Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 43

intro

Hi FRIENDS !! Today we will learn about naming of alkenes and its physical properties.. LETS BEGIN OUR JOURNEY!!

intro

Hi!!!! Do you all know me??

I am POLYSTREN E

I ripening the fruit

WE ARE FROM

ALKENE GROUP

About ALKENE
Alkene is classified as unsaturated hydrocarbon Contain at least one carbon carbon double bond General formula, CnH2n (n=1,2,3,.) For example, C2H4 - ethylene

Every compound of alkenes has its own name

Do you know how to naming an alkene?

Ok,,lets we learn together !

WHAT is MY NAME??? There are a lot of my name that you can identify. Interesting right? Well, lets see the steps that you should use to give my name Step 1 Step 2

Step 3

Now, lets learn some alkene properties

a) Physical state At room temperature (25C) and atmospheric pressure


Compound alkene Physical state
C C C - C C and above Gases Liquids Solids

SOLUBILITY
Insoluble in water, But soluble in nonpolar solvent

due to the electronattracting sp2 carbon.

Chemical structure and functional group can affect the polarity of alkenes compounds

The sp C is more electron withdrawing than sp hybridzed orbital

Two individual dipoles together form a net molecular dipole

POLARITY

Thus, it creates a weak dipole along the substituent weak alkenly carbon bond

Trans the dipole cancel out

cis - cannot cancel out. Thus, has net dipole and has higher boiling point than trans

Boiling points of alkenes depends on more molecular mass (chain length). Hmm, giraffe Did you know why the boiling point increased with increasing molecular mass?

0o0oThe more intermolecular mass is added, the higher the boiling point.

Intermolecular forces of alkenes gets stronger with increase in the size of the molecules.

But, how about the alkenes that have same molecular mass but differ in their structure? For that compounds, we should looks it surface area. the more branched alkenes, the more lower its boiling points.

O0o0To predict relative boiling points, we should look for differences in (1) hydrogen bonding, (2) molecular weight and surface area and (3) dipole moments. .

One things we should consider in determine the boiling points of the compounds is its hydrogen bond. If it has hydrogen bond, then it has the highest boiling points. Same goes with dipole moments.

Compound
Ethene Propene Trans-2-Butene Cis-2-butene Cis 1,2-dichlorobutene Trans 1,2dichlorobutene 1-Pentene

Boiling points (oC)


-104 -47 0.9 3.7 152 155 30

How about melting point?


1. Melting points of alkenes depends on the packaging of the molecules. 2. Alkenes have similar melting points to that of alkanes, 3. However, in cis isomers molecules are package in a U-bending shape, therefore, will display a lower melting points to that of the trans isomers.

Lets See Some Example


Compound Ethene Propene Butene 1-Pentene Trans-2-Pentene Cis-2-Pentene 1-Heptene Melting Points (0C) -169 -185 -138 -165 -135 -180 -119

Among of the following solvent, which solvent will make alkenes dissolve?

a) HCl b) water c) CCl d) HSO

1. What is the physical state of butene at room condition? 2. Did 2,3-dimethylhexene dissolves in water? Why? 3. Why the boiling points of octene is differ from butene?

Can you help us??

O0o0 we need to do We are LOST some activity to go away from here.. !!!

Do you want to continue??

activity

TRUE or FALSE?? Somebody help me please

1. Alkenes do not have functional group 2. Alkenes consist of carbon-carbon T double bond 3. The general formula for alkene is T CnH2n 4. In naming the IUPAC name for alkenes,1st step is list the number of substituents according to their F position in carbon chain 5. In alkenes, there is E-Z system T

6. HC
C=C
H

COOH CHOH

(E)-2-hydroxymethyl-2-butenoic acid

7. Branched alkenes provided lower boiling t point compared to straight chain alkenes 8. Alkenes is polar molecule f f 9. Alkenes soluble in water 10. Alkenes provide higher polarity than t alkanes 11. Alkenes is less reactive than alkanes f

activity

CH2

1,4-hexadiene

CH2CH3 CH2CH3 Br

5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-1pentene

CH3CH

CHCH2CH

CH2

4-bromo-1-ethylcyclo hexene

CH3
Br CH2CH2CHCHCH2CH3 CH CH2

2,3-dimethyl-2-butene

CH3 CH3CHCH2 HC = CH CH3

2-methyl-1,4cyclohexadiene

CH3

CH3 CH2CH3

CH3 CH2CHCH2CH = C

CH2CH

1,5-dimethylcyclopentene

CH3 cis-5-methyl-2-hexene

CH3 CH3

trans-5,7-dimethyl-3nonene

activity

Arrange the correct steps of naming an alkene


a) If the double bond is equidistant from each end, number so the first substituent has the lowest number

b) Write out the full name, numbering the substituents according to their position in the chain and list them in alphabetical order.

c) Number the carbons of the parent chain so the double bond carbons have the lowest possible numbers.

d) Name the parent hydrocarbon by locating the longest carbon chain that contains the double bond and name it according to the number of carbons with the suffix -ene.

Answer D, C, A, B

Arrange the following alkenes with increasing boiling points and explain why.
2-methylpentene, 1-hexene, 2,3-dimetylbutene

ANSWER
2,3-dimetylbutene < 2-methylpentene < 1-hexene To predict relative boiling points, we should look for differences in (1) hydrogen bonding, (2) molecular weight and surface area and (3) dipole moments. All of the compounds have same molecular mass and do not have hydrogen bonds. So, we look into its surface area. Because 2,3-dimetylbutene is most branched than others, thus it has the lowest boiling points. Between 2-methylpentene and 1-hexene, 1-hexene is not branched, therefore it has the highest boiling point among others.

WELL DONE SON. YOU DID IT !! NOW YOU CAN THANKS GO HOME.. FRIENDS
FOR HELPING US

YEYY!!! THANK YOU OLD MAN.. NOW WE CAN MEET MY FAMILY AGAIN..

AT LAST,,WE UNDERSTAND ON HOW NAMING OF ALKENE AND ITS PROPERTIES..

Good bye friends!!! I hope you all understand better about naming of alkenes and its properties..

REVISION
Steps of naming an alkene Physical properties 1. Appearances 2. Density 3. Solubility 4. Polarity 5. Boiling Point 6. Melting Point

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi