INFORMATION SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN THE ROLE OF SYSTEM ANALYST

S. A. AHSAN RAJON
Ahsan.rajon@gmail.com http://sites.google.com/site/ahsanrajon +88-01911510286

S. A. AHSAN RAJON

I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

Acknowledgements

Contents of these slides are mostly adapted from

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Elias M. Awad, Systems Analysis and Design, Second Edition Jeffery A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich, Prabin K. Panigrahi, Modern System Analysis and Design, Fourth Edition.

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S. A. AHSAN RAJON

I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

System Analyst

Random House Dictionary

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a person who conducts a methodical study and evaluation of an activity such as business to identify its desired objectives in order to determine procedures by which the objectives can be gained. The task of the system analyst is to elicit needs and resource constraints and to translate these into viable operations.

Nicholas
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Four key steps of Scientific Management

Develop ideal method, establish standard, pay incentive to worker for exceeding the standard. Select right person for right place in right time Train the people and incorporate scientific methods with well trained people. Establish cooperation between manager and worker.

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I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

Skills of System Analyst to Do System Analysis

Interpersonal skills Technical skills

S. A. AHSAN RAJON

I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

Interpersonal Skills

Communication
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It is people talking, listening, feeling and reacting to one another, their experience and reactions Having a grasp of company activities Identifying problems Figuring solutions Educating people in using computer system Giving support when needed Selling ideas Promoting innovations in problem solving

Understanding
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Sk i l l s

Teaching
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Selling
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Technical Skills

Creativity
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Help users model ideas into concrete plans Develop candidate systems Analyze and solve problems Scheduling, performing well under time constraints, coordinating team efforts, managing cost and expenditure Blending technical and non-technical specifications in general design Knowing what, when, why, where, who, and how a system works Basic computer system and business knowledge

Problem solving
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Sk i l l s

Project Management
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Dynamic Interface
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Questioning Attitude
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Knowledge of the besics

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Interplay between Interpersonal & Technical Skills

Sk i l l s

High

KIL ICAL S TECHN

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Interpersonal Skill
Low

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ANALYSIS
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DESIGN

IMPLEMENTATION

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Qualifications of System Analyst

Academic Qualifications
Background in System Theory and organization behaviour v Familiarity with application areas v Competence in system tools and methodologies and practical knowledge on one or more programming and database languages v Experience in hardware and software
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Personal Qualifications
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S. A. AHSAN RAJON

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Personal Qualifications of System Analyst

Authority
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Confidence to tell people what to do Ability to articulate and focus on a problem area. Developing candidate systems using unique tools or methods Making decisions on ones own and accepting the consequences of the decisions Doing different projects and handling changes

Communication
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Creativity
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Responsibility
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Varies Skills
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Multifaceted Role of System Analyst

Change Agent Investigator and Monitor Architect Psychologist Salesperson Motivator Politician Conflict Resolver

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Structure of System Analysis

Project Oriented Structure Pool Oriented Structure Function Oriented Structure

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Project Oriented Structure of System Analysis

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Project Oriented Structure of System Analysis

In a project oriented arrangement, a team of analyst is formed to work on one project. Generally a team has a project leader who reports directly to the systems manager. Typical of smaller installations that handle limited projects.

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Pool Oriented Structure of System Analysis

r Manager Systems Analysis and Design Manager Personnel Dept. Manager Payroll Department u c t u r e

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Pools of Analysis

System Design Team

Systems Design Team

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n Analyst on Loan

p Senior Analyst q Analyst on Loan

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Pool Oriented Structure of System Analysis

In Pool oriented System arrangements, analysts work on any system assignment within the firm. Once the job is completed, they return to the pool for another arrangement.

May be thought of on loan arrangement.

This arrangement gives the department some control over its own application.
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The outcome is greater user participation and support in system development.

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Functional Structure of System Analysis

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Functional Structure of System Analysis

The functional structure of system analysis assigns a group of analysts to serve a specific system. For example, there may be a personnel system team, a production system team and a marketing systems team.

Each term has a manager who reports directly to the director of System Development.

This system is suitable for a large computer/ information facility.

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Structure of Programming
Pool oriented Structure of Programming Team oriented Structure of Programming

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The pool approach clusters programmer into a pool that reports to a supervisor.

Each programmer is assigned a program to prepare through all stages.

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TEAM Oriented Structure of Programming

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In the team approach, each programmer is assigned St to a team that has responsibility for a specific r u project.

Normally programmers report to a lead programmers (Team Leader), who reports to a Project Leader.

The Project Leader is usually a section head who supervises a number of teams in the section and reports to the manager of the programming area.

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TEAM Oriented Structure of Programming

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Paraprofessionals
The tasks that make up the system development process is changing. With an increase in the use of structured tools, there are emerging tasks that are less technical or creative than the traditional ones. Rather than the analyst ignoring them, or trying up valuable time, they are carried out by less experienced paraprofessionals.

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Type of Tasks done by Paraprofessionals

Which types of tasks are normally bypasses by the analysts/professionals and referred to the paraprofessionals?
Tasks which are not significantly complex, or does not require high level ability, education, skill or experience. v Task is repeatitive, and there is relatively well defined process for performing it. v General support tasks require limited time for instruction relative to the time it takes to perform them.
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I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

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Tasks of Paraprofessionals

General Support Tasks

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Maintain current documentation on a daily basis. Maintain a technical literature and information retrieval. Assisting in constructing and maintaining a program development library. Draft Data Flow Diagrams and Structure Charts based on specifications from System Development Personnel. Maintain Data Dictionaries. Code Programs Prepare and Maintain test data files, check test results and modify programs on predetermined procedures. Prepare user manuals and other documentations. Prepare supportive training materials when needed.

Specific System Development Tasks

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Thank you all !!!

S. A. AHSAN RAJON

I N F O R M AT I O N S Y S T E M A N A LY S I S A N D D E S I G N

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