OMF810002 GSM Handover Algorithm ISSUE2.0

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Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
GSM Handover
Algorithm
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Foreword
Handover is a key technology of mobile communication system and
make continued conversation possible.
Handover algorithm in Huawei product is flexible and powerful.
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Outline the types of handover
Master handover judgment flow
Understand algorithm of different handovers
Explain HO data configuration
Contents
1. Introduction of Handover
2. HO AIgorithm Process
Contents
1. Introduction of Handover
2. HO Algorithm Process
Purposes of HO
To keep a continuous communication with a moving MS
To improve network service performance
To reduce the call drop rate
To reduce the congestion rate
Classification by Reason
No DL MR Emergency HO
Timing Advance (TA) HO
InterIerence HO
RxLevelDrop HO
Bad Quality (BQ) HO
Emergency HO
Enhanced Dual Band HO
Load HO
Normal HO
1
2
3
4
ClassiIication
by
Reason
EDGE HO
PBGT HO
Layer HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Classification by Synchronization
ase 1
Synchronous Handover: the target BTS shaII not send PHY INFO message
ase 2
Asynchronous Handover: the target BTS shaII send PHY INFO message
ase 3 ase 4
ase 5
MS
BS
BTS
BS BS
MS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
NSS Network
Classification by Equipment and
Channel
SDH TH SDH TH
(Direct Retry) (Direct Retry)
SDH SDH SDH SDH
Intra Intra - - eII HO eII HO # ## #
Inter Inter - - eII HO eII HO
Intra Intra - - BS HO BS HO
Intra Intra - - MS HO MS HO
Inter Inter - - MS HO MS HO
TH TH TH TH
Contents
1. ntroduction of Handover
2. HO AIgorithm Process
Contents
2. HO Algorithm Process
2.1 General HO Process
2.2 Measure and Measurement Result Report
2.3 Measurement Report Preprocessing
2.4 Handover Judgment
2.5 Handover mplementation
General HO Process
MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into Dedicated Mode
Measure and Measurement ResuIt Report 1
Measurement Report Preprocessing 2
Handover Judgment 3
Handover ImpIementation 4
General HO Process
Handover Judgment 3
The downlink measurement report
of the neighbor cell (BCCH)
Measurement Report
Uplink MR includes uplink receiving level and quality.
Downlink MR includes downlink receiving level, downlink
receiving quality of the serving cell and other downlink receiving
levels from the neighbor cells.
Serving cell
Neighbor cell
The uplink MR
The downlink MR
Measurement Report
Period of Measurement Report
The downlink MR is sent to BTS in SACCH uplink
The interval is 480ms/per time when MS is on TCH
The interval is 470ms/per time when MS is on SDCCH
12TH 12TH 1SAH
1 IdIe
480ms
4 TH MuIti-
frames
General HO Process
Measurement Report Preprocessing
Handover Judgment
3
2
MR Preprocessing
MR Preprocessing
nterpolation
Recover the lost
measurement report
Filtering
Smooth the instantaneous
fading point
MR nterpolation
MR
MR
No. n
No. n+4
MR
MR
MR
Missing by
some reasons
MR Filtering
MR
MR
MR
MR
MR
FiIter----Average severaI
consecutive MRs
MR
Data Configuration of MR
Preprocessing
Preprocessing
Preprocessing
Preprocessing
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
Measure and Measurement
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
Handover ImpIementation
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
Penalty Processing
Intra-ceII
HO
HO FaiIs
mergency
(TA&BQ)HO
MS Fast
Moving
HO
oncentric
eII HO
Penalty
Punish on
the target
cell
Punish on the
original cell
Punish on other
high priority layer
cells
AMR HO
FaiIs
Penalty for Handover Failure
Punish the target cell when a HO fails.
This is to avoid the MS to select this cell again in next HO judgment.
Cell A
BTS
HO FaiI
BSC
Cell B
BTS
Data Configuration of Penalty for
Handover Failure
Handover Failure
Cell A
Cell B
BTS
BQ&TA HO
BSC
Penalty for Emergency Handover
Punish the original cell when an emergency HO ( due to BQ and
TA) occurs.
Emergency Handover
Emergency Handover
Back? No way! Back? No way!
UmbreIIa
Micro ceII
Penalty for MS Fast-moving Handover
Giving penalty on the other three layers(Non-umbrella Layer ) after MS
handovers to Umbrella cell by fast-moving-HO.
