Alazhar group

Theory Of Islam In malay world

PREPARED BY:
ADEL YAHYA ISA (Group leader ) SADEQ ALI QASEM JAMA ARTAN JAMA ( secretary) FARAH ABDINUR ZAKARYA YAHYA ABDIRASHID AHMED

Islam is the official religion of Malaysia, and the Government actively promotes the spread of Islam in the country and its friendship with other Muslim countries. According to the Population and Housing Census 2000 figures, approximately 60.4 percent of the population practised Islam; 19.2 percent Buddhism; 9.1 percent Christianity; 6.3 percent Hinduism; and the remainder are other faiths, including animism, folk religion, and Sikhism .

All ethnic Malays are Muslim (100%) as defined by Article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia, there are also substantial numbers of Indian Muslims and a few numbers of ethnic Chinese converts. As required by Malaysian law and defined in the Constitution of Malaysia, a Malay would surrender his ethnic status if he were not Muslim.

The coming of Islam in Malaysia

The period of Islamic influence in south-east Asia was, in actual fact, a period of Arabic influence modified by Indian ideas. This was so because Islam came to Malaysia through India and the same type of people who introduced Hinduism in Malaysia at the beginning of the Christian era also introduced Islam to this part of the world.

Conti.
Like its predecessor, Hindu religion and culture, Islam was also synonymous with the Indian trade. Like its predecessor too, the spread of Islam was not the result of any organized missionary movement , rather, it was a gradual and perhaps unconscious assimilation of an Asian religion by Asian peoples who were impressed by the introduction of the first monotheistic religion. Islam was first brought to Malaysia by Indian Muslim traders in the 12th century AD. It is commonly held that Islam first arrived in Malay peninsular since Sultan Muzaffar Shah I (12th century) of Kedah, the first ruler to be known to convert to Islam after being introduced to it by Indian traders who themselves were recent converts

Conti.
By the 15th and 16th centuries it was the majority faith of the Malay people. As in many Muslim countries, Islam in Malaysia has seen a significant revival over the past 10 years or so.
Before the coming of Islam, the indigenous Malays embraced an ancient religion with various forms of belief with some of the population belonging to the Hindu/Buddha religion. Life was structured and arranged in ways that showed the influence of more than one religion. Malacca has big history and it was take part the development of Islamic civilization and there was king called sheng hoe who became Muslim during in 1405 and that shows how Malacca has great roots for Islam and Malay civilization.

Conti
Malacca has big history and it was take part the development of Islamic civilization and there was king called Sheng Hoe who became Muslim during in 1405 and that shows how Malacca has great roots for Islam and Malay civilization.

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Sharia legal system

Parallel to the civil courts, there are Sharia courts which conduct legal matters related to religious (Islam) and (Muslim) family issues. Legal issues like Muslim divorce and Muslim apostasy ( which means the act of giving up your religious or political beliefs and leaving a religion or a political party) are conducted in the Syariah Court. Non-Muslims are not affected by this Sharia Legal System rules.

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IMPORTANT OF MELLAKA
The Malay Malacca kingdom was established by Parameswara in the 15th century. It emerged to be a well-known empire in the Malay sphere. The golden age of the Malay Malacca kingdom was during the reign of Sultan Mansur Syah (14561477). Among the factors that made Malacca supreme and outstanding during the time are: (a) Geographical factors. (b) Economic factors; and (c) Political and administrative factors.

Malacca as a Great Kingdom .

1. The Malay Malacca Sultanate that achieved glory in the 15th century was famous throughout the world as: 2. A vast empire that was stable in its rule, military, control of conquests and laws 3. The Malacca Empire was said to encompass the entire of the Malay Peninsular, the eastern parts of Sumatera. 4. Centre for World Trade Malacca was the diverging point of all Eastern and Western countries, for example those from China, India, Middle East, East Asia and the Malay Archipelago.

Sultans of Melaka
Sultan of Malacca
Parameswara

Reign
1400 1414 1414 1424 1424 1444 1444 1446 1446 1459 1459 1477 1477 1488

(aka Iskandar Shah)

Megat Iskandar Shah Muhammad Shah Abu Syahid Muzaffar Shah Mansur Shah Alauddin Riayat Shah

1. The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted of the Undang-Undang Melaka (Laws of Malacca), variously called the Hukum Kanun Melaka and Risalat Hukum Kanun, and the Undang-Undang Laut Melaka (the Maritime Laws of Malacca). The laws as written in the legal digests went through an evolutionary process. 2. The legal rules that eventually evolved were shaped by three main influences, namely the early nonindigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the indigenous "adat". 3. The Sultanate thrived on entreport trade and became the most important port in Southeast Asia during the 15th and the early 16th century.

