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Intel vs AMD

By Carrie Pipkin: Introduction and History


Ramiro Bolanos : Intel and VIA chipsets Dan Hepp: VIA and AMD chipsets, Conclusion

Part 1: Comparative History

Generally Intel has been the dominant producer of microprocessor chips AMD has proven to be a fierce competitor Competition stimulated the industry by producing new and innovative microprocessors In the mid nineties Intel begins to face 2 true competition

Comparative History 80286 chip

1980s-Intel was the only true producer of marketable computer chips 1982-introduce 80286 286 was able to run software of its prior microprocessor

Comparative History 80286 chip

Within 6 years, 15 million 286s are installed


around the world Intel contracts third party companies to produce 286s and variants AMD was one of these third party companies

AMD became very efficient and capable of being


its own producer of microprocessors
4

Comparative History 386 chip

1985, Intel releases its 32-bit 386 microprocessor. Faster and capable of multitasking AMD, under licensed production, produces 386 chips allowing Intel to meet market demands

Comparative History 386 chip

During the reign of the 386, AMD decides to produce its own CPU. 1987-AMD began legal arbitration over rights to produce their own chips. After 5 years of battle, the courts sided with AMD.

Comparative History -486 chip

1989-Intel releases its 486DX. Allowed point and clicking Initially twice as fast as its predecessor. Intel continued to upgrade to speeds reaching 66MHz.

Comparative History -Am386 chip

1991-AMD released Am386 Intels 486 released two years prior AMD believed there still existed a market By October, AMD sold one million units

Comparative History -Am486 chip

1993-AMD releases first competing chip: Am486 1994-AMD improves chip with Am486DX Am486DX processes up to 100MHz

Comparative History -Pentium

1993, Intel realizes it cannot trademark numbers x86. This allows AMD the ability to essentially clone Intels chips Intels solution: dubs its new chip the Pentium instead of releasing it as the 586

Comparative History -Pentium

Handles and processes more media types


such as speech, sound , and photographic images. It Offered multiple processing speeds up to 200MHz. It became well entrenched in the market During this time, Intel truly dominated

Comparative History -Am5x86

1995- AMDs first attempt to compete with the Pentium by introducing Am5x86 It was really for those who wanted to upgrade their 486 motherboards without making a jump to the Pentium motherboard AMD did not fare well with this chip

Comparative History -AMD K5


1996-K5 introduced
First chip comparable to the Pentium

Could be placed in the same motherboard


as the Pentium, making it compatible Because it was released 3 years after the Pentium, it was met with cool reception

Comparative History -Pentium Pro

In the previous year, Intel released the Pentium Pro Able to handle more instructions per clock cycle Intels ability to get a new chip on the market before AMD has had the effect of overshadowing any of AMDs microprocessors

Comparative History -AMD K6

1996-AMD purchases the company NexGen who were making a microprocessor of their own AMD uses their core 686 processor to develop the AMD K6 Additionally, they slap on Intels MMX code making it compatible with Pentiums.

Comparative History -AMD K6

K6 was released in 1997 and reached


speeds of 166Mhz to 200Mhz

K6 was significantly cheaper than the


Pentium K6 was able to move up to speeds as high as 300MHz, out performing the Pentiums Intel was ready for the challenge

Comparative History -Pentium II

Later than year, Intel unveils the Pentium II


It was equipped with MMX instructions, ready to handle video, audio, and graphics data Better capable of handling video editing, sending media via the Internet, and reprocessing music

By 1998, the Pentium began to climb in


processing speeds up to 450 MHz.