This is to keep MS staying in the umbrella cell and avoid frequent HO.
Data Configuration of Penalty for MS
Fast-moving Handover
UnderIaid
OverIaid
Do not attempt
again during
penaIty time
after one faiIed
HO(O->U)!
Penalty for Concentric Cell
A new concentric cell HO is prohibited within a penalty time after a
concentric cell HO failure.
Do not
attempt again
after N faiIed
HO(U->O)!
Concentric Cell
UnderIaid
OverIaid
Do not
attempt back
too fast!
Penalty for Enhanced Concentric Cell
A new UO HO is prohibited within a penalty time after a
OU HO is performed successfully.
Enhanced Concentric Cell
Penalty for ntra-cell HO
A new intra-cell HO is prohibited if it occurs too frequently.
3 7 12 32 T (s) 0
Penalty time
ntra-cell
HO Time
2nd.
3rd.
4th.
Max. consecutive HO times: 3
Forbidden time after Max. times: 20s
nterval for consecutive HO Jud: 6s
1st.
ntra-cell HO
Data Configuration of Penalty for AMR
FRHR Handover Failure
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
Ranking Processing
M rule
K rule
Basic ranking
16 bits ranking
Network feature adjustment
The ranking result: target cell selection of handover
M Rule
Begin
Finish to aII
neighbor ceIIs?
An BS externaI neighboring
ceII& the current channeI is
SDH ?
No
Yes
Direct retry?
[Inter-BS SDH HO
AIIowed] is Yes?
DeIete the ceII from
the ceII Iist?
If the ceII fIow is overIoad ?
Yes No
Yes
No
RX_'_D(n) < [Min D Power
on HO andidate eII](n)+
[Min Access eveI Offset](s)?
RX_'_U(n) < [Min UP Power on HO
andidate eII](s)+
[Min Access eveI Offset](s)?
DeIete this ceII from
the ceII Iist
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
nd
For service ceII:
Min Access eveI Offset=0
M ruIe wiII remove the neighbor
ceIIs from the candidate ceII Iist
according to the fIow.
Yes
Yes
Data Configuration of M Rule
Data Configuration of M Rule
K Rule
Flow of calculating K value.
Begin
Finish to caIcuIate
vaIue K to aII ceIIs?
Serving ceII?
K=0
No
K = RX_' (n) - RX_' (s)
Yes
nd
No
Yes
AII the candidate ceIIs are ranked in descending order according to the K vaIue
A
F
E
D
B
C
Serving
Cell
Receiving
Level
Cell
Serving Cell
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
Cell D
Cell E
Cell F
Network Feature Adjustment
After network feature adjustment, all the candidate cells have their
own 16 bits value.
The smaller the value is, the higher the handover priority and
position of the cell are in the candidate cell list, then it is possible to
be the candidate cell.
The 1
st
~3
rd
bits
The bit value indicates the priority of downlink receiving level
according to the cell signal level and the penalty process taking place
beforehand.
The values come from max. 6 candidate cells and 1 serving cell
according to the level ranges from 000~110. The value for the cell
with the strongest signal level is 000.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The 4
th
bit: nter-cell HO hysteresis bit.
Note: n PBGT HO, whichever the greater of the inter-cell ( of the
same layer ) hysteresis and PBGT threshold, that value will be used
in the PBGT HO.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Is serving ceII?
AIways set to 0
No
RX_'_D (n) >=
RX_'_D (s) +
[Inter-ceII HO hysteresis]
Yes
Set to 0
Yes
Set to1
No
Data Configuration of nter-cell HO Hysteresis
The 5
th
~10
th
bits
The bit value is decided according to their position in Huawei
hierarchical network structure.
Huawei cell layers can be divided into 4 layers and each layer can be
further divided into 16 different priorities.
So there are 64 different priorities in Huawei hierarchical cell structure.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Hierarchical Cell Structure
GSM900 Cell
Micro Cell
Umbrella Cell GSM 900
GSM1800 GSM1800 GSM1800
GSM 900
GSM900 GSM900
GSM1800 GSM1800
GSM1800 Cell
GSM 900
GSM900 GSM900
GSM1800 GSM1800
Layer 4
low
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
high
Data Configuration of Cell Hierarchical
Network Structure
The 11
th
bit: The bit value is decided by cell-load-sharing criterion.
