Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Topics Overview and Org. Structure Material Master Purchasing Master Data Procurement Inventory Management/ Valuation Invoice Verification/Valuation Automatic Account Determination
Definition: Logistics
NCPDM (US National Committee on Physical Distribution Management) : "..physical distribution management .. is .. the integration of one or more activities for the purpose of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient flow of raw
materials, in-process inventory and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption..."
short-term
Capital resources
Logistics chain Procurement
Purchase orders materials
services
Production
Warehouse
Sales
Warehouse Sales orders
products services
Distributions
Vendor
Material resources
Customer
Capacity resources
Overview of MM
Material requirements planning
External procurement Internal procurement
Purchasing
Production
Warehouse management
Master data
Material Batch Vendor G/L accounts Customer Storage bins . . .
Goods issue
Transfer posting
Procurement Process
Order Invoice
MRP
?
7
Invoice verification
Requirement determination
Materials management
MM
Source determination
Order
Order follow-up
5 4
Vendor selection
Order processing
Plants
0001
0002
0003
Storage locations
0001
0001
0002
0001
0002
0001
0088 001
0088
0002
Storage types
001
005
Storage bins
05-04-03
05-04-04
Valuation
Client
Company codes
0001
0002
Plants
0001
0002
0003
RC
Plants
VAL. AT CO.CODE VAL. AT PLANT
Accounting
Client
Company codes
0001
0002
0003
Purchasing Organization
Company (Group)
0001
Company codes
0001
0002
Purchasing organizations
0001
0002
0003
Plants
0001
0002
0003
0004
Purchasing group 2
Purchasing organization 1
Purchasing organization
Purchasing organization 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 2
Plant 10
Material Master
Plant-specific data
Valuation
Valuation price MRP/type Planned delivery time Valuation procedure Valuated quantity Purchasing group Batch indicator
Units of measure
Base unit: Piece
16
72
Box
(unit of issue)
Crate
(order unit)
Pallet
(sales unit)
Standardprice control: Valuation of standard price from the material master record
Moving average price control: Final delivered price (such as purchase order price) influences the valuation price
The vendor
Purchasing
Bank
DEUTSCHE MARK DEUTSCHE MARK
Payment
DEUTSCHE MARK
Material
Vendor
Invoice
order account
? =
Goods receipt
Invoice verification
Account group
One-time account Account group
Field selection
Control account
Invoice
You Vendor
Invoice
Enter invoice
Info record Vendor A Info record Info record Consumable material M2 Info record Vendor B Info record Service S1 Stock material M1
USD USD
Material
Pricing
Pricing procedure RM000
1 1
Purchase order Vendor 123 Purchasing organization 2000 Item 10 PB00 Price 120 pcs $99
2 2 3 3
1.Price 2.Discount
PB00 RA00
Condition type: PB00 Access sequence: PB01 Access sequence: PB01 1. Outline agreement 2. Vendor/material/ organizational level 3. Vendor/material group/ organizational level Records for condition type No valid record exists Valid record exists $100 for $99 for $98 for
5 5
4 4
Scale
1 pcs 100 pcs 200 pcs
Conditions
Pricing procedure Condition type
Gross price Discount % Net price: Fixed freight charge + Effective price:
Source list
1.1.95 - 30.6.95
Source list
Vendor 1 allowed Vendor 2 allowed Vendor 3 allowed
Procurement
Procurement
Procurement Environment
Source list
RFQs
Quotations
Quota arrangement Source determination Vendor selection Purchase order history Piece Piece % % Conditions Conditions USD USD Info record
Outline agreement
Purchase order
Invoice receipt
Goods receipt
Purchasing documents
Purchase requisition RFQ
Purchase requisition
RFQ
?
Purch.order
Quotation
Quotation
Quotation
Purchase order
31. Contract
1.
Release order
Scheduling agreement
Purchasing document
Item 1
General data Conditions Texts Schedule line
Item 2
...
Item category
Purchasing document
A B C
Item category
Item type
Acct.assign. type
Warehouse
Goods receipt
Goods issue
Material
Production
Vendor
Goods receipt
Production
Vendor
Material
Procurement
Consumption-driven MRP
Consumption-driven MRP
Requirements planning Net requirements calc.
Forecasting
A Material
Material master
Purchasing
Inventory management
VM, VB
VV
Stochastic
Consumption
Time
Time
Reorder level
Safety stock
Reorder point
Delivery date
Time
Reorder level
Daily x Replenishment lead time Replenishment lead time Service level MAD Replenishment lead time Time
Reorder level
Safety stock
Fixed inward movements e.g. purchase orders Purchase orders proposals Planned orders Purchase requisitions Warehouse stock Comparison Comparison
Safety stock
Lotsizing procedures
Exact lot size Static procedure Fixed lot size Replenish to maximum stock level
Periodic procedure
Optimum procedure
...
Groff procedure
Time
Period length Period length
Optimum
$ 20 $ 100 10 %
Storage costs 0 38.36 76.71 115.07 Total storage costs 0 38.36 115.07 198.78
Optimum
$ 20 $ 100 10 %
Storage costs 0 38.36 76.71 115.07 Total costs 100 138.36 215.07 330.14 Optimum Unit costs 0.10 0.07 0.11 0.08
2 2
2 2
Backward scheduling
Replenishment lead time GR processing time
1 1
MRP
Order
Planned order
Opening period of materials planning/ control
Purchasing
Purchase requisition
MRP type
VM
VV
Forecast
Forecast
Forecast requirements
Procurement
Processing Purchase Requisitions
Purchase requisition
Department MRP
Requisition
Requisition
Purchasing
Vendor
o.k.
