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Any contact between the incising / masticating surfaces of maxillary & mandibular teeth when they are in contact. It is a static position HANAU used the term Articulation to define the contacting of teeth as the mandible moved to & fro in centric relation or eccentric relation. This is dynamic Helpful for Stability & retention

Teeth are retained by PDL, when they are lost occlusion & proprioception are lost Teeth receive individual pressures & can move independently Malocclusion of natural teeth affects individual teeth, but improper occlusion in dentures will effect the stability Incising with natural teeth does not affect posterior teeth, while in dentures it causes instability Bilateral balance is rarely seen in natural dentition

Balanced Centric

Non-Balanced Neutrocentric centralization of occlusion - pitch, position, number

Eccentric - Lateral & Protrusive Organic muscle & joint without tooth function Monoplane Lingualized

Plane should be flat & parallel to ridge

Forces on denture should be concentrated over 1st molar region

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Smaller the area of occ. surf., lesser is the amt of occ load transmitted to supp. struct. Vert. force on tilted occ surf will produce non vert force on CD Vert force acting on a tilted tissue support will produce a non vert force on CD base Vert force on CD base lying over the resilient tissues will produce lever forces on CD Vert force acting outside the ridge crest will produce tipping of CD

Stability of CD & its occlusion when the mandible is in both centric & eccentric relations Balanced occlusal contacts during all eccentric movements Unlocking the cusps mesiodistally so that CD settle when there is ridge resorption The cuspal ht shd be reduced to control the horizontal forces Functional lever balance shd be obtained by vert tooth to ridge crest
Contd

Cutting, penetrating & shearing efficiency of the occlusal surface equivalent to that of natural dentition Incisal clearance during posterior functions like chewing Minimal area of contact to reduce pressure while crushing food Sharp ridges, cusps & sluiceways to increase masticatory efficiency

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Sharp units for improved incising efficiency They should not contact during mastication, but only during protrusion Shallow incisal guidance Increased horizontal overlap to avoid interference during settling

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Cusps for good cutting & grinding efficiency Smaller buccolingual width to decrease the occlusal load transferred to the tissues Group function at the end of chewing cycle in eccentric positions Occlusal load should be directed to mean foundation plane of ridge

The second molars should be in contact during protrusive action They should have contact along with the working side at the end of the chewing cycle Smooth gliding contacts should be available for uninterfered lateral & protrusive movements

The simultaneous contacting of the maxillary & mandibular teeth on the right & left & in the posterior & anterior occlusal areas in centric & eccentric positions, developed to lessen or limit tipping or rotating of the denture bases in relation to the supporting structures

Working side

Non-Working side

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Gysi 1914 arranging 33o anatomic teeth to increase stability French 1954 lowering the occlusal plane to BO Sear posterior balancing ramps in nonanat. teeth

Pleasure posterior reverse lateral curve to increase stability Frush arrange teeth in one-dimensional contact relationship, which should be reshaped during try-in to obtain BO

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Hanaus Quint nine factors Horizontal condylar inclination Compensating curve Protrusive incisal guidance Plane of oreintation Buccolingual inclination of tooth axis Sagittal condylar pathway Sagittal incisal guidance Tooth alignment Relative cusp height

1. Condylar guidance 2. Incisal guidance 3. Compensating curves 4. Relative cusp height 5. Plane of orientation of occlusal plane

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Trapozzano Triad of Occlusion

No plane of occlusion & compensating curves

Boucher orientation of occlusal plane, incisal guidance& condylar guidance Angulation of cusp is more important than the height of cusp Compensating curve enables one to increase the ht of cusp without changing form of teeth

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ott related to posterior separation Greater the angle of condylar path greater the posterior separation Greater the angle of overbite greater the separation in anterior & posterior region Greater the separation of posterior teeth greater / higher must be the compensating curve Posterior separation beyond the balancing ability of compensating curve can be balanced by introduction of the plane of orientation Greater the separation of teeth greater must be height of cusps

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evins Quad (omitted plane of occlusion) Condylar guidance is fixed & is recorded from patient. Balancing CG will include Bennett movt of working condyle. This may/ may not affect lateral balance Incisal guidance is usually obtained from patients esthetics & phonetic requirements. It can be modified (decreased for flat ridges) Compensating curve is most important for BO Cusp teeth have inclines necessary for BO

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Incisal guidance Steeper more jaw separation If overjet increased - IG is reduced If overbite increased - IG increases

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Inclination of condylar path Cannot be modified

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Plane of Occlusion / occlusal plane Anteriorly by ht of lower canine Posteriorly by retromolar pad Parallel to ala-tragus line/ Campers line Tilting it beyond 10 is not advisable

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Compensating curve Determined by inclination of posterior teeth & their vertical relationship to occlusal plane

Curve of spee

Curve of wilson

Cuspal angulation