This bit is affected by 14
th
bit.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
System load>=[System Flux Threshold for Load HO] or
[Load HO Allowed ] =No ?
Yes
11
th
bit is
turned off
s serving cell?
set to 0
No Yes
eII Ioad >= [oad
HO ThreshoId](s)?
set to 1 set to 1
ceII Ioad >=[ oad Rep.
on andidate eII](n)?
set to 0
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Data Configuration of Cell-load-sharing
Data Configuration of Cell-load-sharing
12
th
bit and 13
th
bit: Whether share the same BSC or MSC.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
s serving cell?
No Yes
Both 12
th
and 13
th
set to 0
Different BSC:
12
th
set to 1
13
th
set to 0
s [Co-BSC/MSC Adj]
yes?
See 14
th
bit
Yes
No
Co-BSC?
Co-MSC?
No
Yes
Different MSC:
12
th
set to 0
13
th
set to 1
No
Yes
Turn off
12
th
&13
th
bit
The same BSC:
12
th
set to 0
13
th
set to 0
Data Configuration of Co-BSC&MSC
The 14
th
bit: Layer HO threshold adjustment bit.
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The 15
th
/16
th
bits are reserved
s serving cell?
set to 0
No Yes
Bit 14
th
set to 1, and bit
5
th
~13
th
are turned off
set to 0
Yes Yes
RX_LEV_DL >= [nter-layer HO
Threshold] [nter-layer HO Hysteresis]?
RX_LEV_DL >= [nter-layer HO
Threshold] + [nter-layer HO Hysteresis]?
No
No
Data Configuration of Layer HO
Threshold Adjustment
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
No DL MR HO
Serving eII Neighboring eII
When the quality of Um interface become worse and worse, it is
for the worse uplink quality that MS can not deliver downlink MR,
while the downlink quality is not bad enough for MS to receive the
downlink message normally.
Bad
upIink
quaIity
Position of No DL MR HO
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
No DL MR HO
No DL MR HO
Begin
Report 1 D MR at Iease?
Is [No DI Mr. HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
<=[ons.No DI Mr.
Ho AIIowed imit]?
Is serving ceII?
SeIect the candidate ceII
with the highest priority,
exIuding serving ceII
Trigger
No D Mr. HO
Yes
No
nd
No
No
Yes
Yes
>= signaI quaIity
fiIter Iength?
Yes
signaI quaIity fiIter Iength:
For TH:[FiIter ength for TH QuaI]
For SDH:[FiIter ength for SDH QuaI]
No DI Mr. in
current Mr.?
Yes
U_Qua. (after fiIering)
>=[No DI Mr.UI QuaI
HO imit]?
Yes
OnIy one
cadidate ceII?
>=[Forbidden time
after MAX Times]?
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
[IntreceII HOAIIowed]?
Yes
No
Data Configuration of No DL MR HO
TA(Time Advance) HO
Serving eII
Neighboring eII
TA ThreshoId(s)
Time
TA(s)
Handover
Triggering
TA ThreshoId(n)
or
Handover Triggering Zone
TA(n)
TA(Time Advance) HO
Trigger
TA handover
Begin
The actuaI TA >=
[TA ThreshoId]?
Is [TA HO AIIowed]
Yes ?
Any neighbour ceII
exist?
Is serving ceII?
SeIect the ceII with the
highest priority in the
cadidate ceII Iist
TA(n is in the same BTS)
<=[TA ThreshoId](s)?
SuitabIe ceII
exist?
Yes
No
nd
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Data Configuration of TA HO
nterference Handover
ev_Thr
Rx_QuaI
RX_ev
QuaI_Thr
Interference
Origin
Serving eII Neighboring eII
Handover Triggering
Zone
nterference HO
Begin
U or D receiving
QuaIity(s)>=A?
Is [Interference HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
Any neighbour ceII
exist?
Is serving ceII?
cadidate ceII Iist
Rx_eveI(n)>=
[Inter-Iayer HO ThreshoId](n) +
[Inter-Iayer HO Hysteresis](n)?
Yes
No
nd
No
No
Yes
No
No Yes
None AMR FR:
A = RXQUAn, 1<=n<=12
AMR FR:
A = RXQUA1, n=1;
A = RXQUAn + RX'off, 2<=n<=12
[IntraceII HO AIIowed] 08
& ceII 349 punished?
