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Foreword
The BTS3900 developed by Huawei is an indoor macro BTS. The BTS3900 mainly consists of the BBU and DRFU.
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References
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Objectives
Know the application scenarios of BTS3900 Grasp the hardware structure of BTS3900 Grasp the functions of the modules Master typical configuration of BTS3900 Know the networking topology of BTS3900
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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Location of BTS3900
Um Interface MS BTS3900 BSC A Interface MS MSC/VLR MAP BTS3900 TUP,ISUP PSTN ISDN PSPDN
HLR/AUC/EIR SMC/VM
MS: Mobile Station HLR: Home Location Register MSC: Mobile Switching Center VM: Voice Mailbox
BTS: Base Transceiver Station AUC: Authentication Center VLR: Visitor Location Register OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center
BSC: Base Station Controller EIR: Equipment Identity Register SMC: Short Message Center
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It supports the Abis IP/FE interface in hardware and enables Abis over IP through software upgrade if required
It supports transmit diversity and PBT It supports 2-antenna and 4-antenna receive diversity to improve the uplink coverage
It is developed on the basis of the unified BTS platform for Huawei wireless products and enables the smooth evolution from 2G to 3G
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When the GRFU is configured, a BTS3900 can support a maximum of 36 carriers in the maximum cell configuration of S12/12/12. In addition, a site configured with the BTS3900s can support a maximum of 72 carriers in the maximum cell configuration of S24/24/24
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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600mm(Width)*450mm(Depth)* 900mm(Height)
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Fan box GSM antenna and TMA control module Baseband unit Direct current distribution unit
-48V Cabinet
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page11
Fan box GSM antenna and TMA control module Baseband unit Direct current distribution unit Power supply unit +24V or 220VAC Cabinet
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page12
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Contents
2. BTS3900 Hardware Components
2.1 BBU Unit 2.2 RF Unit 2.3 Power module & Components
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BBU
The typical power consumption of BBU is 35W The weight of the BBU is 12 kg at most
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BSBC: The universal BBU Subrack Backplane type C GTMU: The GSM Transmission, Timing and Management Unit UBFA: The Universal BBU Fan unit type A UPEU: The Universal Power and Environment interface Unit UELP: The Universal E1/T1 Lightning Protection unit UEIU: The Universal Environment Interface Unit
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BSBC Board
The BSBC provides slot 6 for the GTMU, slot 7 for a main control board that supports 3G, and slots 0 to 5 as common slots. The GTMU is 1 U high. Therefore, from the view of the front panel, the GTMU is located in slots 5 and 6 Provide backplane interfaces, communication channels, distribute clock signal and +12V power supply for the other boards
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GTMU
The GSM Transmission, Timing, and Management Unit for BBU (GTMU) controls and manages the entire BTS. It provides interfaces related to the reference clock, power monitoring, OM, and external alarm collection.
Distributes and manages BTS clock signals Provides the Ethernet port for terminal maintenance Supports four routes of E1 inputs Provides the CPRI ports for communication with the DRFU
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GTMU Ports
Label CPRI0CPRI5 ETH FE0 Connector Type SFP RJ45 RJ45 Description Ports for the communication between the BBU and the RF module; support input and output of the optical and electrical signal . Port for local maintenance and commissioning A reserved port that performs the following function: Connects the BBU to a routing device in the equipment room through the Ethernet cable to transmit network information. A reserved port that performs the following function: Connects the BBU to a routing device in the equipment room through the optical cable to transmit network information. A reserved port that performs the following function: Enables the automatic software upgrade from a USB disk. Provides a reference clock for the tester.
FE1
DLC
USB USB
DB26 female
Provides the input and output of the four E1/T1 signals between the GTMU and the UELP or between the GTMU and the BSC.
