Performance Analysis of Discrete Hartley Transform Based OFDM Modulator And Demodulator

ZAKARIA SEMBIRING, M. SYAHRUDDIN SEMBIRING,

Electrical Engineering Department State Polytechnic of Medan North Sumatera-Indonesia Sumatera-

OUTLINE
Research Background Literature1Review Problem Statement Research Objectives Methodology Result and Discussion 3 Conclusions and Future Work 4

RESEARCH BACKGROUND
The rapid growth of Internet traffic, as the emerging of new internet 1 application such as IPTV, video communication, game online, web, voip, etc. The need of bandwith becomes further increase up to triple the bandwidth demand by 2011 (Shieh & Djordjevic, 2010) 3 The more robustness broadband communication system to support high data rate transmission are needed. 4

RESEARCH BACKGROUND

OFDM 1 has emerged as the leading modulation and multiplexing technique in wired and wireless communication systems (Tianhua Chen, 2010)
3

OFDM is being proposed to combine with optical communication system (Armstrong, 2009) 4

LITERATURE REVIEW
OFDM is multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique (Hara & Prasad, 2003). It is extended from conventional MCM, Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). It has high spectral efficiency and resilience against multipath fading (Jha & Prasad, 2007)..

LITERATURE REVIEW

FDM

OFDM

Fundamental principle of OFDM System

LITERATURE REVIEW

FDM

OFDM

Block Diagram of Conventional DFT-OFDM System

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Most of OFDM transceivers employ IFFT and FFT to perform the modulation and demodulation function in transmitter and receiver, respectively. For such long-length IDFT/DFT computations, a huge numbers of complex computations are required and each of them basically involves four real multiplications and two real additions.

PROBLEM STATEMENT Moreover, complex-valued signal is not compatible with optical communication system
The complexity of a DFT-OFDM transceiver will be reduced if corresponding modulator/demodulator is purely real-valued realimplemented using transformation. transformation.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Hartley transform is chosen as an alternative transform to substitute the complex-valued arithmetic calculation, Fourier transform. Why Hartley ??? Harley transform is real-valued transformation Has a very closely related with Fourier transform More efficient Ease for implementation

Faster than Fourier

PROBLEM STATEMENT How to design a low complexity real-valued system to replace the conventional complex-valued Fourier transform. How to obtain and measure the signal waveform for every functional block How to evaluate and analyze the proposed system as an alternative with lower complexity than conventional one.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Good research should have a clear purpose and usefulness to be directed and beneficial to all parties. Therefore, the purpose and usefulness of this thesis was formulated as follows:

To design a simulation model of proposed system To evaluate the possibilities of this system as a low complexity and real-valued OFDM signal real To analyze the system performance of the proposed system. To compare the complexity of this system with conventional DFT-OFDM system.

METHODOLOGY
Proposed DHT-OFDM System

METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY

Using the matrix approach by(Shah & Rathore, 2009), the DHT can be expressed as:

METHODOLOGY
The proposed DHT-OFDM system block is investigated for generating and detecting OFDM signal instead of conventional complex and mature DFT-OFDM. The first block is the random data generator, which is shown here merely completion purpose.

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METHODOLOGY
The next block is a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) constellation mapping block. BPSK is chosen as the purpose to provide the simple real-valued signal as the input of the IDHT block for generating the OFDM signals
S c at ter plot 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 Q uadrat ure 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 -1 -0.5 0 In-P has e 0.5 1

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METHODOLOGY
The next block is the IDHT block, one of the most important blocks of OFDM. This block is designed as a tunable system so this system can be used for several number of subcarriers and various number of data sources.
OFDM signals as the output of IDHT 0.15 0.2 A m p lit u d e 0.1 0.05 0 0 -0.05 -0.1 60 40 Frequency 20 0 0 20 Time
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-0.2 80 40 60 80

-0.15

METHODOLOGY
The next block is the IDHT block, one of the most important blocks of OFDM. This block is designed as a tunable system so this system can be used for several number of subcarriers and various number of data sources.
O F D M s ig n a l s pe c tru m fo r N = 1 0 o nly 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Magnitude