Any suitabIe ceII
exist?
Trigger
interference handover
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Data Configuration of nterference HO
Parameter
Receiving eveI(-110dBm) Receiving QuaIity
RXQUAL1 <=30 70
RXQUAL2 =31 60
RXQUAL3 32~35 59
RXQUAL4 36~38 58
RXQUAL5 39~41 57
RXQUAL6 42~45 40
RXQUAL7 46~48 55
RXQUAL8 49~52 54
RXQUAL9 53~55 53
RXQUAL10 56~58 52
RXQUAL11 59~62 51
RXQUAL12 >=63 50
DefauIt 'aIue
Data Configuration of nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Begin
Satisfy the FormuIa&
The Iastest RX_'_U(s) <
[dge HO U RX_' ThreshoId]?
[Rx_eveI_Drop HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
Any neighbour ceII
exist?
Is serving ceII?
cadidate ceII Iist
Yes
No
nd
No
No
Yes
No Yes
FormuIa:
Priority is higher than
serving ceII?
Trigger
Rx_eveI_Drop handover
Yes
Yes

8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5
4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1
10 10 10 10
10 10 10 10
nd
No
Data Configuration of Rx_Level_Drop HO
BQ(Bad Quality) HO
Begin
Is [BQ HO AIIowed]
Yes ?
Any neighbour ceII
exist?
Is serving ceII?
cadidate ceII Iist
Yes
No
nd
No
No
Yes
No Yes
Yes
U_Rx_Q(s)>=[U QuaI.
ThreshoId] or D_Rx_Q(s)
>=[D QuaI. ThreshoId]?
RX_'_D (n) >
RX_'_D (s)
+ Inter-ceII HO hysteresis(s)
-BQ HO Margin(s) ?
[IntraceII HO AIIowed] 08
& ceII 349 punished?
SuitabIe ceII
exist?
Trigger
BQ handover
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No No
Data Configuration of BQ HO
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
Enhanced dual band cell is two different band cells which locate a
common site, and have the same azimuth.
Purpose
During the procedure of channel assignment and handover,
900M cell and 1800M cell can share their resource.
Assign the channel with low load in UL to MS preferentially.
Make MS handover from the high load cell to the low load cell.
Channel Assignment of Enhanced Dual Band HO
RX_'_O>= [Incoming O SubceII HO IeveI ThreshoId(dB)] and
RX_'_U - RX_' (n) >[Distance Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
Attention:
RX_' (n): RX_' of the strongest neighboring ceII which has the same frequency band and Iayer
with underIaid subceII, but Iocates in a different BTS. If there is no such a ceII, this vaIue is -110dBm
If [ATBHoSwitch] is [Iose], the second condition is turn off.
A:
Begin
from U
[Assignment Optimization
of U SubceII AIIowed
or not] ?
eII Ioad of U >
[U SubceII GeneraI
OverIoad ThreshoId(%)]?
Yes
A
Yes
No
Any idIe TH
AvaiIabIe in O?
Assign TH
in O
Yes
No
Yes
Assign TH in U
or direct retry identification
or queuing
No
No
TCH assignment (SDCCH channel in UL)
Data Configuration of Channel
Assignment
Assignment
Begin
from O
[Assignment Optimization
of O SubceII AIIowed or
not ] No ?
eII Ioad of U<
[U SubceII ower
oad ThreshoId]?
Yes
Yes
No
Assign TH
in U
Any idIe TH
AvaiIabIe in U?
Assign TH
in U
Any idIe TH
AvaiIabIe in O?
Assign TH
in O
Yes No
Yes
Assign TH in O
or direct retry identification
or queuing
No
No
TCH assignment (SDCCH channel in OL)
Channel Assignment of Enhanced Dual Band HO
Assignment
Classification of TCH HO in enhanced dual band HO
O to U
for Iow Ioad in U
U to O
for high Ioad in U
O to U for moving
Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from UL to OL for high load in UL
Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from UL to OL for high load in UL
eII Ioad of U>=[U SubceII
Serious OverIoad ThreshoId(%)]?
Begin
[oad HO From U SubceII
to O SubceII AIIowed] Yes ?
eII Ioad of U>=[U SubceII
GeneraI OverIoad ThreshoId(%)]?
No
A & Satisfy P/N &
not within penaIty time?
