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What is urbanisation?
The world is becoming mostly urban.
% World MEDC LEDC 1950 1990 2001 2025
30 53 17
45 74 34
48 76 41
58 83 56
Study the table. Which parts of the world are experiencing the most rapid growth in their populations?
Describe the distribution of megacities in 2000. How does this compare to 2015?
Urbanisation is taking place at a rapid pace in LEDC cities. This is as a result of a process called rural-urban migration.
Imagine you are a migrant in Brazil. Put the following statements in the appropriate circle on the Venn diagram.
1. I have come from here. 2. I will be able to get better medical treatment. 3. I am most likely to end up living here. 4. Other people like me are likely to be living here. 5. I am least likely to get a job here. 6. I am most likely to work the longest hours here. 7. I am likely to be happy here. 8. My family are likely to be here. 9. The living conditions are going to be the best. 10. I am most likely to get a job here. 11. I am most likely to be able to go to school here. 12. I hope to end up living here.
A
C
Sort the problems caused by urban growth and development of shanty towns into social, environmental & economic. Shanty towns are built on poor quality or unsafe land so are prone to flooding/landslides/fires Poverty Water pollution rivers/seas used as dustbins Increase in crime Health Problems EG Asthma & Bronchitis caused by pollution Sewage on streets leads to water borne disease such as cholera/diarrhoea More street children Break up of families
Traffic Congestion as cars/buses/rickshaws/a nimals all share same roads Unemployment as there are few jobs in formal sector. Rural migrants cant find jobs because they are often illiterate or non-skilled so the informal sector grows.
Poor quality building materials and a lack of basic amenities eg running water/toilets in shanty towns
Up to 50% of the population live in Shanty towns Wages are low paid and workers are exploited.
Overcrowding
Underground water supplies being lost. As shanty towns are built agricultural land/woodland is destroyed.
Shanty Towns
One problem in LEDC cities is the growth of Shanty Towns. A shanty town is a spontaneous settlement that is often built illegally on unused land along roadsides or on the edge of a city. In Brazil they are called FAVELAS
The government puts in basic services such as clean water and sewerage and provides building materials, such as breezeblocks. The families then get together and help build the homes (Some being trained as plumbers, some electricians and so on.) This means that the buildings are relatively cheep, hygienic and creates good community spirit.
MEDC
Exam Question Compare the model of landuse in an LEDC and MEDC city.
In cities in both MEDCs and LEDCs there is a CBD usually near the centre of the city. The poorer part of the MEDC city is the inner city and the zone of transition, which are close to the CBD. In an LEDC city the poorest people live in shanty towns (favelas). Many of these are on the outskirts of the city but others are found near transport routes or where there are unfavourable physical sites such as steep slopes.