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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
By the end of this practical class you will be able to: demonstrate the experimental methods of studying analgesia / inflammation
Introduction:
Drugs
Reactio n to pain
Analgesics
Perceptio n of pain
Narcotic analgesics
centrally , peripherally ?
mild to moderate pain Anti-inflammatory Antipyretic
physical dependence.
Narcotic analgesics.
Non-narcotic analgesics.
Thermal methods
Hot Plate
Tail -Flick
Tail immersion
Chemical methods
Irritant chemicals
Phenyl benzequinone
Acetic acid
Experimental Procedures
HOT -Plate
Non Acetic acid reactive induced writhes
Selection of animals
60 C
Licking of the paw Jumping
10 sec.
JUMPING
Group
Na salycilate Morphine
No. of animals No of mice licking/ jumping at the start of Before after the experiment 30 min. of administration
5 5
5 5
4 1
Na Salycilate
sodium salicylate 300 mg/kg I.P.
Writhes ?
15 min
The percentage reduction in the number of writhes from the control group is a measure of analgesic activity
1 2 3
23 27 30
26
1 2 3
17 15 9
14
46%
Conclusions
1. Hot plate method response due to exposure to heat (noxious) stimulus .. was inhibited by morphine but not by .. Na salycilate . 2. Acetic acid induced writhes are reduced by .. . Na salycilate
Questions
Questions
Questions
5. Why Salicylates did not inhibit mouse hot plate Method response?
6. Name 2 conditions each where you will use morphine and Salicylates as analgesics.
Questions
Prostaglandins and are mediators bradykinin inflammation. Acetyl saliycilic acid is an example of NSAIDs. .
of
Questions
Na salicylate Morphine
absent present
Questions
Match:
Morphine is (d ) Aspirin is (g ) Acetic acid induces (e ) Hot plate is (f) Prosaglandins are (c ) Assessment of NSAIDs is by (b)
a. Licking of the paw. b. a chemical method. c. mediators of inflammation d. an e.g. of narcotic analgesic e. writhes f. a thermal method g. an e.g. of non narcotic analgesic