Trigger
U to O
Yes No
Adjust HO zone basing
on HO step and HO period
Refresh ceII Ioad
per second
B B-
Yes
B=[U SubceII oad HierarchicaI HO Period(s)]
=[Modified Step ength of U oad HO Period(s)]
Any MS in HO zone?
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
HO step: [Step ength of U SubceII oad HO(dB)]
HO zone: [Incoming O SubceII HO IeveI ThreshoId(dB)]~-47dBm
HO Period: [U SubceII oad HierarchicaI HO Period(s)]
RX_'_O >= [Incoming O SubceII HO IeveI ThreshoId(dB)] and
RX_'_U - RX_' (n) > [Distance Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
A:
No
nd
Data Configuration of Enhanced Dual
Band HO(UO )
Band HO(UO )
Enhanced Dual Band HO(OU )
Triggering condition for TCH HO from OL to UL for moving
RX_'_O <[Outgoing O SubceII HO IeveI ThreshoId(dB)] or
RX_'_U - RX_' (n) < [Distance Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)] -
[Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
A:
Satisfy P/N?
Begin
A
Yes
nd
Trigger
O to U
Yes
SeIect Neighbor ceII
with the highest priority
No
Yes
GeneraIIy, Object ceII maybe U
or other neighbor ceII is
No
Band HO(OU )
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from OL to UL for low load in UL
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from OL to UL for low load in UL
Begin
[oad HO of O SubceII
to U SubceII nabIe] Yes ?
eII Ioad of U <[U SubceII
ower oad ThreshoId(%)]?
Yes
No
nd
Satisfy P/N?
HO zone: [Outgoing O SubceII HO eveI ThreshoId(dB)] ~ -47dBm
HO step: [Step ength of O SubceII oad HO(dB)]
A: RX_'_U >= Inter-Iayer HO ThreshoId + Inter-Iayer HO Hysteresis
Yes
No
onfirm:
HO zone and HO step
Refresh ceII Ioad
per second
The object ceII must be
the underIaid subceII
and satisfy condition A
Any MS in HO zone?
Yes
Trigger O to U
No
Yes
No
Band HO(OU )
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
Load HO
Handover triggering zone
oad HO ThreshoId
Time
oad of Serving eII
oad Req. on andidate eII
oad of Neighboring eII
ongested eII
ongested eII
ongested eII
NormaI eII
NormaI eII
NormaI eII
NormaI eII
Cell A Cell B
Normal HO border
CONF_HO_RXLEV
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Ramp
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Offset
Load HO zone
Load HO
As load HO may trigger several HOs, we need to consider the
CPU load (system flow level) before triggering it. n addition, load
HO is executed step by step, that is, the edge HO thrsh. raises
according to certain step and period and will stop when out of the
Load HO Zone.
Load HO bandwidth
Edge HO threshold
Load HO step level
Load HO
ongested eII
NormaI eII
NormaI eII
NormaI eII
Load HO
Begin
Is [oad HO AIIowed]
Yes ?
BS internaI ceII?
SeIect the ceII with the highest
priority in the cadidate ceII Iist
nd
No
No
Yes
No Yes
Yes
urrent system fIux<=
[System FIux ThreshoId
for oad HO]?
& D
SuitabIe ceII
exist?
Trigger
Ioad handover
Yes
Yes
Yes
nd
No
oad of service ceII >=
[oad HO ThreshoId]?
Yes
No
Yes
oad HO timer
T overfIow?
Yes
acuIate
$905
!074/
%
L ) 1 (
acuIate A=
[oad HO Bandwidth]
B
Yes
Is serving ceII?
No
No
B: [dge HO_D_RX_' Threshod]<D_RX_ev(s)
< [dge HO_D_RX_' Threshod]+A
: RX_' (n)>= [Inter-Iayer HO ThreshoId] +
[Inter-Iayer HO Hysteresis]
D: Ioad(n)< oad Req. on andidate eII
Step: [oad HO Step eveI]
Period: [oad HO Step Period]
No
A=
No
Yes
oad HO timer
T begin?
