GroupIV

MALE
Different Ailments

FEM ALE
Video

For life to have an ongoing process, there must be the process of creating new life. This process is called reproduction. Human beings reproduce in much the same way as other mammals. There is need for both male and female to be involved in the human reproductive process.

Vigina Cervix Uterus Ovaries Fallopian tube

mons veneris/pubis labia majora Labia minora Clitoris Urethral opening Viginal opening Penineum Anus

INTERNAL GENITALS

EXTERNAL GENITALS

Vas deferens Ejaculatory ducts Urethra Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Bulbourethral glands

Penis Scrotum Testicles Epididymis

INTERNAL GENITALS

EXTERNAL GENITALS

Vagina: The vaginal wall is a thick, fibromusclar tube that forms the inferior- most region of the female-reproductive tract and measures about 4 inches in length in an adult female.

VIGINA: It connects the uterus with the outside of the body anteromedially, and thus functions as a entry point for the penis during sexual intercourse. It is also the exit canal for blood discharge during menstruation and the baby during a vaginal childbirth. It's tube like structure helps connect the internal reproductive organs to the external genitalia

Cervix: The cervix is situated between the vagina and the uterus. It mucous membranes helps to either allow for the passage of sperm or the obstruction of sperm. The sperm must pass through the cervix to reach an unfertilized egg. When a baby is born it must pass through the cervix as it exits the uterus and enters the vagina

Cervix

TRIVIA During menstruation, the cervix stretches open slightly to allow the endometrium to be shed. This stretching is believed to be part of the cramping pain that many women experience. Evidence for this is given by the fact that some women's cramps subside or disappear after their first vaginal birth because the cervical opening has widened.

OVARIES

The two small organs located on either side of the uterus, in which ova (eggs) are stored and grow to maturation. The ovaries are the female equivalent of the testes in males. They are the place where female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) are produced.The ovaries are also where eggs are produced.

OVARIES TRIVIA

Sometimes 2 eggs are released and if fertilized by sperm, nonidentical or fraternal twins (could be two boys, two girls, or a boy and a girl) develop in the uterus.

UTERUS The pearshaped muscular organ situated in the pelvic cavity that receives and holds the fertilized ovum (egg). This is where it grows for about nine months until it is born.

The uterus is only about three inches long and two inches wide, but during pregnancy it changes rapidly and dramatically.

FALLOPIAN TUBE OR UTERINE TUBE

The two small tubes which extend from the ovaries to the uterus, through which eggs travel. About once a month, a mature egg travels down the fallopian tube (the equivalent of the vas deferens in males). If the egg is fertilized with sperm as it travels down the fallopian tube, it becomes a foetus.

The uterine tubes are about four inches long and about as wide as a piece of spaghetti. Within each tube is a tiny passageway no wider than a sewing needle. At the other end of each uterine tube is a fringed area that looks like a funnel.

Vulva (vulvuh) The vulva is a collective term used to describe the visible external genital organs, extending from the mons pubis to the perineum. The external genitalia consist of the clitoris and clitoral hood, and the labia majora and labia minora.

Mons pubis (Mahns pewbis)

The

soft fatty tissue covered with pubic hair which lies on top of the pubic bone. You have this before surgery. After surgery, your clitoris will be on the lower part of the mons pubis

Labia majora (laybeuh muhjoruh)

Labia majora means "large lips" in Latin. The labia

majora are the large, outer lips of the vulva that extend from the mons pubis down either side of the vulva. They are covered by pubic hair and contain fatty tissue under the skin. The soft folds of skin which form flaps on the outer part of the vulva. In sexreassignment surgery, these are fashioned from scrotal tissue

Labia minora (lay beuhMynoruh)

Labia minora means "small lips" in Latin. The labia minora are the smaller, fleshy inner lips of the vulva that are inside the labia majora and closer to the vaginal opening. The folds within the labia majora which surround and cover the openings of the urethra and the vagina. They are not covered by pubic hair. The size, color, and shape of the labia minora varies a great deal

Clitoris (clitoris) The clitoris is a small, firm, rounded organ at the top of the vulva within the labia majora, just above the urethra, that measures about 1 4ofaninchthat's just about the size of a pencil eraser. The clitoris is an important organ for female sexual responsiveness. It is composed of erectile tissue and blood vessels.

Urethra (You-reethruh) The urethra is a short tube connected to the bladder that transports urine to the urethral opening. This opening can be seen as a very small, vshaped dimple below the clitoris.

Perineum (Pair-in-eeum) The perineum is the area between the vagina and the anus. Anus The anus is the outer opening to the rectum and bowels. After puberty, pubic hair may grow around the anus, and the skin may darken in color.

Hymen
The

hymen is a thin, delicate mucous membrane surrounding and partially covering the vaginal opening, which becomes stretched and or broken when a penis is inserted into the vagina.

Barthlolin's glands
They

secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina. Bartholin's glands are located in the superficial perineal pouch in females.

Skene's gland

are glands located on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra. They drain into the urethra and near the urethral opening and may be near or a part of the G-Spot. These glands are surrounded with tissue, which includes the part of the clitoris that reaches up inside the vagina and swells with blood during sexual arousal.

