STUDY ON BSNL TECHNOLOGIES

By V.DIVYA 4/4 B.tech ECE-C 1210408361

OVERVIEW
About BSNL Making a Telephone Call The Exchange Internet Broadband CDMA GSM 3G BSNLs IP TV

About BSNL
State Owned Telecommunications Company Indias Oldest & Largest CSP Status Of MINI RATNA Supplies phone lines to other networks Some Services are - Landline, Mobile, Internet, ISDN, Audio/Video Conferencing, Telex/Telegraph, INET

BSNL IT Tool - DOTSOFT

First integrated telecom software application in BSNL Based on the latest software technologies running on a WAN Better customer satisfaction and transparency

Making a Telephone Call

Caller lifts handset, hears dial tone Dials number, exchange receives tones/pulses Checks which exchange & connects the call if available Call completes, current flow stops, bill is notified

The Exchange
Telephone subscribers are served by automatic exchanges Exchanges present in BSNL are:

>E-10B >OCB283 >EWSD

For smooth working- Computer Unit, Power Plant, AC plant , MDF

OCB-283
Digital Switching System Supports analog & digital subscribers Huge traffic handling capacity Automatic recovery feature Space requirement is small Divisions of OCB
>MDF Room >Exploitation Room >Switching Room

INTERNET

Global system of interconnected CN that use TCP/IP File transfer: >Break the file in to small packets >Attach destination and source address in to packets >Multiplex and transmit these packets >At destination de-multiplex the packets >Remove address bits from the packets and assemble the data in to the original file >Make source bits as destination address and send the acknowledgement in to the source

BROADBAND
High-speed digital Internet access Any connection to the customer of 256 Kbit/s or greater Broadband communication technology types- Wire line Technology. Wireless Technology.

Wi-Fi
Short for wireless fidelity uses radio frequency to transmit data through the air Advantages: Setup Cost Reduced cabling required Flexibility Quick and easy to setup in Temp or permanent space Freedom You can work from any location that you can get a signal Disadvantages: Speed Slower than cable Range Affected by various medium Travels best through open space Reduced by walls, glass, water, etc

WiMAX

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Provides wireless data over long distances Advantages >Single station can serve hundreds of users. >Speed of 10 Mbps at 10 kilometers within line-of-site.

Disadvantages >Bad weather conditions such as rain could interrupt the signal. >Other wireless equipment could cause interference. >WiMAX is a very power-consuming technology and requires significant electrical support. >High installation and operational cost.

CDMA
Cellular technology originally known as IS-95 Transparent interface for a wireless digital network Wide-band spread spectrum techniques More efficient

GSM
Global System for Mobile A second generation cellular standard ARCHITECTURE

Mobile Station (MS) Mobile Equipment (ME) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) Network Switching Subsystem(NSS) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

Advantages of GSM over Analog System

>Capacity increases >Reduced RF transmission power and longer battery life. >International roaming capability. >Better security against fraud (through terminal validation and user authentication). >Encryption capability for information security and privacy. >Compatibility with ISDN, leading to wider range of services

3G
Next generation of MCS Enables a variety of data intensive applications. services such as multimedia, high speed mobile broadband

BSNLs IP TV
Internet Protocol Television TV services over a networks operators quality controlled network services may be classified Live television Time-shifted programming Video on demand

CONCLUSION
Thus, this is an overview of some of BSNL technologies which we come across in our day to day life. The knowledge about these technologies has helped us know how they are applied practically.

THANK YOU