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Islamic Kingdom of Aceh

1. Aceh is a special territory of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Nanggre Aceh Darussalam 2. . Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and ACHin. It is thought to have been in Aceh where Islam was first established in Southeast Asia. In the early seventeenth century the Sultanate of Aceh was the most wealthy, powerful and cultivated state in the Malacca Straits region. 3. Aceh has a history of political independence and fierce resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government. Aceh has substantial natural resources, including oil and gas .

Cont..

Evidence concerning the initial coming and subsequent establishment of Islam is thin and inconclusive, however, it is thought that it was through the Aceh region. When Venetian traveller Marco Polo passed by Sumatra on his way home from China in 1292 he found that Perlak was a Muslim town while nearby 'Basma. and 'Samara'Aceh was the closest point of land to the epicenter of the massive 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which triggered a tsunami that devastated much of the western coast of the region, including part of the capital of Banda Aceh. 167,736 Indonesians, the overwhelming majority in Aceh, were killed or missing and 500,000 made homeless.

Malay World View

The Malays in pre-historic times were not isolated from other parts of the world especially from outside of their native areas namely Malay Peninsula and Indonesian Archipelago. They had the relationships with outside world, which in return contributed to the development of their earlier civilization (Braddell, 1989: 296). Because of the ties they developed with outside world it was believed that they must be living in a civilizational milieu and at least had reached certain level of intellectual development. However, it was doubt if foreign civilizations such as Indian civilizations which based on Hinduism-Buddhism could entirely be able to influence them. These ancient Malays must have their own intellectual abilities which enable them to develop their own civilization .

 YouTube - Islam in Malaysia.flv

The Coming of Islam to the Malay World

the history of Islam in Malaysia and Indonesia was . recorded tin almost every writings of the historians. The historians particularly the locals often included the theories and the nature of the islamization of this region in their discussions (Abdullah Ishak, 1995: 120-126, Hashim Musa, 1999: 1-7 and Ismail Hamid, 1985: 17-26). Hence, varied theories on the coming and the propagation of Islam in the Malay world were discussed and argued by the scholars

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Cont
1. However, for the purpose of providing a good foundation to understand the intellectual history of the Malays, some essential ideas regarding this topic must at least be explained in a concise manner. Two important aspects of the islamization are; the coming of Islam, and the propagation of its teaching. While discussing the issue of the islamization of the Malay world

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cont.......... , scholars usually will have to deal with three main problems namely the problem of the original place from where Islam came, the problem of its dates and . the problem of the methods of its arrival and propagation Regarding the issue of the original place, there were various places claimed by scholars from which Islam embarked on its first voyage to Malay Archipelago, namely Arab land, India and China.

Early Chinese Muslims

The national census 2000 shows the number of the Malaysian Chinese Muslims at more than 57000. The Chinese Muslims also known as Hui have had a long history in this region spanning at least 600 years, not only in todays Malaysia. but the whole of the then Malay World. They came from China and settled during the 15th century, to the thousands of Chinese who converted into Islam, the presence and contribution of the Chinese Muslims have unfortunately not been recognized enough by Malaysian historians, scholars and politicians. Indonesian Islamic scholar Hamka wrote in 1961: The development of Islam in Indonesia and Malaya is intimately related

Cont..
1. The formal legal text of traditional the Chinese The presence and contribution of Melaka consisted of the Undang-Undang Melaka (Laws of Malacca), Muslims have unfortunatelyKanun Melaka and not been recognized variously called the Hukum enough by Malaysian historians, scholars and Risalat Hukum Kanun, and the Undang-Undang Laut Melaka Indonesian Islamic scholar Hamka politicians. (the Maritime Laws of Malacca). The laws as written in the legal digests went through an wrote in 1961: The development of Islam in evolutionary process. Early Indonesia and MalayaChinese Muslims related Chinese is intimately 2. The legal rules that eventually evolved were shaped by three main influences, namely the early nonMuslim,

indigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the indigenous "adat". 3. The Sultanate thrived on entreport trade and became the most important port in Southeast Asia during the 15th and the early 16th century. Furthermore, Malacca was as a major player in

Who are the Indian Muslim Indian Muslim traders frequently visited Malaysia as early as the 15th century and began Migrating to Malaysia in the late 19th century Malaysian Indians are a group of Malaysians largely descended from those who migrated from southern India during the British colonization of Malaya. Prior to British colonization, Tamils had been conspicuous in the archipelago much earlier, especially since the period of the powerful South India kingdom of the Cholas in the 11th century. By that time, Tamils were among the most important trading peoples of maritime Asia.

