Mobile computing

Tanvi Parashar (26) Roshni Parekh (27) Yash Patel (28) Srushti Potkule (29) Naman Parekh (58)

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Mobile & Wireless Computing

Outline:
Definition Merits - Demerits Application Advancements in Technology Todays Mobile Devices/Applications Computers Everywhere! Tomorrows Mobile Devices/Applications
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What is Mobile Computing?

Mobile computing refers to access to information at any time, any place, and in any form. Whether in the office, at home or virtually any place on earth. Mobile computing is associated with mobility of hardware, data and software in computer applications and the use of computers in a non-static environment. It is the combination of mobile computing and wireless communications prompting the emergence of what is referred to as pervasive or ubiquitous computing.
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Mobile Computing - Evolution

Primitive Simple Limited Capacity Cumbersome Unattractive

Sophisticated Powerful Complex Refined Elegant

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Mobile Technology Applications

Transport transmission of news, weather, conditions, music via DAB personal communication using GSM position and tracking via GPS local ad-hoc network with vehicles close-by to prevent accidents, guidance system, redundancy vehicle data (e.g., from buses, high-speed trains) can be transmitted in advance for maintenance Emergencies early transmission of patient data to the hospital, current status, first diagnosis 1-5 replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of

Mobile Technology Applications

Traveling salesperson direct access to customer files stored in a central location consistent databases for all agents/clients mobile office Entertainment, education outdoor Internet access intelligent travel guide with up-to-date location dependent information ad-hoc networks for multi user games
t Buil C B 150

Healthcare Health Care Support

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Pervasive/Ubiquitous computing
Ubiquitous computing or pervasive computing refers to access to computer network all the time at any location by any person. Ubiquitous computing can not be realized unless mobile computing matures.

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Aspects of Pervasive Computing

Pervasive computing combines three concepts:
Mobility ability to move about easily, speedily, and changing rapidly.

Embedding Placing intelligence in devices. Ubiquity Intelligent devices everywhere.

In the pervasive computing context mobility is where computing is anywhere; ubiquity is where computing is everywhere; and embedding is where computing is disguised and subsumed within various devices.
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Demerits
Security is a major concern. Authentication schemes. Encryption schemes. Payment schemes. E-tickets getting a service by producing a ticket. E-currency - issues like anonymity, creditworthiness, non-repudiation, etc. Naming and locating Routing data and messages Reliability in presence of disconnection
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Effects of device portability

Power consumption

limited computing power, low quality displays, small disks due to limited battery capacity r CPU: power consumption ~ CV2f C: internal capacity, reduced by integration V: supply voltage, can be reduced to a certain limit f: clock frequency, can be reduced temporally Loss of data r higher probability, has to be included in advance into the design (e.g., defects, theft) Limited user interfaces r compromise between size of fingers and portability r integration of character/voice recognition, abstract symbols Limited memory r limited value of mass memories with moving parts r flash-memory or ? as alternative
r

Intelligent (Smart) Objects

Real world objects are enriched

with information processing capabilities

Embedded processors in everyday objects small, cheap, lightweight Communication capability wired or wireless spontaneous networking and interaction Sensors and actuators
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Intelligent (Smart) Objects

Can remember pertinent events

They have a memory

Show context-sensitive behavior

They may have sensors Location/situation/context awareness

Are responsive/proactive

Communicate with environment Networked with other smart objects

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Embedded Technology
The following is a short list of the areas where pervasive and embedded technology has already started to take hold: Smart Rooms
e.g. the smart home and the smart office e.g. wearable within and without the body e.g. remote systems diagnosis

Wearable Computing

Automotive telemetry and telematics Information Appliances

e.g. self reporting household appliances

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Modes of mobile computing Pager receive only tiny displays simple text messages Sensors, embedded controllers PDA simple graphical displays character recognition simplified WWW

Laptop fully functional standard application

Mobile phones voice, data simple text displays

Palmtop tiny keyboard simple versions of standard applications

performance
Mobile Communications: Introduction 1.7.1

Automobile Telematics - Weather Response

Sensors on vehicles could provide continuous data on air and road surface temperature, visibility, Weather information is critical to precipitation, etc. travelers 17% of all USA highway fatalities occur during adverse weather (Snow, Ice, Fog) Existing national weather information is inadequate for highway operations Efforts to enhance this information locally are expensive and of limited value
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Automobile Telematics
Example - Accident Response
Advanced Incident Management and Automatic Crash Notification

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Usage of mobile computing in corporate sector

Mobile Technology for Business Internet and the WWW Mobile Device Programming Wireless Networks and Infrastructures Database Modelling and Design Usability Issues for Mobile Devices Security for Mobile Systems Distributed Systems Distributed Games Design Web Services and Applications
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Mobile Computing Todays Applications

Wireless Voice/Data Communications Global Positioning Systems Routing services Location Aware Services Context-based Access to Remote Information Systems

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Mobile Computing - Today's Devices

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Worldwide wireless subscribers (prediction)

700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
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America Europe Japan others total

Mobile Communications: Introduction

Mobile phones per 100 people 1997

Finland Denmark Japan USA Italy UK Spain Western Europe Germany France 0 10 20 30 40 50

1998: 40% growth rate in Germany

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Simple reference model used here

Application Transport Network Data Link Physical

Network Network Data Link Data Link Physical Physical

Application Transport Network Data Link Physical

Radio
Mobile Communications: Introduction

Medium
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Conclusion
Access to information from anywhere, in

any form, and from any source. Application in transport , healthcare , emergencies , entertainment etc. pervasive/Ubiquitous computing. Development in corporate sector.

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thank you !

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