Calcium Metabolism, Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin

Shibani Hegde-080201024 Riddhi Joshi-080201027

Calcium-Importance
Key role played by calcium in: 1.Skeletal muscle contraction 2.Cardiac muscle contraction 3.Smooth muscles contraction 4.Blood clotting 5.Transmission of nerve impulses

Distribution of Calcium in the Body

% distribution of total body calcium 1. ECF - 0.1% 2. Intracellular 1% 3. Bones Rest (Serve as Reservoirs) Calcium Distribution in ECF

Calcium Exchange Between Different Tissue Compartments

100 0

Bone And Its Relation to Extracellular Calcium

Bone = matrix (collagen + ground substance) + salts (mostly hydroxyapetite, some amorphous) Exchangeable calcium readily mobilizable salts like calcium phosphate and other amorphous salts

Calcium regulation

Vitamin D
Skin: dehydrecholesterol converts to cholecalciferol 25 hydroxy cholecalciferol {calcifediol} (liver) 1, 25 dihydroxy cholecalciferol {calcitriol} (kidney) active component increases calcium and phosphate levels Bone : promotes absorption

PTH
Activated when calcium is low in plasma Increases calcium levels in blood Bone : increases resorption Kidney : increases absorption Also enhances activation of Vit D in the kidney

calcitonin
Activated when calcium is high in plasma Antagonist of PTH Decreases calcium levels in blood Bone : decreases bone resorption Intestine : decreases intestinal absorption