Comparative History -The Celeron

K6 was doing well as a cost effective alternative to the Pentium II, although it was an inferior chip In response, in 1998, Intel introduced its own cheaper and inferiror microprocessor: the Celeron It was a stripped down version of the Pentium II

Comparative History -AMDs K6-2

AMD fights back with an enhanced K6 to take on the


Pentium II: the K6-2 Their K6 chip included what they called 3DNow

technology

3DNow is an additional twenty-two instructions to better handle audio, video, and graphic intensive programs AMD then releases K6-3 and proves to be a threat to Intel

Comparative History -Pentium III

1999-Intel responds by coming out with the Pentium III It had an additional 70 instructions, improving its ability to process advanced imaging, streaming audio, video, & speech recognition programs One goal of the Pentium III was to enhance the Internet experience

Comparative History -the Athlon

The Athlon was a new chip from the ground up It was capable of doing everything the Pentium III could do, but was much cheaper The Athlon was beating out the Pentium III

Comparative History -Celeron II

In 2000, Intel decides to launch a two pronged attack against AMD First, Intel fights for low-end market by

introducing the Celeron II


It ranges in speed between 500 and 1100MHz. It was a stripped down processor with enhanced speed It was fairly cheap, making it competitive

Comparative History -Pentium IV


Intel also introduces the Pentium IV


It uses four main new technologies: Hyper Pipelined Technology, Rapid Execution Engine,

Execution Trace Cache and a 400 MHz system bus

Its major improvement was increased speed, initially starting at 1.5Ghz with ability for expansion Today its reaching upwards to a remarkable 3GHz

Comparative History -Pentium IV

The Pentium IV can now produce high quality video stream radio and TV quality information across the internet Render upscale graphics in real-time Perform several applications simultaneously while connected to the Internet

Comparative History -the Duron

As result of Intels attack on AMD, Intel is once again dominating the market AMDs response to the Celeron II was the Duron, released the same year (2000) It is a geared down version of the Athlon, but edges out the Celeron

Comparative History -Athlon XP

The Athlon chip was destroying the Pentium III, but now is destined for the graveyard

In response to the Pentium IV, AMD enhanced the


Athlon by coming out with the XP series. Test show that an Athlon XP running 1.4GHz performs nearly as well as a Pentium of 2Ghz The Athlon XP is a quality chip, but is fading away

under the onslaught of the heavy performance of the


Pentium IV

Comparative History -the ClawHammer

Intel now holds edge over AMD in chip technology Rumored that AMD is developing a powerhouse chip called the ClawHammer It is apparently in a testing stage

Chipsets

Our goal has been to understand the history and details of the competition and their processors between Intel and Amd Also of importance are Chipsets Knowing some information on chipsets helps determine an appropriate opinion on Intel & AMD

Chipsets

A chipset is a group of integrated circuits, sold as one unit, designed to perform one or more related functions We are focused on chipsets that provide functionality for the CPU We compared chipsets from both AMD and Intel as well as an outside manufacturer, who makes chipsets for both, VIA.

Chipset

Most advanced chipset for the AMD CPU Consists of the VT8235 Southbridge and the VT8377 Northbridge.

Main Features of KT400

Front Side Bus (FSB) up to 333Mhz Support for PC 3200 DDR Ram memory @ 400 Mhz North-South Bridge Link @ 533 Mhz 5 available PCI slots

KT400 VT8377 Features

Lightening fast memory access: 2.7 Gb/s AGP @ 8X offers 2.1 Gb/s dedicated speed to 3D graphics Fast 333 Mhz FSB

KT400 VT8235 Features

533 Mhz 8X V-link interface between North and South bridge USB 2.0 ATA133 6 Channel Audio

Few Popular Motherboards using the KT400

Gigabyte 7VAXP Abit AT7 MAX2 ASUS A7V8X MSI KT4 Ultra Soyo KT400 Ultra Dragon

Performance Measurements AMD (using KT400) vs. Pentium

Using Soyos KT400 Ultra Dragon Motherboard

Higher number better

Higher number better

Higher number better

AMD 760 MPX Chipset (Dual Processor)

Consists of the AMD-762 system controller (northbridge) and the AMD-768 peripheral bus controller (southbridge).