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GTMU Indicators
LED Color ON OFF RUN Green ON for 1s, OFF for 1s Status The board is faulty. No power supply is available or the board is faulty. The board is operational. Description
ACT
Green
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UELP
UELP is the E1/T1 signal lightening protection unit of BBU and it can provide protection for 4 route E1/T1 signal
GTMU
Port INSIDE
Description Transfers the four E1/T1 signals between the UELP and the GTMU Provides the input and output of the four E1/T1 signals between the BBU and the BSC
OUTSIDE
DB26 male
E1/T1 cable
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UPEU
The universal power and environment interface unit (UPEU) supports the 48V /-24V DC power input, supplies power to the boards, modules, and fan
MON0 RJ45 MON1 RJ45 EXTALM0 EXTALM1 PWR RJ45 RJ45 3V3
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UEIU
UEIU is the environment interface board of BBUit can support multi-route monitoring signal input
UEIU is optional and is only used when more ports are needed
EXTALM0
EXTALM1
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Monitoring System
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USCU
The Universal Satellite Card and Clock Unit (USCU) is compatible with six types of satellite card, provides absolute timing information and the 1 Pulse Per Second (PPS) reference clock for the main control board, and provides the RGPS ports and BITS port.
Description Used for receiving GPS signals Used for receiving RGPS signals
Connected to the BITS clock; supporting adaptive input of the 2.048 MHz and 10 MHz clocks
Used for testing the clock
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UBFA
The universal BBU fan unit type A (2U) (UBFA) works with the air inlet box of the cabinet to form a ventilation circuit, thus cooling the entire cabinet
The UBFA module communicates with the GTMU to regulate the temperature, adjust the fan speed, and report alarms. The UBFA module is hot swappable
Label Color Status 0.125s ON, 0.125s OFF (Green) STATE Red /Green 1s ON, 1s OFF (Green) 1s ON, 1s OFF (Red) OFF Description The module is not registered, and no alarm is reported. The module is running properly. The module is reporting alarms. The module is powered off or the program is not loaded.
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BBU cables connection between BBU, BSC, RFU and Auxiliary equipment
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Please fill the boards name in the blank of the BBU panel
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Contents
2. BTS3900 Hardware Components
2.1 BBU Unit 2.2 RF Unit 2.3 Power module and Components
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RF Unit
RF Unit handles modulation and demodulation between baseband signals and RF signals, data processing, and combining-distribution. There are two kinds RF Unit, DRFU and GRFU
One GSM Radio Frequency Unit (GRFU) provides a maximum of six TRXs.
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One double radio filter unit (DRFU) provides two TRXs The DRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband signals and RF signals, processes data, and combines and divides signals
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The DRFU consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal processing unit, power amplifier, and dual-duplexer
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CPRI port
Used in connection to the BBU, or in connection to the upper-level cascaded DRFU Used in connection to the lower-level cascaded DRFU Input port for diversity signals in antenna channel 1 Output port of diversity signals in antenna channel 1 Input port for diversity signals in antenna channel 2 Output port of diversity signals in antenna channel 2 Receives power input
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On (red)
On for 1s Off for 1s (red) On (green)
CPRI1
Red Green
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Question
If the VSWR is always on, what does it mean? Can you describe the Impact on the system and the reasons?
It means only ANT1 have VSWR Alarm. Once the alarm is generated, the service carried by the TRX is totally interrupted.
The reasons list as following:
The VSWR of the antenna system is too high. The connection between the output port of the TRX and the feeder is improper. The antenna system is not in connection for the DRFU. The DRFU is faulty. Data configuration in BSC is incorrect.
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Contents
2. BTS3900 Hardware Components
2.1 BBU Unit 2.2 RF Unit 2.3 Power module and Components
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Receiving -48 V DC power input Distributing the -48 V DC power of 10 outputs for boards and modules in the cabinet Providing surge protection of 10 kA in differential mode and 15 kA in common mode and providing dry contact for surge protection failure
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The power subrack (AC/DC) consists of the PMU, PSU (AC/DC) and the wiring unit of the power subrack (220 V).
The power subrack (AC/DC) converts the 220 V AC power to the 48 V DC power.
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The Power and Environment Monitoring Unit (PMU) provides a comprehensive function of power supply management, power distribution check, and alarm reporting.