No
No
Star timer T
!074/
$905
% $905 L A A A A ) 1
Bandwidth| HO |Load
( 0 Bandwidth| HO |Load %
Yes
Data Configuration of Load HO
General HO Process
MS Goes into New
Dedicated Mode
MS Goes into
Dedicated Mode
ResuIt Report
1
MR. Preprocessing
2
Handover Judgment
3
4
TA HO
nterference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Bad Quality HO
Load HO
Edge HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
AMR HO
No DL MR HO
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO
Direct Retry
Emergency HO
Normal HO
Edge Handover
Handover
Triggering
P/N
Serving eII
Neighboring eII
P: Wa9. Tim0
N: Valid Tim0
RX_' Thr
Time
RX_ev
Edge HO
Begin
Is [Fringe HO AIIowed]
Yes ?
nd
No
Yes
Yes
U_Rx_ev(s) < [dge HO
U RX_' Threshod]?
Yes
Any neighbor ceII?
No
Refresh
its timer
Yes
Satisfy P/N ruIe(s)?
D_Rx_ev(s) < [dge HO
D RX_' Threshod]?
No
Refresh
its timer
Yes
Satisfy P/N ruIe(s)?
No
SeIect ceII(n) whose 16 bit vaIue is
higher than serving ceII and
whose IeveI satifys P/N ruIe(n)
basing on A
Trigger
dge handover
No
No
Yes
A: D_Rx_ev(n)>
D_Rx_ev(s)+[Inter-ceII HO Hysteresis]
Data Configuration of Edge HO
Should be lower than the|Outgoing OL
Subcell HO Level Threshold(dB)| in
enhance dual band data table
|Edge HO UL/DL RX-LEV
Threshold||UL/DL RXLEV Lower
Threshold| in HWII/III power control tabel
MS Fast-Moving Handover
Handover
Triggering
Time
ThreshoId
UmbreIIa eII
Time
P/N
P: Watch eIIs
N: 'aIid eIIs
1 1 2 3
Micro eII
eIIs Number
MS Fast-Moving Handover
Begin
Is [MS Fast Moving HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
nd
No
Yes
Yes
Is the target ceII
the serving ceII?
Is the serving
ceII on Iayer 4?
Is the best neighbor
ceII is the Iast
originaI ceII?
Satisfy P / N ruIe?
No
SeIect the neighbor ceII with the highest priority &
on the 4th Iayer & satisfy RX_'(n)>= Inter-Iayer
HO threshoId(n) + Inter-Iayer HO hysterisis(n)
Any ceII satisfy the
condition above?
Trigger MS fast-
moving handover
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Refresh timer(s)
No
No
Yes
Data Configuration of MS Fast-moving
Handover
Layer HO
Neighboring eII Serving eII
GSM900 eII
ay 3
GSM1800 eII
ay 2
Begin
Is [eveI HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
nd
No
Yes
Yes
Any neighbor ceII exit?
16 bit vaIu(n)<
16 bit vaIue(s)I?
A & ( Iayer(n)< Iayer(s)
or IeveI(n)<IeveI(s) )?
Satisfy P/N ruIe(n)?
No
Trigger
Iayer handover
Yes
No
Yes
No
A: RX_'(n)>= Inter-Iayer HO threshoId(n)
+ Inter-Iayer HO hysterisis(n)
Yes
Identify the next ceII
No
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Serving eII
Neighboring eII
PBGT HO
ThreshoId
Time
Path oss (dB)
126dB 119dB
5
-7dB~5dB
Handover
Triggering
P/N
P: Wa9. Tim0
N: Valid Tim0
Begin
Is [PBGT HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
nd
No
Yes
Is current channeI
signaI channeI?
Satisfy P / N ruIe?
No
Yes
Search next
neighborceII
Iayer(n)=Iayer(s)&
IeveI(n)=IeveI(s)?
Path Ioss (s) - Path Ioss (n)
>PBGT HO ThreshoId
Refresh timer(s)
Trigger
PBGT HO
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
PBGT HO
Data Configuration of PBGT HO
Data Configuration of PBGT HO
Concentric Cell
Purposes
Maximize coverage area
Reduce interference and improve frequency reuse density
Construction methods
Different combiner loss
Different propagation loss
Modify the transmission power of TRX, the down tilt of antennas, etc.