Breast

Mammory glands are composed of glandular tissue and a variable amount of fat. They are also have a complex secretory product called breast milk. Breast milk travels through a passageway called the Lactiferous duct, which travels from the alveoli to the nipple. The nipple is a centrally located projection on the breast comprised partly of erectile tissue. The Areola is the darkened region of the breast that surrounds the nipple. An areola may vary in color depending on whether or not a woman has given birth.

Vas deferens

The vas deferens is a long, muscular tube that travels from the epididymis into the pelvic cavity, to just behind the bladder. The vas deferens transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation.

Ejaculatory ducts

These are formed by the fusion of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles. The ejaculatory ducts empty into the urethra.

Urethra

The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body. In males, it has the additional function of expelling (ejaculating) semen when the man reaches orgasm. When the penis is erect during sex, the flow of urine is blocked from the urethra, allowing only semen to be ejaculated at orgasm.

Seminal vesicles

The seminal vesicles are sac-like pouches that attach to the vas deferens near the base of the bladder. The seminal vesicles produce a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides sperm with a source of energy and helps with the sperms motility (ability to move). The fluid of the seminal vesicles makes up most of the volume of a mans ejaculatory fluid, or ejaculate.

Prostate gland

The prostate gland is a walnut-sized structure that is located below the urinary bladder in front of the rectum. The prostate gland contributes additional fluid to the ejaculate. Prostate fluids also help to nourish the sperm. The urethra, which carries the ejaculate to be expelled during orgasm, runs through the center of the prostate gland.

Bulbourethral glands

The bulbourethral glands, or Cowpers glands, are pea-sized structures located on the sides of the urethra just below the prostate gland. These glands produce a clear, slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra. This fluid serves to lubricate the urethra and to neutralize any acidity that may be present due to residual drops of urine in the urethra.

Penis

The penis is the male organ for sexual intercourse. It has three parts: the root, which attaches to the wall of the abdomen; the body, or shaft; and the glans, which is the coneshaped end of the penis. The glans, which also is called the head of the penis, is covered with a loose layer of skin called foreskin. (This skin is sometimes removed in a procedure called circumcision.) The opening of the urethra, the tube that transports semen and urine, is at the tip of the glans penis. The penis also contains a number of sensitive nerve endings.

Scrotum

The scrotum is the loose pouch-like sac of skin that hangs behind the penis. It contains the testicles (also called testes), as well as many nerves and blood vessels. The scrotum has a protective function and acts as a climate control system for the testes. For normal sperm development, the testes must be at a temperature slightly cooler than the body temperature. Special muscles in the wall of the scrotum allow it to contract and relax, moving the testicles closer to the body for warmth and protection or farther away from the body to cool the temperature.

Testicles (testes) The testes are oval organs about the size of large olives that lie in the scrotum, secured at either end by a structure called the spermatic cord. Most men have two testes. The testes are responsible for making testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, and for generating sperm. Within the testes are coiled masses of tubes called seminiferous tubules. These tubules are responsible for producing the sperm cells through a process called spermatogenesis.

Dysmenorrhea A discomfort menstruation, some female suffers from headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, cravings for sweet and sour food, and beat tenderness. Vaginitis Yeast infections caused by organisms that stay in vigina. The symptoms of this infection include itching, burning feeling, pain and presence of discharge.

Gonorrhea A sexally caused by organisms disease which calls for immediate medical treatment. Syphilis A veberal disease caused by the spinrochete, treponema pallidium, and AIDS.

Cervicitis, otherwise known as vaginitis, is an inflammation of the uterine cervix. There are two types of cervicitis: noninfectious cervicitis and infectious cervicitis. Noninfectious cervicitis is caused by local trauma, radiation, or malignancy. However, infectious cervicitis is much more common and is caused by a sexually transmitted disease, specifically gonorrhea, chalmydia, or trichomoniasis. Injuries or irritation, infection of herpes virus, and genital warts may also cause a person to develop cervicitis.

In ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg has implanted somewhere outside the uterus. About 95% of the time it implants in the fallopian tube, the site of fertilization. In this case, it is often referred to as 'tubal pregnancy." The egg can settle in other areas of the body, such as the abdomen or cervix. So far there is no way to save a baby or the uterine tube if a baby implants there. The baby is only viable for eight weeks. After that it grows too large to fit in the uterine tube and causes extreme pain and will need to be surgically removed.

There are several types of ovarian cysts that can occur. The most common is a Functional Cyst, and there are two further subcategories. The first is a Follicle cyst, which happens when the the sac holding the egg does not break open to release the egg, and the fluid filled sac continues to grow. This type of cyst will often resolve itself in a few months. The second is a Corpus Luteum cyst, occurring when the sac does not dissolve after releasing the egg, but rather seals off and fills with fluid. They can grow up to 4 inches, but will usually resolve in a few weeks.

SOURSE: http://www.gendercentre.org.au/pdf/factsheets/female-genital-anatomy.pdf http://anatowiki.wetpaint.com/page/Female+reprodu ctive+system http://www.cchs.net/health/healthinfo/docs/2300/2376.asp