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the individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals. In the work goal context the psychological factors stimulating the peoples behaviour can be
Desire for Money. Encouragement. Success. Recognition. Job Satisfaction. Team Work.
person to action, and continues him in the course of action. According to McFarland, Motivation refers to the way in which urges, drives, desires, aspirations, need direct, control or explain the behavior of human beings.
TYPES OF MOTIVATION:Achievement
Assumption of Theory X : Employees inherently do not like work and whenever possible, will attempt to avoid it. Employees dislike work, they have to be forced, coerced or threatened with punishment to achieve goals. Employees avoid responsibilities and do not work fill formal directions are issued. At the end they get punished from their managers.
Assumption of Theory Y : Physical and mental effort at work is as natural as rest or play. People do exercise self-control and self-direction if they are committed to those goals. Average human beings are willing to take responsibility and exercise imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving the problems of the organization. They fullfill the organisational goals and get a reward from the managers.
Theory Y
Theory Y assumes that for
high.
Higher order needs are more
Abraham Maslow saw human needs in the form of a hierarchy, ascending from the lowest to the highest, and he concluded that when one set of needs is satisfied, this kind of need ceases to be a motivator.
Self Actualisation
Esteem Need
Social Need
Security Need
Physiological Need
Expectancy Theory
Developed by Victor Vroom and is a very popular theory of work motivation. Vroom suggests that motivation will be high when workers feel:
High levels of effort lead to high performance. High performance will lead to the attainment of desire outcomes.
Expectancy Theory
High Expectancy
(Worker knows that if they try, they can perform)
High Instrumentality
(Worker perceives that high performance leads to outcomes)
High Valence
(Worker desires the outcomes resulting from high performance)
High Motivation
PRESENTED BY:Ritam Bhattacharjee (MBA 1st Year) IIAS School Of Management Siliguri.