giving feedback at shop floor. Record the same in checklist. Reobserve the same employee from change in unsafe behavior for particular observation. Give again feedback if unsafe behavior is not changed to desired one. Review by steering committee once in fortnight initially and then need based but not morea frequency of once in month. MKS & Site Head toreview progress of program with steering committeefor measuring improvement in behaviors by above at shop floor level. Take corrective action to see that process remains effective to yield desired results.

Name That Hazard

List 25 hazards, risks, dangers, or potential injuries in your workplaces. Examples
Fall from ladder Strain from heavy lifting Burn from weld metal

Team with most in 1 minute wins!

Behavioral Observation and Feedback Process

How Does Observation & Feedback Influence SafetyRelated Behaviors ?

An excellent tool for collecting data on the quality of companys safety management system A scientific way to understand why people behave the way they do when it comes to safety Properly applied, an effective next step towards creating a truly pro-active safety culture where loss prevention is a core value. Conceptually easy to understand but often hard to implement and sustain
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 A checklist guides the observer to focus on critical safety behavior Immediately afterwards, the observer provides feedback to the observee, nothing both safe and at risk behaviors. The observer and observee problem-solve on the spot The observation checklists are collected and compiled. The collective data is graphically portrayed The resulting information is periodically reviewed with all employees The information is analyzed to identify areas for follow-up action. Targeted areas are pursued using a problem-solving process.

How Does Observation & Feedback Influence SafetyRelated Behaviors ? Employees routinely observe one another while working

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Behavioral Observation and Feedback Process

This is one of the most important components of the process. I st : Go to work place II nd : Inform the person & observe him for 10 minutes III rd : Fill the checklist and provide direct, measurable information on employees safe & at risk work practices. IV th : The employee is then provided positive feedback on the safe behaviors and non-threatening feedback on the unsafe behaviors. They are also provided with suggestions on correcting the unsafe behaviors.

Formal Review of Observation Data

The data is then analyzed to determine the employees (or departments) improvement in safe behaviors. It can be looked at as an overall percentage. Example: If there were 20 items on the checklist and the worker performed 17 of them safely, then he would get a score of 85% safe.

Formal Review of Observation Data

The improvement between observations could be graphed and displayed for employees to view. When the graphs shows improvement, it provides positive reinforcing feedback to employees.

HAZARD EXPRESSIONS
SA Struck against SB Struck by CB Cut by CW Contact with CO Caught on C/B Caught in between FS Falls & slips FB Falls Below OE Over Exertion OE Over Extension Line of Fire Location where you can stand & get accident Pinch Points Way in body parts comes in two moving parts Eyes & Path Line & Sight Eye & object free from obstructions Safe Posture No unwanted twisted of body part Contact Stressors sharp surfaces can cause ZES Zero Energy State

Improvement Goals
Setting improvement goals increases the effectiveness of feedback and the success of the behavior-based safety process. These goals can take different forms, such as: 1. Percent safe goals 2. Process goals 3. Implementation goals

 Implementation tips It is important to provide the right training for the right people at the right time. There should be something expected from every person in the organization to contribute to the process. Don't give them all the same training, simply what they need to do their part well and understand what others are doing. Then give them the chance to apply it right away. Supervisors can make or break the process. If they coach poorly, more problems are created in the culture. If they don't coach at all, unsafe behavior continues. Include training on observation skills, coaching skills, conflict management, problem solving and leading teams for supervisors. In addition to being ready, there is the art of executing it well. The safety manager must make an accurate judgment of the readiness of a company before implementation. First work on making the culture right for success. Sometimes this can take years but it's worth the wait. Finally, not all behavior change processes are equal. Shop the +market because some programs are more compatible within a participative organizational climate, others work best in companies where trust is a problem. Be sure to shop for one that can be customized to your company.

Results
Increased efficiency Increased productivity Increased morale Increase profitability

CONVENTIONAL PRESENT SYSTEM : Inspection ----------- Instructions

NEW SYSTEM : Observation --------- Feedback

YES

NO

Feedback

Completely review all items with the person. Make sure they dont say anything. Make sure they dont see the checklist. Emphasis on the concerns.

Typical BBS process

Step I : Define critical behavior to improve Step II : Observe target behavior using checklist Step III : Provide feed back session to change the target behavior Step IV : Collect communicate & Analyze Step V : Review & Correct comments Step VI : Celebrate success

For Success-You are the key

Thank you

Interdependent Stage ..need of the hour

Beginning

Injury Rates

Improving Succeeding

Leading
Reactive Dependent Independent

Zero

INTERDEPENDENT
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WHAT MAKES YOUR LIFE 100% ?

Let each letter of the alphabetic has a value equals to it sequence of the alphabetical order:
A B C D E F G H I J K LMN O P Q R S T U VWX Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 S K I L L S = 82 19 11 9 12 12 19 K N OWL E D G E = 96 11 14 15 23 12 5 4 7 5

What is More Than 100% affecting Safety!!!

Hard Work H+A+R+D+W+O+R+K 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11 = 98% Culture

C+U+L+T+U+R+E 3+21+12+20+21+18+5 = 100%

ATTITUDE
A+T+T+I+T+U+D+E 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5 = 100% It is OUR ATTITUDE towards Safety that makes a workplace safe ! !

CIRCUMSTANCE
C+I+R+C+U+M+S+T+A+N+C+E 3+9+18+3+21+13+19+20+1 +14+3+5 = 115% It is Circumstance that makes our Act Unsafe ! !

CONSEQUENCE
C+O+N+S+E+Q+U+E+N+C+E
31+41++72++435 +51+951+151++

It is understanding of consequence which can change our ACT from Unsafe to Safe !!!

= 121%