Communicates with the GTMU through the RS232/RS422 serial port Manages the power system and the battery charging and discharging Detects and reports monitoring signals
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
LEDs Power supply test ports RS232/RS422 ports Battery control switch COM port
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Ports of PMU
Ports
RS232/RS422 port
Function
Used in communication with the central processing unit The battery switch has two control ports ON and OFF, which are used for switching on and switching off the battery Press and hold the port ON for 5-10 seconds to switch on the battery Press and hold the port OFF for 5-10 seconds to switch off the battery Two power supply test holes -48V and 0V are available for measurement through an ordinary multi-meter
Battery switch
COM port
Backplane port
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Converting 220 V AC power to -48 V DC power and supplying -48 V DC power to the DCDU
1 2 3
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The power subrack (DC/DC) provides access for the external +24 V DC. In the power subrack, it contain two components, PSUs
PSUs (DC/DC) convert the +24 V DC power into the -48 V DC power, and then leads the -48 V DC power to the DCDU-01 over
the power cable through the wiring unit of the power subrack.
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Converting +24 V DC power to -48 V DC power and leading the -48 V DC power to the DCDU
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The BTS3900 cabinet can use three types of power inputs, namely, -48 V DC, +24 V DC, and 220 V AC
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When the external +24 V DC power or +220V AC power is used, PSUs and a cable in/out unit are configured in the cabinet. The PSUs convert
the external power into the -48 V DC power and supply the -48 V DC
power to the DCDU Then, the DCDU distributes the -48 V DC power to each module in the cabinet
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This is the power distribution when a -48 V DC cabinet is stacked on a +24 V DC cabinet or +220V AC cabinet. The PSUs convert the external
+24 V DC or +220VAC power into the -48 V DC power and supply -48 V
DC power to the DCDUs in both cabinets. Then, the DCDUs distribute the -48 V DC power to the modules in both cabinets
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The GSM antenna and TMA control module (GATM) is a module that controls the antenna and TMA. The GATM is optional when the DRFU module is configured.
Controls the RET antenna Feeds power to the TMA Reports the RET control alarm signals Monitors the current from the feeder
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Providing power for the antenna Used in connection to the BBU Providing the extended RS485 port to be cascaded with other devices
-48 V
7W2
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The FAN unit, also called the fan box module, dissipates the heat in the cabinet. One FAN unit has four independent fans.
Detects the temperature Communicates with BBU unit to report alarms and the adjusted rotation speed of the fans to BBU
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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The signal flow of the BTS3900 consists of the traffic signal flow and the signaling flow of the BTS.
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The DL traffic signal flow is transmitted from the BSC to the MS through the BTS3900. The BBU and RFUs work together to
Opposite to the DL traffic signal flow, the UL traffic signal flow is transmitted from the MS to the BSC through the BTS3900. The
BS C BBU E 1
DRFU
R F
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Signaling Flow
This describes the BTS3900 signaling flow on the Abis interface. The BBU serves as the control unit and works with the RFUs to process the signaling.
BSC
BBU
CPRI
DRFU
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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Contents
4. Configurations of the BTS3900
4.1 Configuration Principle 4.2 Antenna Mode 4.3 Transmit Mode and Receive Mode 4.4 Typical Configuration
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The DRFU supports a maximum of two carriers and it is applicable to small- and middle-capacity scenarios
Wide coverage is preferred. The DRFU supports the PBT, TX diversity, and 4-way RX diversity mode. Therefore, the DRFU can be applied to wide-coverage scenarios
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One dual-polarized antenna can serve a maximum of two RFUs. By default, RX diversity is adopted on the GSM network. That is, two feeders connected to two single-polarized antennas or one dual-polarized antenna must be configured in a cell.
number of antennas.
For the 2-way RX diversity, each cell has two antenna channels; for the 4-way RX diversity, each cell has four antenna channels.
