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Problem Statement
Study and analysis of routing protocol for rural wireless network using NS2
study and analysis of routing protocol for wireless network for rural area using ns2
OUT LINE
y MOTIVATION. y ABSTRACT.
y STUDY PART :
WIRELESS NETWORK. WIRELESS NETWORK IN RURAL AREA. CHALLENGES OF WIRELESS NETWORK IN RURAL AREA. SIMILAR ON GOING PROJECT. AD-HOC ROUTING PROTOCOL : DSDV. ON-DEMAND ROUTING PROTOCOL : DSR, AODV. LONG-DISTANCE WIRED NETWORK.
ANALYSIS PART:
ANALYSIS OF DSDV,AODV AND DSR ANALYSIS IN BOTH SHORT DISTANCE AND LONG DISTANCE.
MOTIVATION
y The main purpose of this thesis is measure the performance of routing protocol over wireless network in case of long distance communication basically in rural area.
In wireless network so many problems are there, basically wireless link failure, handoff problem. All of these problem depends on the PROTOCOL that we used for the network. So we are coming to the point of analysis of routing protocol in wireless network.
study and analysis of routing protocol for wireless network for rural area using ns2
ABSTRACT
Wireless network allows users the freedom to travel from one location to another location without interruption of their computing service. wireless network require one fixed base station(BS). All users within the range of the base station can communicate to each other through base station , with this flexibility wireless network have the ability to from any where , at any time , as long as two or more wireless user s are willing to communicate. In this thesis, using the NS simulator, we will examine in detail the behavior of the wireless networks with a mobile node using different routing protocol.
study and analysis of routing protocol for wireless network for rural area using ns2
Wireless network????
WLANs send and receive data through the air and use radio and infrared waves to transmit information without a physical connection. The access point receives, buffers and transmits data between the WLAN and the wired network infrastructure. A single access point can support a small group of users and can function within a range of less than one hundred to several hundred feet.
1. Infrastructure Networks .
2. Infrastructure Less (Ad hoc) Networks .
study and analysis of routing protocol for wireless network for rural area using ns2
study and analysis of wireless network for rural area using ns2
Mesh Network
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study and analysis of wireless network for rural area using ns2
1. Very High Frequency (VHF) radio telephone service . 2. Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSATs) are also used to link to satellites to provide Internet access, public telephone service and fax lines to certain rural areas . The difficulties that occurs in implementing wired networks in rural area are . 1. More expansive . 2. Geographical/ Natural barriers . 3. More time consuming .
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1. Enhancing data rate . 2. Lower data size and cost . 3. Low power networking . 4. Security issues. 5. Scalability .
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(3)
WIRELESS NETWORK DESIGN FOR TELECENTER IN RURAL AREA BY SATEA HIKMAT ABOUD, UNIVERSITY OF UTARA, MALAYSIA
Routing DSR Dynamic Source Routing CBRP Cluster Based Routing Protocols ABR Associability Based Routing
Source routing
The sender of a packet determines the complete sequence of nodes through which to forward the packet
DSR Components..
y Route discovery
y The mechanism by which a sending node obtains a route
to destination y Route maintenance y The mechanism by which a sending node detects that the network topology has changed and its route to destination is no longer valid
If same, discard Send a route reply Append this host's address to the route record, and rebroadcast
y Else
y
Source C
B Destination F G H
1. Node C (initiator) sends a Route sends a small package by 2..If the receiver is the destination host, Request route reply flooding the network Else it appends its ID to the packet and forward the packet to the next node until the destination is encountered
E Source C B Destination F G H
G,H,F
4.. H send find a path topacket which has a, list of all searching forwardscache route to reach the 3..Node H a rout reply the destination F through nodes that its own the packet . destination
Route Maintenance :
y
If a packet cant be received by a node, it is retransmitted up to some maximum number of times until a confirmation is received from the next hop. A Route Error message is sent to the initiator, that can remove that Source Route from its Route Cache. The initiator check his Route Cache for another route to the target. If there is no route in the cache, a Route Request packet is broadcasted
B RERR RERR D G A H G
C F
Dynamic Source Routing in Ad hoc Wireless Networks
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needed. At that point the network node that needs a connection broadcasts a request for connection.
y
y
Each node that sees the request and forwards it creates a reverse route to the source If the node knows the route to the destination, it responds with a ROUTE REPLY
RREQ
source
RREP
destination
Reply packet follows broadcast path of route request packet recorded The neighbors in turn the reversethe packet till it reaches the destinationin broadcast packet
Destinat ion A B C
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Next hop A B B
Hop no. 0 1 1
Seq. No. A 46 B 36 C 28
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wired network
1. Distance vector routing protocol . 2. Link state routing protocol . 3. Hierarchical routing protocol .
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forwarded.
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HIERARCHICAL ROUTING.
y Routers are divide into REGIONS y Each Router has details about how to route packet within one region only. y For interconnected networks , each network is considered as separate
region.
