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RELIGIONS IN ASIA

RELIGION
Is defined as an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, practices and worship that centers on one god or more gods. Religion had greatly influenced the history and culture of Asian nations today, as well as the past centuries. There are several religions in the world. This Report will concentrate only on the religions that its origin in Asia.

FEATURES:
Hinduism Buddhism Islam Christianity Jainism Judaism Sikhism Taoism Sikhism

HINDUHISM

HINDU TEMPLE

HINDUISM
Is the oldest religion in the world. It is the major religion in India. The Hindu religion affected the Indian culture so much that it enters every aspect of human experience in the form of ceremonial actions and rituals. Hinduism is not exactly an organized church. Instead is observed in a persons daily life and actions.

HINDUISM ORIGIN & BELIEFS


Hinduism was believed to have originated from the Aryans. Hinduism has no specific founder. Its origin lies in prehistory. Followers of Hinduism achieve goals through worship, the attainment of knowledge and a lifetime of virtuous acts. Hymns of Hinduism is found in Vedas. Vedas are the oldest Hindu scriptures. Rig Veda is the most important Vedas. Hindus believe in soul never die. The made a transmigration called samsara or reincarnation.

HINDUISM ORIGIN & BELIEFS


Hindu believes in Karma. That every action good or bad has the effect in daily life. Brahma is known to be the god of gods; the divine being and creator who created the whole universe . Shiva, (the Destroyer) have many roles in Hindu religion. Shivas power is emphasized in his statue.

BRAHMA

SHIVA

HINDU RITUALS
Hindu make pilgrimages to Indias Ganges river. They consider the Ganges a sacred site in the Hindu religion. Most Hindu come to bathe in water; an act they believe will cleanse and purify them. The sick and disabled come in the belief that the holy water might cure their ailments.

HINDU RITUALS

Hindu rituals in the Ganges. Hindu perform ritual of tarpon after a dip in the Ganges River, Mahalaya is the day when Hindus pray for the souls of their departed fathers.

HINDU CELEBRATIONS
The Hindu celebrate the holi. This festival is a tribute to shiva. The festival honors shiva with load and colorful parades and games. The Divakli is a new year festival celebrating the story of the gods Rama and his wife Sita.

HINDU CELEBRATIONS

A Hindu priest performs morning fire rituals on the Ganges river.

THE SACRED OM
The sound Om is the sacred syllable for the hindus and is often used for prayers. Om is composed of the three sounds au-m and the symbols threefold nature meaning. Represent 3 triads; worlds-earth, atmosphere, and heaven; 3 major Hindu godsBrahma, Vinshu and shiva and the 3 sacred Vdeic scriptures- rig, yajur ,and sama

MAJOR HINDU SET


Shaktism

Vaisnavite

HINDUISM
Shavite

Reformed Hinduism

BUDDHISM

BUDDHISM
Buddhism emerged in the India in the sixth BCE, when a young Hindu prince named Siddharta Guantama became so concerned about the apparent emptiness of human existence. Legend said that Gautama was bothered, when he came across human sufferings. It was then that he realized that life is an endless cycle of pain and the only way to escape it was by seeking wisdom.

LORD BUDDHA

The main image of Lord Buddha in Bodh Gaya temple.

TEACHINGS OF BUDDHISM
Buddha taught the 4 main ideas called Noble Truths. 1. All human life is full of suffering and sorrow. 2. Suffering and sorrow are caused by mans greedy desire for pleasure and material things. 3. By renouncing desire, a person is freed from having to be born again. 4. Renunciation of desire and attainment of Nirvana may be gained by following the middle way.

SPREAD OF BUDDHISM
It was not intention of Gauntama Buddha to established a religion but upon his death, his disciples preached Gauntamas teachings, which later on become the basis of the Buddhist religion. His teachings were handed down orally and were eventually written in a collection of writings called the Tripitaka or Three Baskets.

