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Chapter
1. 2. 3. 4.
A working definition Its cutting edge Research methods Quest for knowledge and rights of individuals
Science involves
Accuracy, objectivity, skepticism, open-mindedness NOT just personal experience, intuition, common sense
We cannot hope to understand how and why people behave in certain ways in social situations without considering their thoughts, memories, intentions, emotions, attitudes, and beliefs The fields major interest lies in understanding the factors that shape the actions and thoughts of individual in social settings
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon
Social Psychology Seeks to Understand the Causes of Social Behavior and Thought
Figure 1.5
Social Psychologist used to be divided into two groups those who were primarily interested in social behaviorhow people act in social situations and those who were primarily interested in social thoughthow people attempt to make sense out of the social world and to understand themselves and others
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon
Figure 1.7
Often take place in an automatic manner, without any conscious thought or intentions on our part Distrust of common sense Research by Pelham, Mirenberg, and Jones (2002)
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon
Figure 1.8
A Brief Look At History: The Origins and Early Development of Social Psychology
How Social Psychologists Answer the Fascinating Questions They Raise: Research as the Route to Increased Knowledge
Naturalistic observation
Systematically observing behavior in natural settings
Survey method
Large numbers of people answer questions about their attitudes or behavior
Correlation: The Search for Relationships correlation refers to a tendency for one
event to change as the other changes Variables are changeable aspects of the natural world Correlational Method: the systematic observation of two or more variables to determine whether changes in one are accompanied by changes in the other
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon
Correlational Method
Allows predictions to be made
A hypothesis is an as yet unverified prediction concerning some aspect of social behavior or social thought. A stronger correlation yields a more accurate prediction
Correlational Method
Correlations range from -1.00 to +1.00 Correlations can be either positive or negative
Figure 1.11
Further Thoughts on Causality: The Role of Mediating Variables affected by an independent variable, and then influences a dependent variable helps explain why or how specific variables influence social behavior or thought in certain ways.
Figure 1.13
Rights of individuals
1. No harm or distress
2. Informed consent
Participants must have as much information as possible about a research project before they decide whether to participate in it
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon
4.Deception
Technique whereby researchers withhold information about the purposes or procedures of a study from their participants
Copyright 2009 Allyn & Bacon