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‫إلى كل زملء نجلنا المغفور له‬

‫الدكتور ‪ /‬هانى إبراهيم عبد الفتاح أبو‬


‫العمايم‬
‫بالفرقة الرابعة طب عين شمس‬

‫نرجو منكم قراءة الفاتحة والدعاء له بالرحمة والمغفرة‬


‫بسم الله الرحمن‬
‫الرحيم‬
‫” واعتصموا بحبل الله جميعا‬
‫ول تفرقوا ”‬

‫صدق الله العظيم‬


‫شمس‬
‫كلية الطب‬
‫أسرة‬
‫الشروق‬

‫تـــقــدم‬
Slides Of Ophthalmology
Designed by:
Hany Ebrahim
Abdel Fatah
Very Thanks For:
Dina Abdul Rahman
Tarial
For her Effort in This Work
Contents
 Eye Lid.
 Lacrimal System.
 Conjunctiva.
 Cornea.
 Uveal Tract.
 Lens.
 Glaucoma.
 Retina.
 Optic Nerve.
 Squint and Errors of Refraction.
 Orbit and Eye Injuries.
 Tumors.
Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Normal Anatomy
Eye Lid

Normal Anatomy
Eye Lid

Normal Anatomy
Eye Lid

Normal Anatomy
Eye Lid

Bilateral Congenital
Epicanthus
Eye Lid

Congenital Coloboma of
Upper Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Chalazion of Upper Eye Lid


Eye Lid

Chalazion of Lower
Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Chalazion of Lower Eye


Lid
Eye Lid

Chalazion of Lower Eye


Lid
Eye Lid

Chalazion of Lower Eye


Lid From Inside
Eye Lid

Chalazion Granuloma
Eye Lid

Incision Curette Operation


Eye Lid

Congenital Entropion
Triachiasis of Lower Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Senile Entropion Trichiasis of


Lower Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Cicatrical Entropion Trichiasis


of Upper Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Cicatrical Entropion Trichiasis


of Upper Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Cicatrical Entropion Trichiasis


of Upper Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Congenital Ectropion
Eye Lid

Paralytic Ectropion
Eye Lid

Paralytic Ectropion of Lower


Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Cicatrchial Ectropion
of Lower Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Senile Ectropion of
Lower Eye Lid
Eye Lid

Mechanical Ectropion
Eye Lid

Severe Congenital Unilateral


Ptosis + Bilateral Epicanthus
Eye Lid

Localized Stage of Stye


Eye Lid

Multiple Styes of Children


Eye Lid

Multiple Styes in Adult


Eye Lid

Preseptal Diffuse Cellulitis With


Mechanical Ptosis of Upper Lid
Eye Lid

Blepharoconjunctivitis
Eye Lid

Ulcerative Blepharitis
Eye Lid

Ulcerative Blepharitis
Eye Lid

Trichiasis Causing Superficial Corneal


Scaring ( Opacity ) & Superficial
Corneal Vascularization.
Eye Lid

Median Tarsorraphy
Eye Lid

Basal Cell Carcinoma


( Rodent Ulcer )
Eye Lid

Squamous Cell Carcinoma


Eye Lid

Haemangiomas
Eye Lid

Malignant melanoma
Lacrimal
System
Lacrimal System

Anatomy of the lacrimal


drainage system
Lacrimal System

Physiology of the lacrimal


pump mechanism
Lacrimal System

Increased marginal strip stained


with fluorescein
Lacrimal System

Right dacryocystogram showing free flow of


contrast medium into the nose despite mild
stenosis of the common canaliculus.
Lacrimal System

Bilateral dacryocystogram. Right shows some irregularioty of


the common canaliculus , although contrast medium passes
through an otherwise patent lacrimal system. Left shows
complete obstruction high in the sac.
Lacrimal System

Chronic Dacryocystitis With


+ve Regurge Test
Lacrimal System

Acute Dacryocystitis
Lacrimal System

Acute Dacryocystitis
Lacrimal System

Acute Dacryocystitis
Lacrimal System

Acute Dacryocystitis
Lacrimal System

Technique of
dacryocysistorhinostomy
Lacrimal System

John’s Dye Test I ( +ve )


Lacrimal System

Syringing of Lacrimal Passages


( Lacrimal Irrigation )
Lacrimal System

Probing of Lacrimal Passages


Lacrimal System

Oedema of the left canaliculus


due to chronic canaliculitis
Conjunctiva
Conjunctiva

Normal Anatomy
Conjunctiva

Normal Anatomy
The three layers of the precorneal tear film
Conjunctiva

Normal Anatomy
Function of the mucin layer Left : in mucin defiency, the aqueous layer
(blue) cannot wet the corneal epithelium,; right : a normal amount of
mucin (red) enables wetting of the corneal epithelium by the aqueous
layer (blue).
Conjunctiva

