INTRODUCTION

Traffic lights, which may also be known as stoplights, traffic lamps, traffic signals, stop-and-go light, are signaling devices positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings and other locations to control competing flows of traffic. Traffic lights have been installed in most cities around the world. They assign the right of way to road users by the use of lights in standard colors (red - amber/yellow - green), using a universal color code (and a precise sequence to enable comprehension by those who are color blind).

Typically traffic lights consist of a set of three colored lights: red, amber/yellow and green. In a typical cycle, Illumination of the green light allows traffic to proceed in the direction denoted, Illumination of the amber/yellow light denoting, if safe to do so, prepare to stop short of the intersection, and Illumination of the red signal prohibits any traffic from proceeding.

TOOLS USED TO DESIGN ADVANCED TRAFFIC LIGHT

1. 2. 3. 4. AVR MICROCONTROLLER ATMEL PROGRAMMER. ATMEL 89C51 controller, DRIVER BC557,

LED Indication

Driver 1

Signal Lamp 1

Dip Switches ( Jumpers )

Driver 2
Microcontroller

Signal Lamp 2

Driver 3
Power Supply Timer ON/OFF Switch

Signal Lamp 3

Driver 4

Signal Lamp 4

 Signal lamp consists of cluster of Red, Green, and

Yellow LEDs. These lamps requires current of 60mA which microcontroller doesnt capable to deliver . Drivers are used to deliver this required current. The purpose of microcontroller is to switch on the signal lamps with proper timing and to read the timer ON/OFF switch and to dip switches for pass time delay. With the help of timer ON/OFF switch, the Timer can be enabled or disabled. Led show the status of operation. By configuring jumpers, the pass time delay can be changed. 5V regulated power supply is required.

DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS USED

1. AVR MICROCONTROLLER : The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture machine where program and data is stored in separate physical memory systems that appear in different address spaces, but having the ability to read data items from program memory using special instructions.

The AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use onchip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time.

AVR Microcontrollers have been used in various automotive applications. Some of them are :Security, Safety Power train Entertainment systems

2. ATMEL AT89S51 :ATMEL AT89S51 is used in the project. This particular microcontroller is chosen because following features: 1. 4K Bytes of In-System programmable flash memory. 2. Compatible with MCS-51 Products 3. 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range 4. Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz 5. 128 x 8-bit Internal RAM 6. 32 Programmable I/O Lines 7. Low cost.

3. LED LIGHTS :These lights are used for display purpose.

4. Sensors :In this , those types of sensors will be used which will turn the light green on listening emergency vehicles noise like ambulance.

OBJECTIVE
This project aims at use of AVR Microcontroller for the control of traffic lights in our traffic system. Few of the main features of this project are : Proteus Simulation Use of LCD lights for traffic control Right side traffic control also

CONTROL OF TRAFFIC LIGHT IN CASE OF PASSING OF AMBULANCE

For this a system known as TRAFFIC SIGNAL PREEMPTION is used

TRAFFIC SIGNAL PREEMPTION

Traffic signal preemption is a type of system

that allows the normal operation of traffic lights to be preempted, often to assist emergency vehicles . The most common use of these systems is to manipulate traffic signals in the path of an emergency vehicle like AMBULANCE, stopping conflicting traffic and allowing the emergency vehicle right-of-way, to help reduce response times and enhance traffic safety.

IMPLEMENTATION
Traffic preemption devices are implemented in a variety of ways.

They can be installed on road vehicles, integrated with train transportation network management systems, or operated by remote control from a fixed location, such as a fire station, or by a 9-1-1 dispatcher at an emergency call center. Traffic lights must be equipped to receive an activation signal to be controlled by any system intended for use in that area. A traffic signal not equipped to receive a traffic preemption signal will not recognize an activation, and will continue to operate in its normal cycle. Vehicular devices can be switched on or off as needed, but in the case of emergency vehicles they are frequently integrated with the vehicle's emergency warning lights. When activated, the traffic preemption device will cause properly-equipped traffic lights in the path of the vehicle to cycle immediately, to grant right-of-way in the desired direction, after allowing for normal programmed time delays for signal changes and pedestrian crosswalks to clear.