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EXA SC202
-Two-Wire Transmitter - 24 VDC - 4-20 mA Output (HART) - Fieldbus or Profibus
EXA SC402
- Four-Wire Analyzer - 110 VAC - NEMA 4X - Dual 4-20 mA Outputs - 4 Contact Relays - PI Control - USP23 Built-In
EXA DC402
- Two Inputs for Cond. - Four-Wire Analyzer - 110 VAC - NEMA 4X - Dual 4-20 mA Outputs - 4 Contact Relays - PI Control - USP23 Built-In
EXAxt SC450
- Four-Wire Analyzer - Intuitive Touch-Screen - Trend Graph Screen - 2 4-20mA / 4 Contacts - HART Communication - PID Control Function -USP23 Built-In -Class I, Div II
EXA SC100
- 1/4 DIN Panel M ount - Large Four Digit Display - Easy Automatic Calibration - 4-20mA / 2 Contacts - UL Rated (Pending)
Is
100 Meg.
10 Meg.
1 Meg .
100 K
OHM/ CM S/ CM
. 0 1 Specific
. 1
1 0
10 0
1,0 00
10,0 00
Conduct ance
Good Distil led Wate r
10 PPM NaCl
Sieme ns or Mhos
Cell
Constant Same Fluid in a different volume will give a different conductivity reading.
1 cm
A
1 cm
How is Conductivity The term Conductivity is derived from Measured? Ohms Law which is defined as:
E= I R
In other words when a voltage E is applied across an electrical conductor (water), then an electrical current I will flow which is dependent on the resistance R Alternating the conductor ( water). of
A
FLOW
Increasing the amount of ions present in the fluid, increases the ability of the fluid to transport the electrical current. Conductivity goes up.
YOKOGA
Mo
EXA Conductivity Analyzers and Available in both contacting and inductive Sensors
(electrodes) conductivity methods Accurate (0.5%) measurement Of everything from ultrapure water to highconcentration solutions in temperatures from -20C to 130C Auto-ranging Eliminates multiple sensor requirements and allows a single sensor to handle 0.055 S to 2,000,000 S Sensor Diagnostics Ensures measurement integrity and sensor quality in heavy scaling applications
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Event Logbook Function Used to record events like cell constant changes, calibrations and diagnostic messages
PICKU P COIL
DRIV E
PICKUP COIL
COIL
PROCESS FLUID
Continuos auto zeroing (every 20 seconds), plus matched coils eliminates the need for
Tri-Clover
3/4 G to 1 1/4MNPT
All High Purity Applications Ranges Below 100 microsiemens All Ranges Except High Purity Above 100 microsiemens All % Concentration Ranges All Custom Ranges
Inductive Cells
Conductivity: Contacting
Full scale range 0 to 50, us/cm: No
Toroidal
Vs
Toroidal
- Lacks sensitivity
Contacting
Yes - Can measure down to high purity water
Concentrated solutions:
No - There can be polarization effects. Concentrated solutions tend to be fouling and corrosive
Major advantages:
Sensitivity for low conductivity measurements Usually smaller and easier to mount.
Contacting Conductivity
YEW
YOKOGAWA
SC41/SP34
CONDUCTIVITY CELL
PURE S/cm
0.1 S
1000 mS
CONCENTRATION mS/cm
Capacitance
Polarization
0.1 S 1000 mS
FLOW
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
A
A
FLOW
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
ALAR M
FLOW
SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS
YEW
YOKOGAWA
SC41/SP34
CONDUCTIVITY CELL
CONNECTIONS
FOULING
or two calculations.
One measured output
DC402 Analyzer
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Conductivity Calibration
& Configuration Section
Conductivity Setup
Contacting and Inductive
Air Cal
All EXA SC202, SC402 , ISC402, IC200 and the EXAxt SC150 permit an Air Cal to be performed. With SC202,SC402 and SC150 Air Cal is done via the Access Codes. ISC402 and IC200 via front panel. the small zero current in the circuitry and needs to be performed only once during initial startup. The benefit of performing an Air Cal, is two fold.
magnetic field
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Pipe and vessel installations may however not give the 1 minimum clearance to use the default setting.
ISC40FF- S
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Conductivity Calibration
Contacting and Inductive How To Calibrate
DOs
1. Always CLEAN and RINSE the Cell 2.Use FRESH CALIBRATION Solutions. 3.If working with low conductivity Solutions, clean the beakers with DI Water before pouring in Solutions. 4.Pick Calibration Solutions in the middle range of the for the cell constant if possible. 5.Ensure the discharge holes of cell are covered. 6. Follow proper grab sample calibration procedures.
Discharge Holes
DONTs
1.Do Not Calibrate With Extremely of Calibration The Frequency Low Conductivity Solutions Depends On: ( below 10 S). 2. Do Not wait before checking grab sample Process Solution Maintenance Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation values with low conductivity values.
Desired Accuracy
Conductivity Calibration
Inductive Special Issues
DONTs
1. Never allow the ISC40 Sensor to touch the bottom or the sides of the beaker that the calibration solution or grab sample is held in !! The shape of the magnetic fields (Installation Factor) is warped and a incorrect calibration will result. 2. If possible do not use the ISC40 in low conductivity solutions ( below 10 S).
DRIV E COIL PICKU P COIL
Magnetic Fields
Correct calibration requires standard solutions. Works well on higher conductivity ranges (2000 S) Interferences are too high at low conductivity values ( below 100S) Carbon Dioxide from the air dissolves in the water and increases conductivity One Point Calibration
microsiemens 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.01
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
pH
Conductivity - Calibration
GRAB SAMPLE METHOD
Changes in Process
HOL D
0.236
NaCL
26.8C
Process
Bring a high quality lab unit or conductivity handheld to the process floor.
ENT
CONDUCTIVI TY METER
Sample
Copyright Yokogawa Electric Corporation
This gives the same conductivity and process temperature as the process.
Sample Point
CONDUCTIVITY APPLICATIONS
Immiscible liquids (like solvents) Have lower conductivity because the impurities take up space that normally would have conductive liquid.
0 50 100 0 50 100
50
100
Conductivity rises linearly with concentration in dilute solutions. Ions interfere with one another in concentrated solutions so conductivity may stop rising or actually fall.
USER
ST EA M H EA DER
CO N DU CTI VI T Y T RA N SMI T TER
8. 19 PV: 13. 0
SV:
05.0
MV:
0.0
C
SHIFT
0
YOKOGAWA
CO N DU CTI VI T Y SENSO R
BO TT O M BLO WDO WN L IN E
Key
RO Inlet Stream
Cation CR
RO
POWER/ BOILERS
Cation RO CR
Return Condensate
SC
Return Condensate
2. Demineralizer Outlet
3. Superheater Outlet
4. Economiser Inlet