TRANSFORMER PROTECTION

PROTECTION REQUIREMENT
y Protective equipment for transformer protection includes gas

relays which give an alarm on incipient faults , differential system of protection which gives protection on phase to phase faults plus phase to ground faults,other protective relays,and surge arresters which give protection to the insulation from high voltage surges . y The overload relaying may be provided to operate with a time lag to provide back up protection . y Incipient fault include loose connection in conducting path , sparking , small arcing.

Safety And Monitoring Devices

y Fluid level gauge y Vaccum gauge y Pressure/vaccum switch y Sudden Pressure Relay y Pressure Relief Valve y Fluid Temperature Indicator y Hot spot temperature indicator y Gas temperature indicator

Buchholz Relay

Buchholz Relay
y Principle The inciprnt fault in transformer tank below oil

level actuate Buchholz relay so as to give an alarm.The arc due to fault causes decomposition of transformer oil.The product of decomposition contain more than 70% f hydrogen gas, which being light , rises upward and tries to go into the conservator. y The gas gets collected in the upper portion of the Buchholz relay , thereby the oil level in the Buchholz relay drops down.The Float, Floating in the oil in the Buchholz relay tilts down with the lowering oil level.While doing so the mercury switch attached to the float is closed and the mercury switch closes the alarm circuit