Typical Conjunctival Hyperemia


Conjunctiva

Typical Conjunctival Hyperemia


Conjunctiva

Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Conjunctiva

Mucopurulant Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Mucopurulant Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Follicular Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Follicular Conjunctivitis
Follicles involving the superior palpebral
conjunctiva in adult chlamydial conjunctivits .
Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous
Follicles & Papillae
Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous Follicles &


Papillae and Pannus
Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous Follicles &


Papillae and Pannus
Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous Follicles &


Papillae and Pannus
Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous Pannus


Conjunctiva

Acute Trachomatous Pannus


Conjunctiva

Healed Trachomatous Pannus


With Herbert's Pits
Conjunctiva

Herbert pits in trachoma


Conjunctiva

Scarred Palpebral Conjunctiva


Conjunctiva

Scarred Palpebral Conjunctiva


Conjunctiva

Scaming of the inferior


forniceal conjunctiva
Conjunctiva

Membranous Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Conjunctival pseudomembrane
Conjunctiva

Removal of a conjunctival
pseudomembrane
Conjunctiva

Posterior Symblepharon
Conjunctiva

Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis
( Limbal Phlycten )
Conjunctiva

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant Cell Papillae of Palpebral


Spring Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Giant papillae and copious mucus on the


superior tarsus in advanced Spring
Catarrah.
Conjunctiva

Bulbar Spring Catarrah


Conjunctiva

Corneal Plaque in Spring


Catarrah
Conjunctiva

Argyrosis
Conjunctiva

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Conjunctiva

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Conjunctiva

Early Pterygium
Conjunctiva

Established Pterygium
Conjunctiva

True Pterygium
Conjunctiva

True Pterygium
Conjunctiva

Pseudopterygium
Conjunctiva

Bitot Spots in Case of Xerosis


Conjunctiva

Loss of Conjunctival Luster


in Cases of Xerosis
Conjunctiva

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Severe chemosis
Conjunctiva

chemosis
Conjunctiva

Purulent discharge in adult


gonococcal conjunctivitis.
Conjunctiva

Herpes simplex
blepharoconjunctivitis
Conjunctiva

Break-up of the tear film


Conjunctiva

Mild staining of the conjunctiva with rose


bengal in keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Conjunctiva

Extensive staining with rose bengal in


keratoconjunctivitis sicca .
Conjunctiva

Schirmer test
Cornea
Cornea

APPLIED ANATOMY
Cornea

Slit Lamp Biomicroscopy


Cornea

Fluorescine Sodium 2% Dye


Cornea

Corneal Ulcer With


+ve Fluorecine Stain
Cornea

Dendretic Ulcer With +ve


Fluorecine Stain as Seen Through
a Cobalt Blue Filter by Slit Lamp
Cornea

Dendretic Ulcer With +ve


Fluorecine Stain as Seen Through
a Cobalt Blue Filter by Slit Lamp
Cornea

Dendretic Ulcer With +ve


Fluorecine Stain
Cornea

Geographical Ulcer With +ve


Fluorecine Stain as Seen Through
a Cobalt Blue Filter by Slit Lamp
Cornea

Geographical Ulcer With +ve


Fluorecine Stain as Seen Through
a Cobalt Blue Filter by Slit Lamp
Cornea

Herpes Zoster Ophthamicus


Cornea

Herpes Zoster Ophthamicus


Cornea

Neurotrophic Keratitis
( Corneal Ulcer )
Cornea

Hypopyon Corneal Ulcer


Cornea

Hypopyon Corneal Ulcer


Cornea

Tattooing of Corneal Opacity


Cornea

Colored Contact Lens with


Black Pupil
Cornea

Penetrating Keratoplasty
With Running Sutures
Cornea

Keratoconus
Cornea

Keratoconus With + ve
Menson Sign
Cornea

Arcus Senilis
Cornea

Partial Anterior Staphyloma


Cornea

Total Anterior Staphyloma


Cornea

Ciliary & Intercalary Staphyloma


Cornea

Ciliary Staphyloma
Cornea

Nodular Episcleritis
Uveal Tract
Uveal Tract

Acute Severe iridocyclitis


With Hypopyon
Uveal Tract

Keratic Precipitate & Dense Opaque


Flare in Acute Iridocyclitis
Uveal Tract

Keratic Precipitates As Seen By


Slit Lamp In Acute Iridocyclitis
Uveal Tract

Keratic Precipitates As Seen By


Slit Lamp In Acute Iridocyclitis
Uveal Tract

Chronic Iridocyclitis, Partial Posterior


Synechia With Festonated Pupil