MAJOR BUDDHIST SECTS


At present, wide variety of Buddhist movements are known. Zen Buddhism spread quickly in Japan. The name Zen came from the Japanese word Zazen which mean to sit or meditate. Buddhism is dominant in Thailand. The religion has no central authority. However, each school has its own teachers and spiritual guides. The Dalai Lama of Tibet helped raise profile of Buddhism.

A young boy in Mandalay, Myanmar, receives his robes during a shinbyu ceremony marking his initiation as a novice Buddhist monk. Boys generally remain monks for several weeks or months and then return to a normal lifestyles.

BUDDHIST CELEBRATION

The Buddhist celebrates the wesak(may/june) which is the birth, enlightenment and the death of Buddha, all of which Happened on the same day in different years.

WHEEL OF LAW
The 8-spoked Dharma wheel or Dharmacharka symbolizes the Buddhas turning wheel of thruth or law. The Buddha is known as the wheel turner.

MAJOR BUDDHIST SECTS


Mantrayana

Theravada

BUDDHISM

Mahayan

ISLAM

ISLAM
there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad (S.A.W.) is the prophet of God. This is the declaration of the Muslims. Islam means submission, the religion was founded by Muhammad in Medina. For Muslims, Allah is the one who creator of the Universe. Koran or Qur-an is the holy book of Islam which contains Muhammad teachings as revealed by Allah.

TEACHINGS AND BELIEVES OF ISLAM


Every Muslim believer is expected to carry out of five Pillars are the following:  Shahada- there is no God but Allah.  Salah- five times prayer.  Zakat- giving a portion of wealth to the poor for 2%.  Sawm- fasting in the month of Ramadan.  Hajj- pilgrimage in Mecca at least once in a lifetime. Beside of the five pillars, Muslims do not eat Pork nor Drink wine/rhum. A man allows to marry 4 wives, provided they are treated equally. They are forbidden to marry non-muslims.

MECCA

Mecca, the center of Islam Religion, the literal meaning of Islam is peace. This Mecca is the holy land of Muslims.

SPREAD OF ISLAM

By the year 644 CE Islam had spread west from Jerusalem through the Muslims holy war known as Jihad. At present, there are millions of Muslims worldwide. Most of them are concentrated in Arab Countries, North and west Africa, and Southeast Asia.

ISLAM CELEBRATION
During the sacred month known as the Ramadan, Muslims fast or Abstain from food and drink, from drawn to sunset. This is done in signs of obedience, humility and self-control. The fasting traditionally ends with eating a few dates and milk or water, followed by the sunset prayer. The most important night of Ramadan is called of night of power. This is believed by Angel Gabriel, the messenger of Allah, first spoke to Muhammad(S.A.W.)

THE STAR AND CRESCENT

There are no official Islamic symbols, but several symbols or images have special place in Islam. The star and crescent is the best known symbol used to represent Islam. It represents the flags of many countries in the Islamic world, particularly Turkey and Pakistan.

MAJOR ISLAM SECTS

Sunni

ISLAM

Shiite

CHRISTIANITY

CHRISTIANITY
The Christians are monotheists. They believe in one God as creator of the universe who created human beings to have a special relations with him. The bible, the holy book of the Christians, consist of the accounts of the life of Jesus Christ, the anointed one. Christians believe that Jesus was crucified and died (Muslims believe that Jesus is only a Prophet). The ten commandments are the basis religious law of the Christians.

SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY
It was the apostles of Jesus Christ who spread Christianity as a religion. The bible was translated into many languages. Christianity has different branches or churches. Catholicism is the largest, under the leadership of the pope, who is in Rome, Orthodox is led by a patriarch, while the Protestant branch out into different organization. Palestine is the Holy land of the Christians.

