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SKILLS LABORATORY
KESTER GRANT COLLEGE, PHILIPPINES JUNE 21-22, 27-29, 2011
Presented to: Ms. May San Diego Presented by: Arcalas, Joyce Barazon, Jonathan Catalua, Valerie Joy Del Rosario, Margot Magbanua, Christine Ponseca, Vanessa San Luis, Luigie Miguel
TYPES OF SUTURES
II.Absorbable Sutures
1.) Surgical Gut also known as a catgut and is made from the submucous layer of a sheep's intestine. Once cleaned, dried and twisted into threads of various sizes they are prepared for use by special processes, that include innumerable inspections of gauze and tensile strength and scrupulous sterilization. The length of time for complete absorption of surgical gut in a wound varies according to the action of certain hardening agents. 2.) Fascia Lata This muscle connective tissue of beef has been used in reconstructive orthopedic surgery and for the repair of hernias. It is not a true absorbable suture, but becomes part of the tissue after the wound has healed.
Running Stitch
It is made with one continuous length of suture material. Used to close tissue layers which require close approximation, such as the peritoneum. May also be used in skin or blood vessels. The advantages of the running stitch are speed of execution, and accommodation of edema during the wound healing process. However, there is a greater potential for malapproximation of wound edges than with the interrupted stitch.
Interrupted Stitch
Each stitch is tied separately. May be used in skin or underlying tissue layers. More exact approximation of wound edges can be achieved with this technique than with the running stitch.
Mattress Stitch
A double stitch that is made parallel (horizontal mattress) or perpendicular (vertical mattress) to the wound edge. Chief advantage of this technique is strength of closure; each stitch penetrates each side of the wound twice, and is inserted deep into the tissue.
Purse Stitch
A continuous stitch paralleling the edges of a circular wound. The wound edges are inverted when tied. Commonly used to close circular wounds, such as a hernia or an appendiceal stump.
Smead-Jones / Far-and-NearStitch
A double loop technique alternating near and far stitches. Commonly used for approximating fascial edges.
TYPES OF
ANESTHESIA
I. Local Anesthesia
An anesthetic drug (which can be given as a shot, spray, or ointment) numbs only a small, specific area of the body (for example, a foot, hand, or patch of skin). With local anesthesia, a person is awake or sedated, depending on what is needed. Local anesthesia lasts for a short period of time and is often used for minor outpatient procedures (when patients come in for surgery and can go home that same day). For someone having outpatient surgery in a clinic or doctor's office (such as the dentist or dermatologist), this is probably the type of anesthetic used. The medicine used can numb the area during the procedure and for a short time afterwards to help control post-surgery discomfort.
II. Rgional Anesthesia An anesthetic drug is injected near a cluster of nerves, numbing a larger area of the body (such as below the waist, like epidurals given to women in labor). Regional anesthesia is generally used to make a person more comfortable during and after the surgical procedure. Regional and general anesthesia are often combined.
III. General Anesthesia The goal is to make and keep a person completely unconscious (or "asleep") during the operation, with no sensations, pain, awareness, or memory of the surgery. General anesthesia can be given through an IV (which requires sticking a needle into a vein, usually in the arm) or by inhaling gases or vapors by breathing into a mask or tube.