AMasjid India
1. 1.Religion enabled them to gain easier access The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted into the Undang-Undang Melaka (Laws of Malacca), of the Malay settlements to establish their business. It wasthe Hukum Kanun Melaka and variously called the beginning of a long Risalat Hukum Kanun, and the Undang-Undang alliance between the Indian Muslims and Laut Melaka (the Maritime Laws of Malacca). The laws as 2. The Malay community, which has consequently written in their way of life. They came influenced the legal digests went through anto be evolutionary process. Early among Chinese Muslims known as Mamakeventuallythe local people and 2. The legal rules that evolved were shaped the term is frequently used to refer to them by three main influences, namely the early nontoday. indigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the indigenous "adat". 3. Muslims prefer to be called Indian Muslim 3. The Sultanate thrived on entreport trade and rather to be called mamak.(Mamak is a term became the most important the Indian Tamil used in Malaysia to describeport in Southeast Asia during the 15th and the early 16th century. Muslim community andwas as a major player in culture. Most Indian Furthermore, Malacca Muslims consider this term to be pejorative but are

AMasjid India
AMasjid India is the oldest Masjid in Kuala Lumpur. It was built over a century ago by Indian Muslim merchants. The Masjid is a major landmark of Kuala Lumpur. The Masjid has been expanded and renovated several times. About 3,500 Muslims perform the Friday congregational prayer in this three-storey Masjid. The congregation at the Masjid is predominantly of Tamil Muslim origin. The khutbah on Friday is delivered in Tamil.

Centers Of The Malay Islamic Civilization

Pasai, was known as Samudera or SamuderaPasai sometimes it was called Samudera Darussalam, which was a Muslim harbour kingdom on the north coast of Sumatra. from the 13th to 15th centuries CE. It was believed the word Samudera was derived from Samudra meaning ocean in Sanskrit. According to Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai, it was said that Merah Silu saw an ant as big as a cat, he caught it and

ate it and he named the place Samandara.

Centers Of The Malay Islamic Civilization Cont...

King Merah Silu later converted to Islam, known as Malikul

Salih, he was the sultan in year 1267 CE. Pasai exported its culture, and most importantly its language an early form of Malay written in the Jawi alphabet to a number of islands. Later, this language became the lingua franca among traders in what is now Indonesia and Malaysia. Pasai is believed derived from Parsi, Pase or Parsee, immigrants of Parsi-Indian to the west coast of India namely Gujarat, and later to northern Sumatra of today's Aceh province. Arab and Indian Muslims had traded in Indonesia and China for many centuries. A Muslim tombstone in eastern Java bears a date corresponding to 1082.

Centers Of The Malay Islamic Civilization Cont...

But substantial evidence of Islam in Indonesia begins

only in northern Sumatra at the end of the 13th century. Two small Muslim trading kingdoms existed by that time at Pasai and Peureulak or Perlak. A 1297 royal tomb at Samudra is inscribed entirely in Arabic. By the 15th century several harbour kingdoms developed, all ruled by local Muslim princes, from the north coast of Java and elsewhere to as far east as Ternate and Tidore in Maluku. Marco Polo spent five months here, he had Ferlec, Basma, and Samara (Samudera) mentioned in his travel story. Another famous traveler Ibn Battuta on his way to China stayed 15 days at Samudera

Conclusion
Finally

civilization is the most important part among Malaysian people and Malaysian peninsula. Arab traders played important role coming Islam in Malaysia and civilization started many places like Melaka which until today can be seen historic places for civilization and Islam. It was is explained a lot of information including the places where the Islam first time is came in Malaysia and Malacca is one of the most popular places in which the Islam came to Malaysia.

Conclusion Cont
Malay civilization is the most important civilization in this country because handreds of years ago this people took Islam religion so people are now live in prosperity, peace respective and appreciation to each other
The Islam made the Malaysian people in a good society which everyone help and support the each other because (there is a hadith which says ALLAH helps/blesses those who help themselves.

Thank you