4 5 6 F req u e n c y (H z )

10

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METHODOLOGY

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The output signal waveform of each functional block OFDM system were measured to show the performance of the proposed system and each of them can be depicted as follows:
A. Output signal of BPSK Random binary data
D ata Input 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 A m plitude (volt) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

Signal output of BPSK

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30 40 N um b er o f bits

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

B. Signal output of IDHT as individual subcarrier.
In d ivid u a l s u b c a rrie r, k = 1 fo r N = 6 4 0. 2 0. 15 0. 1 0. 05 0 -0 .0 5 -0 .1 -0 .1 5 -0 .2 Amplitude Amplitude 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 -0 .0 5 -0 .1 -0 .1 5 -0 .2 In d ivid u a l s u b c a rrie r, k = 2 fo r N = 6 4

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Ind ividu al s ubc a rrie r k = N -1 for N = 64 0. 2 0. 15 0. 1 0. 05 Amplitude

Amplitude 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 -0 . 0 5 -0 . 1 -0 . 1 5 -0 . 2

In d ivid u a l S u b c a rrie r k = N -2 fo r N = 6 4

0 -0 .05 -0 .1 -0 .15 -0 .2

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

C. OFDM signal as the output of IDHT
OFDM signals as the output of IDHT 0.15 0.2 A m p litu d e 0.1 0.05 0 0 -0.05 -0.1 60 40 Frequency 20 0 0 20 Time 40 60 80 -0.15

-0.2 80

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

C. OFDM signal as the output of IDHT
The s pec tral of O F DM s ignal 8

M a g ni tu d e

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20

30 F requ enc y (Hz )

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

C. OFDM signal as the output of IDHT
The spec tral of OFDM signal 8 7

O F D M s ignal s pec trum for N = 10 only 10

M a g ni tud e

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

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M agni tude

4 5 6 F requenc y (H z )

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

D. Plotted graph of average BER vs. SNR for number of source = 1024 bits (1 kbits)

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

E. Plotted graph of average BER vs. SNR for number of source = 10240 bits (10 kbits)

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

F. Effect of SNR toward quality of the Received Image
Data O utput Im age when S NR = 0 1 0.8 0.6 Y
Y Data output im age for SNR = 5 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 X

0.4 0.2 0 X

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

F. Effect of SNR toward quality of the Received Image
Data Output Im age when S NR=15
1

Output Im age when SNR = 10

1 0.8 0.6 Y 0.4 0.2 0 X

0.8

0.6 Y

0.4

0.2

0 X

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

F. Effect of SNR toward quality of the Received Image

Data O utput Im age when S NR = 25 1 0.8 0.6 Y

Y

Data O riginal Input 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 X

0.4 0.2 0 X

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

G. Complexity of System Design

0.707

-0.707

N N 3N N 8 4 8 2

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

G. Complexity of System Design

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

F. Complexity of System Design

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

G. Complexity of System Design

NM = N log2 N

CONCLUSION
OFDM system model using IDHT/DHT instead of IDFT/DFT was designed and investigated. BPSK was chosen as constellation mapper for generating real-valued data.

The system model for simulation was designed as tunable system so the number of subcarriers used and the length of data source was adjustable.

CONCLUSION
The effect of number of subcarriers used in the system towards BER versus SNR was measured and showed that more number of subcarriers higher bits of error was achived. The AWGN channel model was used in this research so the plotted graph of BER versus SNR showed that BER was decreased when the given value of SNR was increased. However the length of CP was not effected the system performances due to the rayleigh fading channel model was not performed.

FUTURE WORK
After successfully using IDHT/DHT for generating OFDM signals, the less computing time and simple arithmetic calculation were achieved. There is no doubt to conduct the implementation of OFDM system on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)[2].

Since this proposed system has some advantages in term of signal output waveform in real-valued signal, for next research, DHT Based OFDM system is proposed to be applied in optical communication systems [2,10,14].