DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : Swathi K.N
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Computer Engineering
Institute : Kamala Nehru Polytechnic For
Women, Hyd.
Year : I year
Subject : Computer Fundamentals and Office
Automation
Subject Code : CM-105
Topic : Fundamentals Of Computers
Duration : 100 minutes
Sub. Topic : Interaction between CPU, memory &
input/output device, Function of
CPU
Teaching Aids :PPT, Images, Animation.
CM105.2TO3 1
 Objective:

On completion of this period, you would be able

to learn:
Blocks of Computer System

Interaction between functional blocks

Functions of CPU

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 Recap

 What is a computer?
It is an electronic device which process the
data.

 Functional units of computer.

Input unit, memory unit , ALU, CU, & output
unit.

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 Prerequisites

What are parts of the computer?

Input Unit ,Memory Unit, CPU, Output Unit.
What is CPU?
Central Processing Unit.

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 Interaction between functional blocks:

data To user
INPUT UNIT MEMORY UNIT OUTPUT UNIT
(Result)

instruction read write

operand result

CONTROL UNIT ALU

Control
signals

___ data flow

------Control flow
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 Interaction between Functional Blocks

 Data is supplied to the computer through an input

device.

 The data is then transferred to memory under the

supervision of the control unit.

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 Interaction between functional blocks
(contd):

 Each instruction is interpreted before execution.

 Control unit informs the ALU of the precise

operation to be performed and
 Directs the transfer of operands to the ALU.

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Interaction between functional blocks (contd)

 The ALU then performs all calculations and

comparisons needed.

 And the results are then passed unto the

memory unit, from there to the output unit.

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 CPU
(Central processing unit)

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 CPU

 CPU is the heart and brain of a computer.

 It receives data as input.

 Processes instruction, and the data accordingly.

 Presents the information as out put to the user.

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 CPU (contd)

 Its primary function is to execute programs.

 Beside executing programs, it controls the

operation of all other components such as
memory, input and output devices.

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 Blocks of CPU

Fig 1 CM105.2TO3 12
 CPU (Central Processing Unit)

ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)

 It performs two types of operations

1. Arithmetic Operations.
2. Logical Operations.

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ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)

Operation : Symbol

Addition : +
Subtraction : -
Multiplication : *
Division : /

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 Logical Operations

 Logical AND
 Logical OR
 Logical NOT
 Logical EXCLUSIVE OR

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 CU (Control Unit)

 Controls the operations that takes place in

various parts of a computer by sending
electronic signals.

 Supervises the flow of data in various parts of

computer such as input device, output device,
and memory devices.

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CPU

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 Functions of CPU
CPU performs everything in binary form

It takes the information and process it

according to instructions.

It performs all calculations.

It takes all decisions.

It controls all units of computer.

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 Summary
In this class, you have learnt about

Blocks of CPU

Functions of CPU

Interaction among the functional

blocks

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 Questions

1. Explain the interaction between CPU, memory

and I/O devices?

3. Describe the functions of CPU?

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 Quiz
1. The control unit, together with the ALU
and memory unit, form
a. control unit
b. memory
c. CPU (central processing unit)
d. ALU
Answer: c

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 Quiz (Contd...)

2. The program instructions and data are

transferred under the control of
a. CPU
b. Control Unit
b. ALU
d. Memory Unit
Answer: b

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 Quiz (Contd...)

3. ALU handles
a. arithmetic operations
b. logical operations
c. arithmetic operations and logical operations
d. None of the above
Answer: c

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 Assignment

• Try to open a CPU cabinet with the help of your

teacher (expert), and try to understand the
connections and working of various components
in side.

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