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Network Simulation :
We carried out the whole simulation experiment in Linux (Fedora 10) using the latest network simulator (NS2.34). Ns 2.34 is a discrete event network simulator used for networking research. Ns2 provides the substantial support for simulation of network layer protocol i.e. routing protocol and transport layer protocol (TCP). We simulate the existing routing protocol over wireless network.
C++ for the core of the ns simulator. OTCL for control the network infrastructure.
y Component of NS-2.34 ns one of the component for generating .tr file. nam to visualize the simulation in graphical interface. xgraph to show the statistical result.
Steps Of Simulation
Tcl script Filename.tcl ns Filename.tcl
filename.nam
Filename.tr
win.tr
Xgraph Filename.tr
Xgraph view
Here source mobile host communicate to destination mobile host through the fixed base station while they are moving . Here we are not considering the hand off mechanism since only one base station.
IMPLEMENTATION
y For implementation let us consider a scenario with three nodes.
1 2
Here node 2 is the base station. Node 0 and 1 is the moving station . we placing each of the node in the simulation environment in terms of its co-ordinate.
CONFIGURATION SETUP 1
Firstly we will consider : (1) Mobility model as
A Wireless Channel. Radio propagation as TwoRayGround. Antenna type as OmniAntenna. Topography space 500*400 area. Maximum no. of node 3 and maximum speed of node 5 m/s. Simulation time 150 seconds.
(2)Traffic model as
TCP connection between node 0 and node 1. Maximum size of a packet 40 bytes. Nodes move towards its destination co-ordinate.
ANALYSIS OF DSDV
y Using the CONFIGURATION SETUP 1 when we use DSDV routing protocol simulation starts at 56.35 seconds.
ANALYSIS OF AODV
y Using the CONFIGURATION SETUP 1 when we use AODV routing protocol simulation starts at 38.88 seconds.
ANALYSIS OF DSR
y Using the CONFIGURATION SETUP 1 when we use DSR routing protocol simulation starts at 40.21 seconds.
So we will measure the difference between the above routing protocol using the above metrics.
COMEPERISION ANALYSIS
DSDV
THROUGHPUTS
87833.4099337707 bit/sec
AODV
63681.219423624 bit/sec
DSR
37633.1191057963 bit/sec
0.131129396542649 second
PACKET SENT
10429
9087
11828
PACKET RECEIVED
10399
9062
11806
Graphical presentation
THROUGHPU TS
100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0
result and we can conclude that.. From xgraph we can say that AODV routing protocol can sent and received packet from larger distance than DSDV and DSR. Throughput of DSDV routing protocol is better than DSDV and DSR. End to end delay of DSDV is less than AODV and DSR. Packet delivery ratio of DSR is better than AODV and DSDV. BUT SINCE WE ARE MAINLY CONCENTRATE ON DISTANCE SO WE CAN SAY THAT AODV ROUTING PROTOCOL IS BETTER THAN DSDV AND DSR IN TERMS OF DISTANCE.
CONFIGURATION SETUP 2
(1) Mobility model as
A Wireless Channel. Radio propagation as Shadowing. Antenna type as DirAntenna.(For long distance) Topography space 1000*800 area. Maximum no. of node 3 and maximum speed of node 10 m/s. Simulation time 150 seconds.
(2)Traffic model as
TCP connection between node 0 and node 1. Maximum size of a packet 40 bytes. Nodes move towards its destination co-ordinate.
AODV
61556.2082014668 bit/sec
DSR
33155.3655969049 bit/sec
0.156224659065981 second
0.243004117701172 0.186042924432873 second Second 98.4912358553361 bytes 9014 99.459234608985 bytes 4808
PACKET RECEIVED
3016
8878
4782
GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
THROUGHPU TS
70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0
GRAPHICAL COMPERISION OF AODV AND DSR IN CASE OF BOTH SHORT AND LONG DISTANCE
0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 AODV DSR Long dist. end to end delay 98.5 98 97.5 AODV DSR Long dist. Packet delivery ratio Short dist. End to end delay 100 99.5 99 Short dist. Packet delivery ratio
THROUGHPUTS
70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 Long dist. Throughputs 20000 10000 0 AODV DSR
RESULT
y From the above in case of both short and long distance point of view we conclude that
In case of end to end delay and packet delivery fraction DSR protocol perform better than AODV protocol in long distance communication. In case of throughputs AODV protocol perform better than DSR protocol in long distance communication. Since , in today s world everybody want high speed communication so AODV ROUTING PROTOCOL CAN BE USED FOR LONG-DISTANCE RURAL WIRELESS NETWORK.
FUTURE WORK
y We analysis the routing protocol maximum up to 3 kilometer length , i.e. AODV is better up to 3 k.m. range . In future it can be also extend the length up to 20 k.m or 30 k.m and so on.
y We analysis only the existing routing protocol , In future it can be also analysis the some new routing protocol such as , ADVANCED GREEDY FORWARDING , PREFERRED GROUP BROADCASTING etc.
REFERENCES