Introduction Various Forms Figures of Speech

Literary Devices: Simile, Metaphor, Extended Metaphor, Alliteration, Personification, Symbols, Rhyme & Rhythm
Prepared by Ms Siva

Poetry is the rhythmical creation of beauty in words.

My life has been the poem I would have writ / But I could not both live and utter it." In other words, poetry has a life of its own. Henry David Thoreau

Which one is poetry?

Shall I compare thee to a Summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate than the sun
An old silent pond... A frog jumps into the pond, splash! Silence again.
Oh oh For you, I would have done whatever And I just can't believe we ain't together And I wanna play it cool But I'm losin' you I'll buy you anything I'll buy you any ring Cause I'm in pieces Baby fix me And just shake me till you wake me from this bad dream I'm goin down, down, down, down And I just can't believe my first love won't be around

My soul has disappeared behind the howling moon, like with the sun, now it's the eclipse of my soul, since we tried to let each other go, like a sad tune. Knowing that nobody can keep our love under control.

You can be a sweet dream or a beautiful nightmare Either way I, don't wanna wake up from you

A Poem Is A Little Path

A poem is a little path That leads you through the trees. It takes you to the cliffs and shores, To anywhere you please. Follow it and trust your way With mind and heart as one, And when the journey's over, You'll find you've just begun.

Haiku
Night, and the moon! My neighbor, playing on his flute out of tune!

No sky no earth - but still snowflakes fall

ACCORDING TO MY MOOD By Benjamin Zephaniah

I have a poetic licence, i WriTe thE way i waNt. i drop my full stops where i like. . . . . MY CAPITAL LeteRs go where i liKE, i order from MY PeN, i verse the way i like (i do my spelling write) Acording to my MOod. i HAve poetic licence, i put my comments where i like,,((())). (((my brackets are write(( I REPEAT WHen I likE. i cant go rong, i look and i.c. Its rite. i REpeat when i liKE. i have poetic licence! dont question me????

My Body
my body is a walking representation the outward visual caption of what it means to be me from the outside looking in at times I hide from you but mostly what you see is what you will get

Acrostic poem!
An acrostic poem is one where you choose a word or name and use each letter in the name as the beginning of a word or line that tells something about that person or topic.

Coffee
Coffee mild, but dark as toast. O..Oh healthy cup, of robust roast, F.....Fresh the smell, of perking pot, F.....Flavors senses, while it`s hot. E.......Everlasting, in every way, E...Every morning, every day.

Literature, particularly poetry, is replete with figures of speech

Wah, the rat race is becoming unbearable! What? Rat? I didnt mean it literally. Its a figure of speech

A figure of speech: A word or phrase that

departs from straightforward, literal language.

Similes
A comparison between two objects using a specific word or comparison such as "like "as", or "than".

Examples
As happy as a lark

As gay as a sunflower
Faster than a speeding bullet More powerful than a locomotive Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee.

O my love is like a red, red rose by Robert Burns

PoEms RiCh with SiMiLeS

A Red, Red Rose

O My Luve's like a red, red rose, That's newly sprung in June; O My Luve's like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. As fair art thou, my bonnie lass, So deep in luve am I; And I will luve thee still, my dear, Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear While the sands o' life shall run. And fare thee weel, my only luve, And fare thee weel, awhile! And I will come again, my luve Tho' it ware ten thousand mile!

Metaphor

Connects two ideas or objects and asserts that they are the same
She is a wild boar His smile was heaven

Identify the metaphor used and think critically about its effect
I am a sword, Sharper than a tongue Nobody can defeat me, Because I am a sword, I can not be hurt by what people say About me, I will not show my anger Against Someone else Life I had stayed in the theater Watching - right to the end This movie that I hated This movie that bored me What can I say? Except... I had already paid The price of admission

Sylvia Plath - Metaphors

I'm a riddle in nine syllables, An elephant, a ponderous house, A melon strolling on two tendrils. O red fruit, ivory, fine timbers! This loaf's big with its yeasty rising. Money's newminted in this fat purse. I'm a means, a stage, a cow in calf. I've eaten a bag of green apples, Boarded the train there's no getting off.

Extended Metaphor

An extended metaphor is a metaphor that continues into the sentences that follow.

Identify the extended metaphor used

All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances, And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages
As You Like It (Act 2 Scene 7) William Shakespeare

Identify the extended metaphor used and analyse its effect

Hope is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul, And sings the tune--without the words, And never stops at all, And sweetest in the gale is heard; And sore must be the storm That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm.

I've heard it in the chillest land, And on the strangest sea; Yet, never, in extremity,

Personification
An object or idea is represented as a person. The wind roared wildly The hurricane smiled at the wreckage she had caused.

by Lee Tzu Pheng

The operation was massive; Designed to give new life To the old lady. We have cleaned out Her arteries, removed Detritus and silt Created a by-pass For the old blood Now you can hardly tell Her history We have become So health conscious The heart Can sometimes be troublesome

Imagery
Imagery is used in literature to refer to descriptive language that evokes sensory experience. Words that appeal to: Sight, taste, smell, touch, sound

Symbolism

A symbol is something that represents a larger idea or value. Popular symbols: Flowers Nature, Animals

Identify the imagery used

The Secret Sits by Robert Frost

We dance round in a ring and suppose, But the secret sit in the middle and knows.

He learns to say yes, say yes, and goes home to a lighted house, a dazzle of horror, security, darkness and love.

Rhythm
The meaning of a text is formed by an interplay between language, rhythm and sound Rhythm basically refers to the flow of words and movement in a poem Rhythm is created through stress and pauses within it Rhythm can be conveyed through metre, pace, rhyme and repetition

Rhythm
Break, Break, Break By Alfred, Lord Tennyson Break, break, break, On thy cold gray stones, O Sea! And I would that my tongue could utter The thoughts that arise in me. Break: To crash into a shore and change into foam O: Interjection used before the name of a person or thing addressed by a poet. It is intended to express deep yearning

Rhyme
Rhyme refers to the repetition of a final word by that of another word, at the end of lines or within the lines of a poem Most poems have a definite rhyme scheme

 End Rhyme Humpty Dumpty: wall and fall men and again

Internal Rhyme Long light shakes across the lakes

shakes rhymes with lakes

rhyme
Why use rhyme? Poems are more lyrical Hence more memorable Why analyse rhyme? Rhymes link words, ideas together to complement or emphasis the meaning Rhymes create a harmonious sound so as to make the poem more memorable

Onamatopoeia