Introduction to Computer Hardware

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Computer Literacy What is Computer Literacy?

Knowledge and ability of using computers and technology efficiently

Why do we need to be Computer Literate?

Computers are everywhere!

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Computer Literacy What is Computer Literacy?

Knowledge and ability of using computers and technology efficiently

Why do we need to be Computer Literate?

Computers are everywhere!
Video Phones Laptops Online Chat Websites

Team presentations

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What is a Computer?

T a k e s I n p u t

Processes Data

O u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer

How can a machine take input? T a k e s I n p u t

Processes Data

O u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer
Using Input devices O u t p u t R e s u l t s

Input devices

Processes Data

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What is a Computer

Input devices

Processes Data

O u t p u t R e s u l t s

So what happens to the data we input?

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What is a Computer

Processes Data

It is processed here O u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer

Processes Data

What is Processing and who does O it? u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer
The Processing Unit performs arithmetic and logical operations to O produce results u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer
So does this processing unit even show or tell me the results? O u t p u t R e s u l t s

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What is a Computer

Thats the job of these Output devices

Output devices

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What is a Computer

What if we have to store these results and see them later?

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What is a Computer

Thats done using the storage devices

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Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices
How can both CPU and Memory point to the same device?

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Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices
Both of them are housed in a box called the Cabinet

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Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices

Center for Education Tecnology and Learning Sciences

Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices
If a storage device is also placed inside the cabinet, then why do we have a separate device here?

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Components of a Computer

Input devices Central Processing Unit(CPU) Memory Output devices Storage devices
The separate device is an External Storage Device built for mobility

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Input Devices

Hardware used to enter data into computer Example: Keyboard, mouse, microphone

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Input Devices

Hardware used to enter data into computer Example: Keyboard, mouse, microphone

Why do we need so many types of input devices?

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Input Devices
Each device meets a specific requirement

Keyboard to enter text

Digital camera to take photos

Mouse to point and click at objects

Microphone to record voice

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Input Devices
Each device meets a specific requirement

Keyboard to enter text

Digital camera to take photos

Mouse to point and click at objects Joystick and Steering Wheel for playing games

Microphone to record voice

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Output Devices

Hardware that conveys information to the user Example: Monitor, speakers, printer

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Output Devices

Each output device meets a specific requirement like the input devices

Monitor to display video

Speakers to play audio

Printer to print text and images on paper

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Central Processing Unit (CPU) CPU is the brain of the computer

Takes instructions Processes arithmetic and logical operations

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory? A good approach to

this would be to understand why humans need memory?

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

To remember things or events

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

323 +592
Lets take one simple application where we remember things

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

Adding the units place is not a problem

323 +592 5

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

1 323 +592 15
Adding the tens place causes a carry over

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

1 323 +592 15
We need some place to remember this carry

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

1 323 +592 15
For this and many other such operations, a computer has memory

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

1 323 +592 815
This result does not stay in the computer forever. Memory becomes empty when the power is off

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Memory

Why does a machine need memory?

323 +592 815

Storage comes to the rescue here! Results can be saved and seen later

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Storage

Holds data, information and instructions Storage Media:

Physical material on which information is stored

Storage Device:
Device which stores and retrieves information from storage media

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Floppy disk

Thin, circular, magnetic disk enclosed in a plastic shell Capacity: 1.44MB

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Compact Disk

Flat, round, portable disc Capacity: 700 MB

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Hard disk Provides lot more storage space than a compact disk Generally a hard disk is placed inside the cabinet Capacity: 20GB - 500GB

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USB Flash Drive

Provides more storage space than a floppy but less than a hard disk Small and light weight enough to be carried as a key chain Capacity: 64MB 8GB

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