Main features of AMD 760MPX

Front Side Bus (FSB) up to 266 Mhz per processor (533Mhz) Support for PC 2100 DDR Ram memory @ 266 Mhz North-South Bridge Link @ 66 Mhz Up to 7 available PCI slots

Features of AMD 760MPX 762 System Controller

Two 266 MHz point-to-point AMD system buses

PC 2100 DDR Ram memory @ 266 Mhz

AGP 4X video card support

Features of AMD 760MPX 768 Peripheral Bus Controller

Host PCI bus utilizing a 66MHz/64-bit interface. Secondary 33MHz/32-bit PCI bus interface, including PCI bus arbiter with support for up to eight external devices UDMA 33/66/100 compatible EIDE bus master controller SMBus controller with one SMBus port

Advantages of the AIPC and the SMBus Bus

Through the AIPC bus, the Processors have direct access to the south bridge Through the SMBus, the memory has the direct access to the south bridge Disadvantage of direct access can be potential data conflict

The 860 Chipset

Structure

Designed for Xeon Processor


2 Main Chips MCH Memory Controller Hub

Controls the high speed bus

ICH2 I/O controller Hub

Controls the peripheral devices

Over view of 860 chipset

High Speed Bus

Memory 64 Bit PCI connection

Graphics Accelerators

Memory Configuration

RDRAM Up to 64 devices supported by the Paired mode Single Channel-pair Mode

Utilizes memory modules ( 4 Gigabytes) Utilizes MRH-R to control the expanded capabilities ( 16 Gigabytes of RAM)

Multiple Channel- pair mode

Block Diagram

64 bit PCI Support

400 MHz connection to the P64H chip

Allows for a fast connection to a high speed, PCI device High data transfer rate High Speed A pair are bundled in the chipset

Graphics Accelerator

MCH connects to AGP 4X

Connection speed of 1 GB/s High performance Accelerators supported

Does not Support 8X Accelerators

ICH2 Peripherals Bus

32 Bit PCI Bus LAN Controller I/O module

Keyboard, Mouse, Floppy disk drive, etc

ATA / 100 (IDE standard for Hard Drive) 4 USB Ports

Features and Benefits


Feature Supports two Intel Xeon Processors with 512 KB L2 chacke for dual-processing server platforms 400 MHz System Bus Capability Intel Hub Architecture with option P64H Balances the system bus band withd with the memory Dual 64-bit 66 MHz I/O segments for fast drive access and high speed networks 1 GB/s of Graphics bandwidth allows high performance Graphics Extends RDRAM memory capacities and increases System scalability Maximum memory performance(3.2 GB/s or 400MHz) System concurrency so that simultaneous process do not impact system performance Enhanced plug and play with four full band width USB ports Benefit NetBurst Microarchitecture and hyper-Threading teconlogy

AGP 4X

MRH-R (RDRAM Based repeater Hub) Dual RDRAM channels Prefetch Cache

Dual USB Controllers

Note source (Intel 860 Chipset)

Overview 860 chipset

Highly Structured Powered by up to 7 chips

High performance

Apollo Chipset

Designed for the Pentium 4 processor


3 Segments in the Bus North Bridge High speed bus South Bridge peripheral devices

Block Diagram

North Bridge

System Bus

400 MHz

Main memory

Connection at 266 MHz

Bottleneck Accelerated Graphics Controller AGP

4X AGP support

South Bridge

Controls 32 bit PCI Bus (33 MHz)


Supports up to 6 USB devices

(2.0 Standard)
IDE (ATA 33 / 66 / 100 )

Hard Drive

LAN controller VT6103

South Bridge (contd)

Several chips available


VT8233 VT8233C VT8233A

Each with a unique function Price drops

Features

Supports Intel Pentium 4 Processor 400MHz (Quad 100) FSB setting AGP4X graphics Supports DDR200/266 SDRAM as well as PC100/133 SDRAM Ultra fast 266MB per second V-Link between North and South Bridge

AC'97 and MC'97 Audio/Modem

Features (contd)

Integrated 3Com 10/100Mb Ethernet Media Access Controller Support for 2 ATA 33/66/100 interfaces 6 USB ports, UHCI compliant Advanced power management capabilities Note Source: (Via P4X266)

Overview

Highly structured
Unique features

LAN, sound, modem integrated

4 GB of Ram Promises to utilize Intels Quad bus technology Price conscientious pumping

Professional Opinion

After serious consideration to: Chip performance Reliability Some research $50 from Intels PR
We conclude that the

860 chipset is the best chipset within this Presentation

Thank You

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