By HO parameters
LAH=E@
7@AH=E@
Classification and HO Judgment of
Concentric Cell
Receiving level
Time advance
Quality
Receiving level
Time advance
Quality
ATCB
Cell load of underlaid
4rmal c4ncentric cell Enhance c4ncentric cell

Data Configuration of Concentric Cell
Normal Concentric Cell HO
Division of underlaid and overlaid is decided by MS downlink
receive level ,TA value and quality.
underlaid
overlaid
Receiving eveI ThreshoId
Receiving eveI Hysteresis
Receiving QauIityI ThreshoId
TA ThreshoId
TA Hysteresis
Normal Concentric Cell HO
U to O O to U
Normal Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid
Begin
[PenaIty Time of OtoU
HO FaiI(s)] overfIow ?
nd
No
Yes
[RX_' for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Yes
[O to U HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
No
Yes
[RX_QUA for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Yes
Rx_DI_QuaIity>=
[RX_QUA TreshoId]?
urrent TA>=[TA ThreshoId]+
[TA Hysteresis]?
[TA for UO HO
AIIowed] Yes?
Trigger O to U
P/N ruIe?
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No No
No
No No
nd
Rx_DI_eveI<=[RX_' thshoId]
-[RX_' Hysteresis]
Normal Concentric Cell HO(UO )
Criterion for TCH HO from underlaid to overlaid
Begin
[PenaIty Time of UtoO
nd
No
Yes
Time of HO faiIure<
[MaxRetry Time after UtoO FaiI]?
urrent TA<=[TA ThreshoId]-
[TA Hysteresis]?
No
Yes
[RX_QUA for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Yes
Yes
No
No
[RX_' for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Rx_DI_eveI >=
[RX_' ThreshoId] +
[RX_' Hysteresis]
No
[TA for UO HO
AIIowed] Yes?
Rx_DI_QuaI<=
[RX_QUA TreshoId]?
Yes
P/N ruIe?
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
[U to O HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
nd
Yes
No
Trigger U to O
Data Configuration of Normal
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Enhance Concentric Cell HO
Division of underlaid and overlaid is decided by MS downlink
receive level, quality, TA value and cell load of underlaid.
underlaid
overlaid
U to O HO Receiving eveI ThreshoId
O to U HO Receiving eveI Hysteresis
Receiving QauIityI ThreshoId
TA ThreshoId
TA Hysteresis
Enhance Concentric Cell HO
Classification of TCH HO in enhance concentric cell HO
O to U
for Iow Ioad in U
U to O
for high Ioad in U
O to U
for moving
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(UO )
Begin
[PenaIty Time of UtoO
nd
No
Yes
Time of HO faiIure<
[MaxRetry Time after UtoO FaiI]?
urrent TA<[TA ThreshoId]-
[TA Hysteresis]?
No
Yes
[ATBHoSwitch] Open?
[RX_QUA for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Go to the user seIection
fIow in the next sIide
Yes
Yes
No
No
[RX_' for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Rx_DI_eveI>[UtoO HO
Received eveI ThreshoId]
No
A: RX_'_U - RX_' (n) >[Distance Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
RX_' (n): RX_' of the strongest neighboring ceII which has the same frequency band and Iayer
with underIaid subceII, but Iocates in a different BTS. If there is no such a ceII, this vaIue is -110dBm
A
Yes
No
[TA for UO HO
AIIowed] Yes?
Rx_DI_QuaI<
[RX_QUA TreshoId]?
Yes
P/N ruIe?
Yes
No
Flow for TCH HO from underlaid to overlaid for high load in UL
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
[U to O HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
nd
Yes
No
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(UO )
eII Ioad of U>=[n Iuo Out
eII Serious Overoad Thred]?
Begin
[UtoO Traffice
HO AIIowed] Yes ?
eII Ioad of U>=[n Iuo Out
eII GeneraI Overoad Thred]?
Trigger
U to O
Yes No
Refresh ceII Ioad
per second
B (B-1)/second
Yes
B=[UnderIay HO Step Period(s)]
HO step: [UnderIay HO Step eveI]
HO period: B-1 or B
HO zone: begin from -47dBm
Any MS in HO zone?
Yes
No
Yes
No
nd
User selection flow from UL to OL for high load in UL
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid for low load in underlaid
Begin
[UtoO Traffice
HO AIIowed] Yes ?
eII Ioad of U<[n Iuo Out
eII ow oad Thred]?
No
Trigger
U to O
Refresh ceII Ioad
per second
Yes
HO period: [n Iuo eII oad Iassification HO Period]
HO step: [n Iuo eII oad Iassification HO Step]
HO zone: begin from[OtoU HO Received eveI ThreshoId] to -47dBm
Any MS in HO zone?