The Lens
The Lens

THE NORMAL LENS,


ITS DEVELOPMENT
The Lens

THE NORMAL LENS,


ITS DEVELOPMENT
The Lens

The lens in the aged is greatly increased


in sagittal width compared with that in
childhood .
The Lens

This histological section shows the anterior


surface of the lens near to the equator
The Lens

Lens fibers are hexagonal in shape and lie


in layers rather like the skin of an onion .
The Lens

THE NORMAL LENS,


ITS DEVELOPMENT
The Lens

Zonular Cataract
The Lens

Zonular Cataract As Seen


With Red Reflex
The Lens

Immature Senile Cortical


Cataract
The Lens

Immature Senile Cortical


Cataract
The Lens

Senile Nuclear Cataract


The Lens

Hypermature Morgagnian
Senile Cortical Cataract
The Lens

Subluxated Cataractus Lens


The Lens

Anterior Dislocation of
Clear Lens
The Lens

Anterior Dislocation of
Clear Lens
The Lens

Opacified Posterior Capsule


( After Cataract )
The Lens

Marfan’s syndrome is a dominantly inherited disorder


which affects the eye, skeleton and cardiovascular system
and is due to a deficiency of fibrillin, a component of the
microfibrillary system associated with elastin and encoded
on chromosome 15 q . The lens tends to dislocate upwards
(in contrast to homocystinuria).
The Lens

Lens subluxation
The Lens

This diagram illustrates the different morphological


characteristics of cataract together with their depth and
location within the lens. The following illustrations
demonstrate clinical examples of these anatomical entities.
The Lens

Capsular cataract
The Lens

Subcapsular Catarct
The Lens

Subcapsular Catarct
The Lens

Senile posterior subcapsular


cataract
The Lens

Senile posterior subcapsular


cataract
The Lens

Traumatic cataract
The Lens

punctate cataract
The Lens

Coronary cataract
The Lens

Coronary cataract
The Lens

Nuclear Cataract
The Lens

lamellar cataract
( zonular
The Lens

lamellar cataract
( zonular cataract )
The Lens

Nuclear Cataract
The Lens

Nuclear Cataract
(brown cataract)
The Lens

Posterior Subcapsular Cataract


The Lens

Mature Senile Cataract


The Lens

Intumescent Cataract
The Lens

Hypermature cataract
(morgagnian cataract)
The Lens

Unilateral Congenital
Cataract Childhood
The Lens

Congenital lameller cataract


The Lens

Congenital nuclear cataract


The Lens

Congenital nuclear cataract


The Lens

Congenital lamellar cataract


The Lens

Congenital lamellar cataract


The Lens

Congenital sutural cataract


The Lens

Congenital anteruir polar


cataract
The Lens

Congenital anterior polar


pyramidal cataract
The Lens

Congenital anterior polar cataract &


persistent pupillary membrane
The Lens

Congenital posterior polar


cataract
The Lens

Congenital blue dot opacities


The Lens

Membranous Cataract
The Lens

Coloboma of the lens


The Lens

Posterior lenticouns
The Lens

Anterior lenticonus
The Lens

Microphakia
The Lens

Microspherophakic lens dislocated


into the anterior chamber
The Lens

Upward lens subluxation in


Marfan syndrome
The Lens

Upward lens subluxation in


Marfan syndrome
The Lens

Inferior lens subluxation in


homocysteinuria
The Lens

Anterior subcapsular cataract


The Lens

Nuclear catarct
The Lens

Nuclear cataract
The Lens

Advanced cortical cataract


The Lens

Mature cataract
The Lens

Hypermature cataract with wrinkling


of the anterior lens capsule
The Lens

Morgagnian cataract
The Lens

Diabetic cataract
The Lens

Anterior Subcapsular Cataract


The Lens

Posterior subcapsular cataract


The Lens

Mature catract
The Lens

Cataract caused by severe


penetrating trauma
The Lens

Vossious ring after severe


blunt trauma
The Lens

Flower-shaped cataract caused


by severe blunt trauma
The Lens

Anterior subcapsular opacities in


chronic anterior uveitis.
The Lens

Advanced cataract and posterior


synechiae in chronic anterior uveitis
The Lens

Anterior capsular opacity following


acute angle-closure glaucoma
(glaukomflecken).
The Lens

MANAGEMENT
OF CATARACT

Extracapsular cataract
extraction extraction
The Lens

MANAGEMENT
OF CATARACT

Extracapsular cataract
extraction
The Lens

MANAGEMENT
OF CATARACT

Phacoemulsificatication
Cat ara ct Su rge ry
& I ts
Co mp lic at ion s
The Lens

Lensectomy-vitrectomy
The Lens

Use of intraocular scissors


and forceps
The Lens

(a) : advanced congenital cataract;