MAJOR SECTS OF CHRISTIANITY


Roman Catholic CHRISTIANISM Eastern Orthodox

Protestant

Baptist AME Lutheran Methodist Episcopal Church of God Presbyterian Pentecostal Mormon

CHRISTIAN RITUALS

The cross, a symbol of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, represent Jesus Love for humanity in dying for mans sins. The picture below shows the Christians who celebrating the Easter.

JAINISM

JAINISM ORIGIN AND BELIEFS


Jainism comes from the word Jina, which means conquer or those who overcome. the Jinas are otherwise known as tirthan-karas or bridge builders. The followers of Jainism believe reincarnation. Its philosophy relies on self effort. Any soul, which has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state of supreme being is called Jina, conqueror or victo. Jainism is the path to achieve this state.

AHIMSA SYMBOL The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahimsa, meaning nonviolence. The word in the middle is Ahimsa. The wheel represent dharmacars, to halt the cycle of reincarnation through relentless pursuit of truth.

JAIN RITUALS

The Paryushana(august/September) is the main festival of the Jains. It is a period of confession and fasting. Mahavir Jayanti marks the birthday of Mahavira, founder of the modern Jain Religion.

JUDAISM

JUDAISM
Judaism is a religion of the Jews. Judaism was the first major religion to teach the existence of only one God. It is their belief that God made a covenant or agreement with Abraham, known s the father of the Jews. It is believed that in 1280 BCE, the promised land or Canaan experienced drought and famine. The Ten Commandments expresses the idea that God is just and God demands a high standard of moral conduct from man. The Torah or the hebrew bible consists of the five books of the old testament in Cathilics.

JEWISH CELEBRATION

the jews celebrates the Rosh Hashanah, their new year; the Yom Kippur, fasting period; and the Pesach or passover, a celebration related to the exodus for the Jewish escape from Egypt.

STAR OF DAVID

The star of david, also called the sheield of david, is the universal symbol of Judaism.

SIKHISM

SIKHISM
Sikhism originated from the Punjab, India in the 15th century. It was founded by Guru Nanak Sikh means follower or disciple. their scriptures or hymns are contained in Guru Sahih. The goal of Sikh is to build close and loving relationship with god. Sikhs believe in single, formless god, under many names, who can be known through meditation. The Mool Mantar is the first hymn composed by Guru Nanak, recited by th sikhs daily.

SIKH PRACTICES
The sikhs are known for their 5K marks. These are:  Kesh-uncut hair.  Kanga-they keep their hair tidy with a comb or turban  Kara-they use a bangle  Kirpan-they always have a small sword or dagger to remind them  Kacchera-they wear trousers, indicating the readiness to fight.

KHANDA
The khanda is the main Sikh symbol. It is composed of four items, all traditional Sikh weapons: a vertical double edged sword with broad blade, also called Khanda; two curved swords, called Kirpans.

THE SIKH CELEBRATIONS

Sikhs celebrates the Baisakli or the founding of the Khalsa which is the community of committed Sikhs.

TAOISM

TAOISM
Taoism originated from the Chinese word Tao which means the way or path. Lao Tzu was searching for a way that would avoid the constant feudal warfare and other conflicts that disrupted society during his lifetime. The result of his book: Tao-te-ching. Followers of taiosm believe that Tao guides life and that harmony with him brings peace and happiness and a struggling against its bring suffering.

TAIOST RITUALS

THE YIN YANG SYMBOL


The symbol represents the balance of opposites in the universe. To the Taiost. The yin and yang can symbolize any two polarized forces in nature.

SHINTOISM

SHINTOISM
shinto means way of the gods . Shintoism is a cosmic religion that finds god in the beauty and symmetry of nature. Shinto accepts the material world as good. Shintoism agrees with the bible that God created everything in heaven and on earth, and every creature is beautiful and perfectly made by God like Jolina.

SHINTO SHRINE

THE TORII SYMBOL


A Torii is a traditional Japanese gate usually found at the entry to a Shinto shrine. Torii symbol of prosperity and good fortune all over Japan.

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