GOVT. GIRLS SR. SEC.

SCHOOL,BASTI
SHEIKH,JALANDHAR
 PROJECT ON NETWORK

SUBMITTED BY :
SANA,SHEETAL,NEHA.
WHAT IS COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network means
interconnection of two or more computers
by communication medium that are
connected to share the information and
resources. The computers in a network
are connected by several communication
mediums like telephone lines, coaxial
cables etc. The system or node on the
network can be connected in number of
ways that is defined by ‘TOPOLOGY’.
 ADVANTAGES OF NETWORK
The Advantages of NETWORK can be summarized as:
Sharing : The network enables to share all data and
programs along with different resources irrespective of
physical location of the resource and the user.
Communication medium: The networks provide very
fast and effective communication mediums.
File integrity: The file transfer and sharing is very
frequent and immediate file updating in networks. Thus
maintains the integrity of file and saves time.
Cost effective: The network allow to share the
resources of expensive peripheral devices like printers.
Thus decreasing the overall cost of the system.
5. Reliable: The network provides the reliability by
providing multiple sources of supply.
6. Greater flexibility: Networks provide greater flexibility
because of possibility to connect devices from various
vendors.
7. Backup : It is easier to backup the files from the central
file server instead of from the scattered workstation
8.Security: Networks provides security measures so as to
ensure that the network user may only have access to
certain files and applications.
 COMPONENTS OF NETWORK
 CLIENT or NODE:A client or node means computer
that is attached to a network for resource sharing.
 SERVER: A server is a computer that helps or controls
the sharing information and resources on the network.
 NETWORK INTERFACE CARD: A network interface
unit is card that should be present on each and every
client and server. This card basically establishes the
communication connection between the server and
nodes.
 COMMUNICATION CHANNEL: The communication
channel refers to the connecting wires. This can be
actual physical wires or transmission through air.
 NETWORK TOPOLOGY
There are number of network topologies but
most common are: STAR, RING and BUS
topology.
The selection of these topologies totally
depends on three factors:
 Number of nodes on the network
 Performance
 Reliability and Expandability.
 STAR TOPLOGY
In star topology ,all computers are placed around a central
hub. The hub controls the communication between the
computers and other hubs. The computers communicate
with each other through hub and not directly. The nodes
can only be about 100 meters far from the hub.
 RING TOPOLOGY
In RING Topology ,all computers are connected logically in the form of
a ring i.e. each node is connected to two other nodes, one on either
side, for communication. There is no master node or hub in these
networks for controlling the communication. On receiving the data,
each machine checks the address attached to it. If it is for that
machine then it takes the data otherwise simply discard it.
 BUS TOPOLOGY
A bus topology consists of a shared bus on which all other
computers and other devices are attached. A device who wants to
communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast
message on shared bus. All other devices on the network can see
the message but only the intended receiver will actually accept and
process the message.