(b): appearance after lensectomy.
The Lens

Capsular opacification following


congenital cataract surgery.
The Lens

Soemmerring ring following


congenital cataract surgery.
The Lens

Aphakic Glasses
The Lens

Corneal Edema
The Lens

After Cataract

Soft lens matter remains the anterior


chamber following inadequate
removal of cortex
The Lens

Pupillary distortion

Vitreous loss with entrapment in the


wound and distortion of the pupil.
The Lens

Uveitis
The Lens

Iris Prolapse
The Lens

Astigmatism
The Lens

Opicified posterior capsule


The Lens

Yag laser capsulotomy


The Lens

Decentralization of intraocular
lens
The Lens

Iris capture of a posterior


chamber implant
The Lens

Posterior Synechiae
The Lens

Cystoid Macular Edema


The Lens

Nuclear material in the vitreous


The Lens

lris prolapse
The Lens

Striate keratopathy following


cataract extraction
The Lens

Very severe keratopathy


following cataract extraction
The Lens

Fibrinous exudation in severe


acute endophthalmitis
The Lens

Fibrinous exudation and hypopyon


in severe acute endophthalmitis
The Lens

Vitreous haze in acute


endophthalmitis
The Lens

Small hypopyon
The Lens

Retained lens material in the


anterior chamber
The Lens

fibrosis of the posterior capsule


The Lens

Technique of Nd : YAG
laser capsulotomy
The Lens

Decentration of a posterior
chamber intraocular implant
The Lens

Severe keratopathy caused by an


anterior chamber intraocular implant
The Lens

Late dislocation of a posterior


chamber intraocular implant
(sunset syndrome)
The Lens

Mutton-fat keratic precipitates in


chronic postoperative endophthalmitis
The Lens

White plaque on the posterior


capsule in chronic postoperative
endophthalmitis
Glaucoma
Glucoma

Goldmann Applanation
Tonometer
Glucoma

Goldmann 3 Mirror Contact


Lens
Glucoma

Gonioscopy Showing Peripheral


Anterior Synechia
Glucoma

Histology of Optic Nerve Head


Glucoma

Histology of Glaucomatous
Optic Cup
Glucoma

Bilateral Glaucomatous Cupping


Glucoma

Advanced Glaucomatous Cupping


( Post Glaucomatous Optic Atrophy )
Glucoma

Bjerrum Screen
Glucoma

Goldmann Perimeter
Glucoma

Automated Field Analyzer


Glucoma

Normal Arrangement & Distribution


of Retinal Nerve Fibers
Glucoma

Concentric Contraction of
Visual Feild
Glucoma

Concentric Contraction of
Visual Feild
Glucoma

Concentric Contraction of
Visual Feild
Glucoma

Concentric Contraction of Peripheral Field,


Arcuate Scotoma & Ronne Nasal Step
Glucoma

Siedle Scotoma in
Cause of Glaucoma
Glucoma

Baring of Blind Spot, Field


Contraction in Cause of Glaucoma
Glucoma

Halos Around Light and Fronto-Temporal


Headach Indicating Prodromal Stage of
Acute Congestive Glaucoma
Glucoma

Corneal Oedema Indicating


Acute Congestive Glaucoma
Glucoma

Peripheral Iridectomy & Patches


of Iris Atrophy After Acute
Congestive Glaucoma
Glucoma

Subscleral Trabeculectomy,
With Peripheral Iridectomy
Glucoma

Congenital Glaucoma
( Buphthalmos )
Glucoma

Rubeosis Iridis
Retina
Retina

Direct Ophthalmoscope
Retina

Indirect Ophthalmoscope
Retina

Fundus Biomicroscopy Using


Contact or Non Contact
Lens ( Rhuby Lens )
Retina

Central Retinal Artery


Occlusion (Cherry Red Spot)
Retina

Central Retinal Artery


Occlusion (Cherry Red Spot)
Retina

Lower Temporal Branch


Artery Occlusion
Retina

Central Retinal Vein


Occlusion
Retina

Lower Temporal Branch


Vein Occlusion
Retina

Lower Trunk Vein


Occlusion
Retina

Atherosclerosis &
Benign Hypertension
Retina

Malignant Hypertension
With Macular Star
Retina

Malignant Hypertension,
Macular Star & Papilledima
Retina

Non Proliferative Diabetic


Retinopathy Without Maculopathy
Retina

Non Proliferative Diabetic


Retinopathy With Maculopathy
Retina

Non Proliferative Diabetic


Retinopathy With Maculopathy
Retina

Non Proliferative Diabetic


Retinopathy With Maculopathy
Retina

Background Diabetic Retinopathy


With Maculopathy & Circinate
Appearance of Hard Exudates
Retina

Preproliferative Diabetic
Retinopathy
Retina

Proliferative Diabetic
Retinopathy
Retina

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy


With Vitreous Hemorrhage
Retina

