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18
Managing Dependencies
Aris Global Confidential

Objectives
After completing this lesson, you should be able to

do the following:
• Track procedural dependencies
• Predict the effect of changing a database object
upon stored procedures and functions
• Manage procedural dependencies
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Understanding Dependencies
Dependent Objects Referenced Objects
Table Function
View Package Specification
Database Trigger Procedure
Procedure Sequence
Function Synonym
Package Body Table
Package Specification View
User-Defined Object User-Defined Object
and Collection Types and Collection Types

Dependencies
View or
Procedure procedure Table
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Direct Direct
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx dependency dependency
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv Referenced
Dependent
Dependent Indirect Referenced

dependency

Local Dependencies
Procedure Procedure View Table

xxxxxxxxxxxxxx vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Local references
Direct local
dependency

Local Dependencies

INVALID INVALID INVALID
Local references
Direct local Definition

dependency change
The Oracle server implicitly recompiles any INVALID object
when the object is next called.

A Scenario of Local Dependencies
ADD_EMP EMP_VW view

procedure
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
vvvvvvxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
…
QUERY_EMP EMPLOYEES table
procedure
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
…

Displaying Direct Dependencies by Using
USER_DEPENDENCIES
SELECT name, type, referenced_name, referenced_type

FROM user_dependencies
WHERE referenced_name IN ('EMPLOYEES','EMP_VW' );
…
…

Displaying Direct and Indirect
Dependencies
1. Run the script utldtree.sql that creates the

objects that enable you to display the direct and
indirect dependencies.
2. Execute the DEPTREE_FILL procedure.
EXECUTE deptree_fill('TABLE','SCOTT','EMPLOYEES')

Displaying Dependencies
DEPTREE View
SELECT nested_level, type, name

FROM deptree
ORDER BY seq#;

Another Scenario of Local Dependencies
REDUCE_SAL vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
procedure vvvvvvxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
RAISE_SAL
procedure xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
EMPLOYEES table

A Scenario of Local Naming
Dependencies
QUERY_EMP
procedure EMPLOYEES public synonym
X
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
…
EMPLOYEES
table

Understanding Remote Dependencies

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xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Network vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Local and remote references
Direct local Direct remote

dependency dependency

Understanding Remote Dependencies

xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Network vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
VALID INVALID INVALID
Local and remote references
Direct local Direct remote Definition

dependency dependency change

Concepts of Remote Dependencies
Remote dependencies are governed by the mode

chosen by the user:
• TIMESTAMP checking
• SIGNATURE checking

REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE
Parameter
Setting REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE:
As an init.ora parameter
• REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE = value
At the system level
• ALTER SYSTEM SET
REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE = value
At the session level
• ALTER SESSION SET
REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE = value

Remote Dependencies and
Time Stamp Mode

xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Network xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Network

Remote Dependencies and
Time Stamp Mode

xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Network xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
VALID INVALID INVALID
Network Definition
change

Remote Procedure B Compiles
at 8:00 a.m.
Remote procedure B
Compiles
Valid

Local Procedure A Compiles
at 9:00 a.m.
Local procedure A Remote procedure B
Time stamp Record Time stamp

of A Time stamp of B
of B
Valid Valid

Execute Procedure A
Time stamp
comparison
Time stamp Time stamp Time stamp
of A of B of B
Execute B
Valid Valid
Remote Procedure B Recompiled
at 11:00 a.m.
Remote procedure B
Compiles
Valid

Execute Procedure A
Time stamp
comparison
Time stamp Time stamp Time stamp
of A of B of B
ERROR
Valid Invalid Valid

Signature Mode
• The signature of a procedure is:

– The name of the procedure
– The datatypes of the parameters
– The modes of the parameters
• The signature of the remote procedure is saved in
the local procedure.
• When executing a dependent procedure, the
signature of the referenced remote procedure is
compared.

Recompiling a PL/SQL
Program Unit
Recompilation:
• Is handled automatically through implicit run-time
recompilation
• Is handled through explicit recompilation with the
ALTER statement
ALTER PROCEDURE [SCHEMA.]procedure_name COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION [SCHEMA.]function_name COMPILE;
ALTER PACKAGE [SCHEMA.]package_name COMPILE [PACKAGE];

ALTER PACKAGE [SCHEMA.]package_name COMPILE BODY;
ALTER TRIGGER trigger_name [COMPILE[DEBUG]];

Unsuccessful Recompilation
Recompiling dependent procedures and functions is

unsuccessful when:
• The referenced object is dropped or renamed
• The data type of the referenced column is changed
• The referenced column is dropped
• A referenced view is replaced by a view with
different columns
• The parameter list of a referenced procedure is
modified

Successful Recompilation
Recompiling dependent procedures and functions is

successful if:
• The referenced table has new columns
• The data type of referenced columns has not
changed
• A private table is dropped, but a public table,
having the same name and structure, exists
• The PL/SQL body of a referenced procedure has
been modified and recompiled successfully

Recompilation of Procedures
Minimize dependency failures by:

• Declaring records by using the %ROWTYPE attribute
• Declaring variables with the %TYPE attribute
• Querying with the SELECT * notation
• Including a column list with INSERT statements

Packages and Dependencies
Package specification
Stand-alone
Procedure A Vali
procedure declaration
d
Valid
Package body
Procedure A
definition
Definition changed

Packages and Dependencies
Package specification
Vali
Procedure A
declaration d
Package body
Invali
d
Stand-alone Procedure A
procedure definition
Definition
changed

Summary
• In this lesson, you should have learned how to:

• Keep track of dependent procedures
• Recompile procedures manually as soon as
possible after the definition of a database object
changes

Practice 18 Overview
This practice covers the following topics:

• Using DEPTREE_FILL and IDEPTREE to view
dependencies
• Recompiling procedures, functions, and packages


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Aris Global Confidential

After completing this lesson, you should be able to

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Dependent Objects Referenced Objects

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Dependent Indirect Referenced

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Procedure Procedure View Table

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Procedure Procedure View Table

INVALID INVALID INVALID

Direct local Definition

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ADD_EMP EMP_VW view

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SELECT name, type, referenced_name, referenced_type

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1. Run the script utldtree.sql that creates the

2. Execute the DEPTREE_FILL procedure.

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SELECT nested_level, type, name

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Procedure Procedure View Table

Local and remote references

Direct local Direct remote

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Procedure Procedure View Table

VALID INVALID INVALID

Local and remote references

Direct local Direct remote Definition

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Remote dependencies are governed by the mode

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Procedure Procedure View Table

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Procedure Procedure View Table

VALID INVALID INVALID

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Time stamp Record Time stamp

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Local procedure A Remote procedure B

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Local procedure A Remote procedure B

Valid Invalid Valid

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• The signature of a procedure is:

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ALTER FUNCTION [SCHEMA.]function_name COMPILE;

ALTER PACKAGE [SCHEMA.]package_name COMPILE [PACKAGE];

ALTER TRIGGER trigger_name [COMPILE[DEBUG]];

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Recompiling dependent procedures and functions is

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Recompiling dependent procedures and functions is

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Minimize dependency failures by:

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