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A single DRFU does not support the S1/1 application; however, three DRFUs support the S3/3 application
When only DRFU are configured, One BTS3900 can support a maximum of 12 carriers in the maximum cell configuration of S4/4/4. A site configured with the BTS3900s can support a maximum of 36 carriers in the maximum cell
configuration of S12/12/12
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Contents
4. Configurations of the BTS3900
4.1 Configuration Principle 4.2 Antenna Mode 4.3 Transmit Mode and Receive Mode 4.4 Typical Configuration
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Single Feeder
Single Feeder (1TX + 1RX), for one DRFU configuration Single Feeder (1TX + 2RX), for two DRFUs configuration
Double Feeder
Double Feeder (1TX + 1RX), for one DRFU configuration Double Feeder (1TX + 2RX), for one DRFU configuration Double Feeder (2TX + 2RX), for one DRFU configuration Double Feeder (2TX + 4RX), for two DRFUs configuration
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Signal Feeder
TX/RX TX/RX TX/RX
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Double Feeder
TX RX TX/RX
RX
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Double Feeder
TX/RX TX/RX TX/RX RX RX TX/RX
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Contents
4. Configurations of the BTS3900
4.1 Configuration Principle 4.2 Antenna Mode 4.3 Transmit Mode and Receive Mode 4.4 Typical Configuration
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2 TRXs and 2 duplexers are integrated in DRFU module which can be connected to antenna directly
The RX_IN and RX_OUT port of DRFU can support the receiving signal interconnection between 2 DRFUs, so that the 2 DRFUs can share different feeders
DUP
ANTA
CPRI-0
ANTB DUP
CPRI-1
RX-IN
RX_OUT
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Transmit Independency
In transmit independency mode, TRX0 occupies channel A while TRX1 occupies channel B
CPRI0
DUP
ANT1
CPRI1
DUP
ANT2
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Transmit Combining
In transmit combining modethe two TRXs are combined and transmitted through channel A
CPRI0
DUP
ANT1
CPRI1
DUP
ANT2
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PBT
In PBT mode, only the TRX0 can work PBT mode can improve the transmitting power In PBT modeonly channel A is used by downlink signal
CPRI0
DUP
ANT1
CPRI1
DUP
ANT2
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Dynamic PBT
Dynamic PBT is a mode based on the operation of timeslots, compared with static PBT, it brings the balance between capacity and coverage and does not cause the 50% decrease of capacity The subscriber occupies a TS under the detection of measure report. When the quality is lower than a threshold, the same No. of TS of the adjacent TRX will be used as the secondary TS by the subscriber to start PBT. (The former subscriber in the secondary TS will handover) When the quality is higher than a threshold, the PBT will be canceled and the secondary TS will be released
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No signal
Signal quality
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Transmit Diversity
In Transmit diversity mode, only the TRX0 can work Transmit diversity mode improves the quality of downlink signal
In Transmit diversity modethe signal from the TRX0 is divided to 2 channels and be transmitted through ANTA and ANTB
CPRI0
DUP
ANT1
CPRI1
DUP
ANT2
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Question
When configuring Transmit Mode, Transmit Independency or Combining can be chosen. How can we know whether
It will be decided by antenna mode. When 2 TRXs are used in one DRFU,
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In this modeboth of the 2 TRXs can work Each TRX receives the signal from 2 feeders In the following figurethe TRX gets the receiving signal from channel A and B of
It is also possible for TRX to share the receiving channels with another DRFU
CPRI0
DUP
ANT1
CPRI1
DUP
If only one ANT channel is used, TRX can also use the ANT channel of other DRFU through RX-in to ensure 2 way receiving
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In this mode, only the first TRX can work The working TRXs get the uplink signals from 4 ANT ports of 2 DRFUs
Cable connection for sharing the receiving signals
CPRI0 CPRI1
DUP DUP
CPRI0 CPRI1
DUP DUP
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Contents
4. Configurations of the BTS3900
4.1 Configuration Principle 4.2 Antenna Mode 4.3 Transmit Mode and Receive Mode 4.4 Typical Configuration
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S1 Configuration
S1 Configuration
S2 Configuration
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S2 Configuration
TX mode: PBT
S3/S4 Configuration
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S5/S6 Configuration
Combining
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S7/S8 Configuration
Combining
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S3/3 Configuration
Combining
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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The star topology applies to common areas, especially densely populated areas, such as cities
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The chain topology applies to sparsely populated areas in striplike terrain, such as areas along highways and railway tracks
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The tree topology applies to areas where network structures, site distribution, and subscriber distribution are complicated
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The ring topology applies to common scenarios. Due to its strong self-healing capability, the ring topology is preferred if permitted by the routing If there is a breaking point in the ring, the ring breaks into two chains at the breaking point automatically. In this way, the BTSs preceding and following the breaking point can work normally despite the breaking point; thus improving the robustness of the system
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Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components 3. BTS3900 Signal Flow 4. BTS3900 Configuration 5. BTS3900 Network 6. GRFU Introduction
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Introduction of GRFU
GRFU is based on multi-carrier technology, one GRFU can support six TRXs at most.
