STORAGE OPERATIONS FOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

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INTRODUCTION
 Fresh fruits and vegetables have a higher moisture content.  Post harvest behavior depends on various pre- harvesting conditions.  Factors affecting fruits and vegetables Temperature - Relative humidity Light Texture of soil - Rainfall and Soil management.
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AIM OF STORAGE
To control the rate of Transpiration - Respiration - Disease To control life process Germination - Discoloration - Toughening Processing Preservation
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IMPORTANCE OF STORAGE
 Quality  Shelf life stability

FACTORS AFFECTING STORAGE

o Harvest and handling practices o Pre cooling o Variety o Stage of maturity o Cleanliness
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CLASSIFICATION OF STORAGE OPERATIONS

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Natural Storage Operation

Definition :  Any storage conditions without any artificial means which is used to store the produce  It aims at letting the fruit mature or ripen on the plant as long as possible by delaying the harvest .  Eg : Potato , Sweet Potato, Yam, Ginger, Banana
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Artificial Storage Operations

Classified into many types: Field storage Ventilated storage Cellar storage

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Field Storage
Field is the storage area Done by digging pits or trenches They are dug in the ground and the vegetables are stored in them after being covered with soil, on the surface. The pit is covered by hay or straw, in order to protect from water leakage or freezing.
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Structure of Field Storage

On both sides tunnels are dug After the vegetables are stored with straw (12 layer) And then soil is covered with hay or straw to( 812) Then the top is covered by stone
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Advantages:  Can be done any where and at any time in the whole field Suitable for short term storage Disadvantages: Quality is affected by weather or soil conditions Pests can easily penetrate into the storage area
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Ventilated Storage Operation

Used for the storage of produce with a long storage potential, such as roots and tubers, pumpkins, onions and hard white cabbage. Such stores must be designed and built specifically for each intended location. The free circulation of air through the structure and its contents is necessary.

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Ventilated storage

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Cellar Storage
built underground or A structure partially underground, used to store fruits and vegetables. Root cellar - type of cellar which is used to store food at low temperature and steady humidity.

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