HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

IB ERWIN RANAWIJAYA

POKOK BAHASAN
PENGERTIAN HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL SEJARAH HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL PERBANDINGAN SISTEM HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL SYARAT SAHNYA KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL PRINSIP-PRINSIP DALAM HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL SUMBER-SUMBER HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

PENGERTIAN HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

KONSEP KONTRAK BLACKS LAW DICTIONARY An agreement between two or more persons which creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular things

AMERICAN RESTATEMENT OF CONTRACT A contract is a promise or set or promises for breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the performance of which the law in some way recognizes as a duty
POLLOCK Contract is a promise or set of promises which the law will enforce. Contract is what promises the law will enforce or otherwise recognize as creating legal rights

PENGERTIAN HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

KONSEP KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL WILLIS REESE are contracts with elements in two or more nation states. Such contracts may be between states, between state and a private party, or exclusively between private parties Foreign Elements:

PENGERTIAN HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

The law of contract is part of the law of obligations, it is concerned with obligations which people incur to others as a result of the relations and transactions in which they become involved. this part of private law, to be part of the law of obligations, the law of obligations deals primarily with duties owed by some members of the public to others, and these obligations are exclusively enforceable by the persons to whom they are owed. a person who wishes to complain of breach of an obligation owed privately to him, such as a breach of contract, must enforce his rights in the Court without the assistance of any public authority. the law of contract is, then, primarily concerned with self-imposed obligations. Contract law is initially concerned with determining what promises the law will enforce or otherwise recognize as creating legal rights. The law of self-imposed obligation

(ATIYAH:1981)

SEJARAH HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

1. Perkembangan Awal 2. Perkembangan pd Abad XIX 3. Era Modern

SEJARAH HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

1. Perkembangan Awal a. Abad ke XIII-XIV di Inggris
Bentuk-bentuk perjanjian sederhana Perjanjian penting tertulis Law-enforcemen dengan ganti rugi Perjanjian tertentu tidak tertulis ada penegakan hukum

b. Abad Pertengan Eropa dan Timur Tengah

berawal berkembang sebagai Lex Mercatoria Berawal trade usage Tempat pelaksanaan local fairs, pasar dan pelabuhan

SEJARAH HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

2. Perkembangan Abad ke XIX a. Masa keemasan b. Adopsi teori hukum alam c. Freedoms of contracts d. Law enforcement pada negara

SEJARAH HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

3. Era Modern a. Pengaruh Social Protectionism
Dampak sosial dari revolusi industri Eksploitasi pekerja Social safety-net Penyalahgunaan asas kebebasan berkontrak Civil liability & criminal liability

b. Meningkatnya Upaya Consumer Protection c. Contracts of Adhesion (Standard form of contract)

alasan praktis berkembang dari lex mercatoria

PRINSIP-PRINSIP DALAM HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Freedom of contract Pacta sunt servanda Good Faith Resiprositas Equality

PERBANDINGAN SISTEM HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

Common Law Berkembang di Inggris US, India ,Malaysia, dll Civil Law Berkembang di Perancis Belanda, Amerika latin, Afrika, dll Tradisi Hukum Lain Sosialis (Komunis), Hukum Islam, Tokugawa, China

PERBEDAAN TRADISI HUKUM COMMON LAW - CIVIL LAW

KOMPONEN PEMBEDA PEMBENTUK HUKUM BENTUK HUKUM COMMON LAW Judge made law putusan pengadilan (customary law) prosedur standar CIVIL LAW Legislature made law undang-undang (legislation law) ?

TRANSAKSI

SYARAT SAHNYA KONTRAK KESEPAKATAN

PROSES PEMBENTUKAN KONTRAK BENTUK KONTRAK

kesepakatan

kesepakatan

= offer acceptance
negosiasi HARUS/prasyarat mutlak fixed

expression of will
? negotiable

SUMBER-SUMBER HUKUM KONTRAK INTERNASIONAL

Hukum Nasional Dokumen Kontrak Kebiasaan Perdagangan Internasional Prinsip-prinsip hukum umum dalam kontrak Putusan pengadilan Doktrin Perjanjian Internasional tentang Kontrak

TUGAS
Bandingkan karakteristik kontrak berdasarkan Tradisi Common Law dan Civil Law Tradisi Hukum

Common Law
Civil Law

Daftar Pustaka
Gordon D. Schaber, Contracts in A Nutshell, West Publishing Co., St. Paul, Minn, 1984. Huala Adolf, Dasar-dasar Hukum Konytrak Internasional, PT. Refika Aditama, 2007. Soejono Dirjosisworo, Kontrak Bisnis (Meneurut Sistem Hukum Cicil Law, Common Law, dan Praktek Dagang Internasional), CV. Mandar Maju, Bandung, 2003. Ricardo Simanjuntak, Teknik Perancangan Kontrak Bisnis, Mingguan Ekonomi & Bisnis KONTAN, 2006.