Yes
No
Yes
No
nd
[O to U HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
Yes
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid for moving
Begin
[PenaIty Time of OtoU
nd
No
Yes
[ATBHoSwitch]
Open?
No
[RX_' for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Rx_DI_eveI>[OtoU HO
Received eveI ThreshoId]
A
Yes
[O to U HO
AIIowed] Yes ?
No
Yes
[RX_QUA for UO
HO AIIowed] Yes?
Yes
Rx_DI_QuaI>
[RX_QUA TreshoId]?
urrent TA>[TA ThreshoId]+
[TA Hysteresis]?
[TA for UO HO
AIIowed] Yes?
Trigger O to U
P/N ruIe?
SeIect the underIaid subceII or
the neighbour ceII with the
highst priority in 16 bits Iist
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No No
No
No
No
nd
A: RX_'_U - RX_' (n) < [Distance Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
[Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of U and O SubceIIs(dB)]
Data Configuration of Enhance
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Concentric Cell HO
Channel Assignment strategies of
Concentric HO
hanneI Assignment Strategies of oncentric HO
Immediate
Assignment
Assignment
Intra-BS
Inter-ceII
Handover
Incoming
eII
Handover
The preferred SDCCH channel in two layers is controlled by
parameter "TA pref. Of mme-Assign Allowed
f "No", system prefers the channel in Underlaid subcell
f "Yes", system prefers the channel according to in Channel
Request message
%A smaller
%A bigger
mmediate Assignment
Data Configuration of mmediate
Assignment
Preferred assignment in the overlay or underlay cell
Assign the channel of overlay or underlay cell according
to the Rx_level and TA in the measurement report
T^ >m=AH =@
8xALA hEChAH
Assignment
Data Configuration of Assignment
ntra-BSC nter-Cell Handover
n the case of intra-BSC inter-cell handover, the MS can be
handed over to the underlay or overlay cell first.
f "System Optimization is selected, the preferred assignment is
conducted according to the level value in the measurement report.
LAH=E@
Underlaid
Overlaid
According to the Rx-level
Data Configuration of ntra-BSC nter-
Cell Handover
nter-BSC Handover
For the inter-BSC Handover, if the target cell is concentric cell , the
channel of underlay cell should be assigned first.
LAH=E@
Underlaid
Overlaid
BSC1
BSC2
Assign underlaid Iirst
Data Configuration of nter-BSC nter-
Cell Handover
AMR Handover Flow
Begin
Are [IntraceII HO
AIIowed] & [IntraceII F-H HO
AIIowed Yes ?
Yes
Is current channeI
TH & version3?
No
A: eII Ioad > [AMR TH/H Prior
eII oad ThreshoId]
During [PenaIty Time
after AMR THF-H HO
FaiI(s)]?
Yes
Yes
current channeI is FR
Satisfy P/N ruIe?
Trigger internaI ceII
AMR handover
Yes
No
nd
RQI/2 >[F2H HO th] & A
RQI/2 <[H2F HO th]
nd
Yes Yes
No No
No
No
No
Yes
Data Configuration of AMR HO
Data Configuration of AMR HO
General HO Process
Handover Judgment
3
Handover mplementation
No power controI
during handover in order to make
sure the handover is successfuI
Begin
Is [Power boost befor HO
enabIed or notYes ?
BTS(s) uses the max.
power output
Yes No
BS send "HO
ommand" to MS
HO execute
BTS(s) keeps current
power output
BTS(s) keeps current
power output
For BTS
Data Configuration of Handover
mplementation(BTS)
Handover mplementation
No power controI
during handover in order to make
sure the handover is successfuI
Begin
Is [MS Power Prediction
after HO Yes ?
BS predict power
Yes No
BS send "HO
ommand" to MS
HO execute
MS uses the highest
power to access For MS
MS wiII use this predict
power in new ceII after
finishing this handover
mplementation(MS)
mplementation(MS)
Summary
n this course, we have learned:
Classification of HO
HO general procedure
HO judgment algorithm
HO implementation process
HO data configuration
Thank you
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OMF810002 GSM Handover Algorithm ISSUE2.0

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OMF810002 GSM Handover Algorithm ISSUE2.0

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4rmal c4ncentric cell Enhance c4ncentric cell

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