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy


With Preretinal Gliosis
Retina

Retinitis Proliferans
Retina

Xenon Arc Photocoagulation


Retina

Argan Laser Photocoagulation


Retina

Retinal Tear Surrounded by Xenon


Arc Laser Photocoagulation
Retina

Rhegmatogenous Retinal
Detachment
Retina

Scleral Buckling Procedure


(As Seen From Outside)
Retina

Scleral Buckling Procedure


(As Seen From Inside)
Retina

Retinitis Pigmentosa
Optic Nerve
Optic Nerve

Bilateral Early Papilloedema


Optic Nerve

Bilateral Early Papilloedema


Optic Nerve

Bilateral Established
Papilloedema
Optic Nerve

Bilateral Advanced
Papilloedema
Optic Nerve

Bilateral Advanced
Papilloedema
Optic Nerve

Bilateral Advanced
Papilloedema
Optic Nerve

Unilateral Enlargement of Blind


Spot in Cause of Papillitis
Optic Nerve

Unilateral Enlargement of Blind


Spot in Cause of Papillitis
Optic Nerve

Secondary Optic Atrophy


Optic Nerve

Secondary Optic Atrophy


Optic Nerve

Consecutive Optic Atrophy


With Macular Scar
Optic Nerve

Consecutive Optic Atrophy


With Macular Scar
Optic Nerve

Papillitis
Optic Nerve

Papillitis
Optic Nerve

Primary Optic Atrophy


Optic Nerve

Primary Optic Atrophy


Optic Nerve

Post Glaucomatous Optic


Atrophy
Squint
&Errors of
Refraction
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Retinoscopy
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Temporal Myopic Crescent


in High Myopia
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Myopic Fundus Degeneration


(In High Myopia)
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Synoptophore
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Maddox Rod
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Maddox Wing
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Left Manifest Convergent


Squint (Infantile Esotropia)
Squint & Errors of Refraction

Left Superior Rectus Paresis


Squint & Errors of Refraction

Left Sex Nerve Palsy


(Lateral Rectus Paralysis)
{ Paralytic Convergent
Orbit
& Eye Injuries
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hertel’s Exophthalmometer
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Bilateral Dysthyroid
Ophthalmopathy (Irritative Stage)
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Bilateral Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy


(Infiltrative & Restrictive Stage)
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Bilateral Swelling of Palpebral


Part of Lacrimal Gland
With S-shaped Deformity
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Chemical Burn (Alkali Burn)


Orbit & Eye Injuries

Black Eye With Subconjunctival


& Subcutaneous Hemorrhage
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Corneal Abrasion With +ve


Fluorescine Stain As Seen By
Cobalt Filter By Slit Light Lamp
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Corneal Abrasion With +ve


Fluorescine Stain As Seen By
Cobalt Filter By Slit Light Lamp
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Traumatic Iridodialysis With


D-shaped Pupil
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hyphaema
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hyphaema
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hyphaema
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hyphaema
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Hyphaema
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Scleral Rupture With


Ciliary Prolapse
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Corneal Rupture With


Traumatic Iris Prolapse
Orbit & Eye Injuries

Impacted Extraocular
Corneal Foreign Body
Tumors
Tumors

Leukocoria In Child With


Convergent Squint, Retinoblastoma
Until Proved Otherwise
Tumors

Retinoblastoma
Tumors

Malignant Melanoma of
Choroid With Secondary
Retinal Detachment
‫الختام‬
‫ها قد وصلنا إلى نهاية هذا العمل‬
‫المتواضع والذي نرجو من الله عز‬
‫وجل أن يكون علي المستوى‬
‫المطلوب ‪ ،‬وأن ينال رضي الله عز‬
‫وجل ورضاكم ‪ ،‬وأن ينفعكم به وأن‬
‫يكون عامل على زيادة درجاتكم‬
‫وتحصيلكم في المواد المختلفة‪.‬‬
‫وانتظروا أعمالنا القادمة‪....‬‬
‫قريبا بإذن الله‪...‬‬
The End

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