ANDROID

(a mobile robot usually in human form)

PRESENTED BY Pannagendra.k.L. 4su09EC405

INTRODUCTION TO ANDROID
o Android is a software stack for mob devices includes an o.s,
middleware, key applications.

o Software platform based on Linux operating system. o Developed by Google and open handset alliance. o Developers should write code in java. o Most of android platform is available under apache. o Utilizes libraries of java from Google.

HISTORY
July 2005: Google acquired. Co founders : Andy rubin, Rich miner, Nick & Chris white. 5 NOV 2007: OHA founded, with 34 hardware ,software comps. Unveiled their first product as Android. Derived from Greek andr & oeid s

OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE

 Est. 2007, led by Google,open source  Main product: Android Platform Hardware support of 128Mb of RAM, 256Mb of flash,528Mhz qualcomm processor. Companies involved: google,HTC,intel,motorola etc.,
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ANDROID FEATURES
SOFTWARE FEATURES
o Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine. 2 pass layout, frame flattening. o SQLite for relational data storage(~500 kb). o Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats o (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF) o Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices

HARDWARE FEATURES
o o o o o Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G (hardware dependent) LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent) Graphics Hardware Acceleration Camera, GPS and Compass (hardware dependent) Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing

ANDROID ARCHITECTURE

LINUX KERNEL
It acts as abstraction layer b/w hardware & s/w. Relies on v 2.6. Security, memory management,n/w stack, driver model &
other important issues.

Install drivers. Qualcomm processor 7200A chipsets. Stable o.s for mob platform.
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LIBRARIES
Written in C/C++ System C Library(libc) : BSD derived, tuned for
embedded.

Display/ Graphics(SGL): 2D, 3D graphics can be run on

same apps.

Media Libraries: supports different kind aud & vid

formats.

SQLite RDB engine-light weight LibWebCore web browser engine both Android &
embedded.
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Android Runtime
Conversion from java to hex

.java

javac

.class

jar

.dex

dx

.jar

APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
Enable applications access data from other applications ,sharing

Providing access to non-code resources

Enables all applications to display alerts in the status bar

Manages the lifecycle of applications

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Developing applications

Application building blocks >activity >intent receiver >service & content provider

Android manifest.xml Application lifecycle >foreground process >visible & service process >background & empty process

Flowchart of life cycle

Continued

DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
The Android SDK includes a variety of custom tools that help you develop mobile applications on the Android platform.Three of the most significant tools are: 1.Android Emulator -A virtual mobile device that runs on our computer -use to design, debug, and test our applications in an actual Android run-time environment 2.Android Development Tools Plugin -for the Eclipse IDE(3.2) USED to build and debug android apps. 3.Dalvik Debug Monitor Service (DDMS) -Integrated with Dalvik -this tool let us manage processes on an emulator and assists in debugging

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REAL TIME APPLICATION

Uses the Google translator Can be extended with new languages Adaptive GUI Uses XMPP for data transmission GUI fully defined in XML Uses camera input and OCR

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Speciality of Android
Free development platform. Component based architecture. Tons of built in services. Automatic management. High quality graphics. Portability across wide range.
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Advantages
Open platform.
Allows you to access core mobile devices.

All applications are equal.

No differentiation between phones.

Breaking down boundaries.

Combined information.

Fast & easy development. Code portability. Fun apps.

Disadvantages
Security issues.
Black hat hackers.

Open source.
Scrutinize source code.

Login
Does not run on encrypted file system.

Incompetence.

Conclusion
Software installed by end user must be written in java. Android is stepping into next level of mobile internet. Participates with open source projects. Criticized for not being all open source software. Notable contrast with Apple & other companies.

References

http://www.android.com - Android Official Webpage http://code.google.com/android/ - Official Android Google Code Webpage http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/ - Open Handset Alliance Webpage http://www.androidwiki.com Android Wiki http://googleblog.blogspot.com/ - Official Google Blog http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(mobile_phone_platform) Wikipedia Information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebKit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_(software) http://www.itworld.com/google-android-dr-080213

THANK YOU