Inner Bias-Tee. Integration of feeder current to TMA. Provides power sharing. Improves the network coverage,
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Multi-carrier Technology
The principle of multi-carrier technology: multiple carriers share one power amplifier and one RF channel. Baseband pool replaced independent baseband unit. Improve the integration. Digital IF combination replaced Analog RF combination. There isnt combination loss.
Single-carrier Technology
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Multi-carrier Technology
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Ports of GRFU
Port Type Port for transceiving RF signals Label ANT_RXB ANT_TX/RXA CPRI0 CPRI CPRI1 Connector Type DIN connector DIN connector SFP female connector SFP female connector QMA female connector QMA female connector Description
Connecting to the BBU, or the upper-level RFU during the cascading. Connecting to the lower-level RFU during the cascading. Input port of diversity signals in the antenna channel. Output port of diversity signals in the antenna channel. Feeding power. Monitoring port.
RX_INB
RX_OUTA
PWR MON
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LEDs of GRFU
LED Color Status ON OFF RUN Green 1s ON 1s OFF Description The power input is normal, but the module is faulty. There is no power supply, or the module is faulty. The module is running properly. The software is being loaded to the module. A fault alarm is generated. No alarm is generated. The module is functional and is correctly connected to the BBU. The connection with the BBU is not set up. No VSWR alarm is generated. The VSWR alarm is generated on the ANT_TX/RX port.
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LEDs of GRFU
ON (Green) CPRI0 Red Green ON (Red) 1s ON 1s OFF (Red) ON (Green) CPRI1 Red Green ON (Red) 1s ON, 1s OFF (Red) The CPRI link is normal. The interface module fails to receive signals.
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Rx_2 in
RX_OUTA lower Rx_2 out Non existence
Monitoring port
MON
existence
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Configuration
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Limitation of GRFU
If the frequency interval of a cell is outside the range of 15MHz, 2 GRFUs can be considered to be used and the range of frequency for each GRFU also should be within15MHz.
Generally, it is suggested that the number of carriers should be set to 2 GRFUs averagely if 2 GRFUs are used in a cell. For example: S8 should be configured as 4+4 when 2 GRFU are used.
GRFU supports whole frequency band of PGSM 900MHz, high 45MHz frequency band and low 45MHz frequency band of DCS1800MHz.
GRFU Whole 25MHz frequency band of 900MHz Low 45MHz of 1800MHz High 45MHz of 1800MHz DL 935-960MHz 1805-1850MHz 1835-1880MHz UL 890-915MHz 1710-1755MHz 1740-1785MHz
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The DRFU and GRFU can be configured in the same cabinet. When the GRFU is configured, a single BTS3900 provides a
One GRFU does not serve two cells. Each cell with a single antenna can be configured with a maximum of two GRFUs.
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S2-S6 Configuration
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S7-S12 Configuration
antenna(1TX+2RX)
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DRFUGRFU Configuration
DRFUGRFU Configuration
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DRFUGRFU Configuration
DRFUGRFU Configuration
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Summary
BTS3900 functions and features BTS3900 hardware structure and components Working mode, configuration principles, RF cable configurations, typical configurations
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Thank you
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