Allocate and process
RFQ Purchase order
Procurement
Processing Vendor Inquiry / Quotations
RFQ 2
?
Vendor 1 Vendor 2
Quotation 1
Quotation 2
Purchase order
Rejection
Entering an RFQ
1 1
Item list
Vendor 1
Inquiry 1
2 2
Vendor 2
Inquiry 2
Issuing output
Printer EDI
Purchasing document
Output
Fax
Reprint
Reminder
Rejection
1 1
Procurement
Processing Purchase Orders
Contract
?
Vendor
Purchase order Order history
Pcs Pcs
% %
Conditions Conditions
One-time vendor
Info record
$ $
Contract
Contract request Reference RFQ Reference contract Purchase requisition
Contract
Release order
1 1
Vendor
2 2
Scheduling Agreements
Purchase requisition RFQ Reference scheduling agreement Purchase requisition
Scheduling agreement
1 1
Vendor
2 2
Inventory Management/Valuation
Inventory Management
Goods Movements
Inventory management
Old system Vendor In-house production
Goods receipt
Goods issue
Scrapping
Consumption
Goods movement
Material document
Accounting document
0001
Plant
Storage location
Batch
Italy Quantity 10
France Quantity 20
Italy Quantity 30
France Quantity 40
Debits and credits per company code, period and, possibly, business area
Account determination Consumption update Movement type Quantity update Indicator for printout Field selection
Inventory control
ABC-Analyses Stock value Range of coverage Slow-moving items/ inventory turnover Standard analyses
Inventory Management
Processing Goods Receipts with Purchase Order Reference
Statistics
General Purchase order history Changes
Account assignment
Texts
um pt ion
Price differences
Inventory Management
Processing Goods Receipt w/o Reference
Preplanning
Goods receipt Initial entry of stock balance Without purchase order Without production order Goods receipt of by-products Delivery free of charge Returns from customer
Inventory Management
Processing Stock Transfer / Transfer Postings
Transfer posting
Transfer posting
Stock transfer
Expense // revenue Expense revenue from stock transfer from stock transfer 100.00 100.00
Inventory Management
Processing Goods Issues
Goods issues
From warehouse
Goods issue
Special Stocks
l l l l Vendor Consignment Returnable Transport Packaging Sales order stock Project Stock
Special Stocks
Managed at Storage location level Stock Types l Unrestricted Use stock l Quality inspection Stock l Blocked stock
Inventory Management
Physical Inventory
Procedures
l l l l Periodic inventory Continuous inventory Cycle counting Inventory sampling
Physical Inventory
l Can be carried out for Companys own stock and Special Stock l Inventory for Companys own stock and Special stock must be taken separately in different physical documents l Physical inventory can be taken for Unrestricted-use stock in the warehouse Quality inspection stock Blocked stock
Batch-Input
5a
5b
Post differences
or
Vendor invoice
Invoice verification
Purchase order
Assets
Invoice verification
Invoice document
Cost centers
Purchase order
Vendor master
Material master
Conditions
Posting an invoice
Invoice relating to purchase order Post
A XX B XX
Material master
Moving average price Value
Variances
Invoice
Goods receipt
WE 40
Quantity
50 pieces Invoice
Purchase order $5
Price
Purchase order = 2 kg 10 pieces at $20/kg Purchase order Planned delivery date 04/12/95
Tax
Material value + input tax
Company
KMT
A A A
Vendor
Customer
Tax payable
Tax office
Price differences
Event
Stock
Total value
Initial situation GR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.40 IR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.20
2.40 / pc 2.20 / pc
Event (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Initial situation GR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.40 IR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.20 GR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.40 Goods issue: 250 @ 2.20 IR for purch. order: 100 @ 2.20
INVOICING PLANS
Facility to schedule Invoicing dates for planned procurement independent of goods and service receipts
MM
SD
Cond. Technique
Grouping Organizational Levels for Account Determination Case: valuation area = plant
Valuation grouping code Plant Company code Chart of accounts
0001
0001 0002
0002
0003 0004
0003
0005
0004
IKR
Material type
Valuation class
0003
Option 3 ROH
Mat 1 Acct. 1 Acct. 1 Acct. 2 Acct. 2
ROH
Mat 1 Mat 2 Acct. 1 Acct. 1
Mat 2
HIBE
Mat 3 Mat 4
Acct. 2 Acct. 2
HIBE
Mat 3 Mat 4
FERT
Mat 5 Mat 6
Acct. 3 Acct. 3
FERT
Mat 5 Mat 6
Acct. 3 Acct. 3
Invoice verification
Invoice verification ? =
posting record)
Transaction (Generalized
Value String
BSX BSX
WRX WRX
Processing keys
KBS KBS
300100 300100
191100 191100
425000 425000
Rules
Plant
Company Code
Step 3
Rules
Account modification Valuation Class Val. Grouping Code
Legend
Information derived from Transaction type Information derived from Material Master Information derived from the organiz. Structure Main Customizing area
G/L Account
2
Selection of the posting transaction
Allocation of the G/L account number(s) per valuation class (and account grouping code)