Laundering Techniques

- NIKUNJ MEHTA
Final Year Btech(Textile) Under Guidance of Dr.Prof .Ravi Adiverakar

What is Laundering?

It is commonly understood as the process of fabric

care or more specifically, cleaning of clothes.

Scientifically it is transfer of soil (dirt, stains, etc)

from fibre phase to solvent phase.

Objective
1.

To do a comprehensive study of available laundering techniques.

2. To compare various laundering techniques and to

find the best available technique (economically, ecologically, ease of application.

3. To enlist various improvements and techniques

developed , hence aiding further development in laundering techyniques.

Parameters for laundering

Physical agitation

Detergent

Solvent

Clean laundry

Physical Action
Inseparable part of almost all laundering techniques

practiced till date.

Enhances mass transfer by:

Exposing fabric to continuously changing liquor surrounding. 2. Loosening of soil-fibre bond.

1.

Physical Action
It is can be imparted : 1.

Manually

2. By machines

Forces that are applied : Rubbing, beating etc.

Physical Action
Machines can be classified broadly into two parts: 1.

Top Loading Machine

Agitator type Pulsator type

2.

Front Loading Machine

Agitator Type Machine

Front load

Top load

1] MLR 1:25 2] Enables working with comfortable posture. 3] Consumes higher energy and detergent . 4] Is predominantly used in Indian subcontinent and America. 5] Lesser physical agitation

1] MLR 1:5 2] working posture is uncomfortable. 3] consumes 60% lesser energy*. 4] Dominates in the European continent. 5] Higher physical agitation

Laundry process intensification by ultrasound

1.

Ultra Sound accelerate mass transport.

2. Cleaning action by bursting bubble. 3. Higher energy efficiency and lesser processing

time.

4. Requires lesser amount of detergent. 5. Eg. Laundry Pure, UltraSonic.

1.

Requires no detergents.

2.

Ionizes water molecules into H+ and OH- .

3.

OH- provides the detergency action, and H+ acts as disinfectant.

4.

Can be attached to any normal machine.

Laundry Pure

1.

Two wash compartments.

2.

Storage tank for storing waste water.

3.

Saves upto 50 % water.

Eco Dual Washing Machine

1.

Manual washing basket.

2.

Can be used in places where electricity and water supply are not regular.

3.

Is very cost effective as source of agitation is manual.

Swirl

1.

Laundry tub is attached to cycle.

2.

Can be extensively used in areas where there is irregular electric supply.

3.

Serves both as washing machine and exercising instrument.

Exercycle

1.

Uses magnet for rotation of drums.

2.

Produces almost no sound, silent cleaning.

3.

Since no friction it is very energy efficient.

4.

Very good option for compact urban houses.

Maglev Washing Machine

1.

Quickest method of laundering.

2.

Requires no detergent, hence is environment friendly.

3.

Clothes come dry .

4.

Though just a prototype, gives way for further research and development in fast and clean laundering.

Intestine

Modification of Front Load Machines

1.

Washing drum is tilted at an angle of 150.

2.

Uses lesser water as compared to normal front loading machines.

3.

Enchances comfort , helps maintain good posture.

4.

Allows dumping of clothes in between the laundry cycle.

Tilted Drum Washing Machine

1.

Wash-up is a concept, not a new machine. Front load machine is to be mounted on flush tank. Waste water, is used for flushing, instead of draining it directly. Feasible, economical, saves lot of water.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Surfactant solution enables better cleaning of commode.

Wash-Up

Polymer or waterless cleaning

1.

2.
3. 4. 5.

6.
7.

Uses nylon beads as solvent, instead of water. Detergent is dissolved in a cup of water, it serves the same purpose as in normal laundering. Nylon has inherent property to attract dirt, which gets absorbed in beads. Beads provide improved mechanical action, by rubbing. Uses 90% less water as compared to conventional machines. Same beads can be used for at least 100 wash cycles. Drying of washed clothes is much faster.

Wash Ball
This is a novel method of detergent less cleaning. 2. Principle: special natural ceramic when rubbed against each other in water, changes the pH of water. 3. Hollow plastic ball, with porous body specially designed to give good cleaning action. 4. It cannot completely replace detergent, as it makers claim, but can reduce its consumption to a very great extent.
1.