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Objectives
Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device
Examine the most common Network Layer protocol, Internet Protocol (IP), and its features for providing connectionless and best-effort service Understand the principles used to guide the division or grouping of devices into networks Understand the hierarchical addressing of devices and how this allows communication between networks Understand the fundamentals of routes, next hop addresses and packet forwarding to a destination network
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Network Layer Protocols and Internet Protocol (IP) IP is a Connectionless System. Destination device is not contacted before packet is sent.
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Network Layer Protocols and Internet Protocol (IP) The Source and Destination IP address are added at Layer 3 Packet Encapsulation.
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The Default Gateway Address is used to find the router LAN interface. If your Default Gateway Address is incorrect you can still connect to LAN Local devices but not Outside of your LAN (Internet).
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Router will forward any unknown IP address to the Next Hop address 192.168.2.2
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Dynamic Routes are learned routes dynamically from other routers. Static Routes are manually created by the Network Administrator.
Example: C(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
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Summary
What do Routers use to forward data packets. -Destination Network Address What information is added Encapsulated at Layer 3: Network Layer? - Source/Destination IP addresses. What is a Connectionless System? - Destination device is not contacted before packet is sent. What Network Layer address is used to forward packets? - Network portion only. 192.5.5.0 not 192.5.5.10 (Host # included) Purpose of the Default Gateway? IDs the device router to communicate with other networks (Internet)
ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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