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Thesis Writing Seminar

Lizyl to edit Master Click R. Rebusquillo subtitle style

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Definitions of Research

It is a systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations , principles or theories resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events (Best,1999).

Res ear Dis ch cip in V line ario s us

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Th e Re se ar ch Pr oc e ss

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Characteristics of a Good Problem

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The topic should be of great interest to you. It is useful for the concerned people in particular. It possesses novelty. A good problem is one which invites more complex designing. A good problem can be completed in the allotted time desired. A good problem does not carry ethical

Sources of Research Problem

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Observation from Theory

Deduction Literature Current

political and social issues experiences and insights

Personal Informal

conversations with professors and classmates priorities of the university, CHED, TESDA, etc priorities of industries or companies of investigations previously done by other researchers

Research Research

Extensions

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Factors that Influence the Selection and Formulation of a Research Problem

Value

of the research project (What are its benefits? Who will benefit?) of data (Are the data accessible? Are the respondents available?)

Availability

Capability Recency

of the researcher (How much do you know about your topic?) of the Issue (Will the result of your study provide a timely benefit to the users or clientele?)

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Writing the Title of your Investigation

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There are some functions that the title serves as it is used in a study:

It draws, in summary form, the content of the entire investigation. serves as a frame of reference for the whole thesis. enables the researcher to claim the title as his own. helps other researchers to refer to the work for possible survey of theory.

It It It

How to write the title clearly?

What to include:

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The main concepts The target population The Research Locale

Baker and Schutz as cited by Sevilla, et. al (1992) recommended the following guidelines in formulating the title: Set the maximum 20 substantive words (function words not included in the counting) Phrases such as A Study of, An Investigation of, A Comparison of, be dropped from the title since all theses or dissertations are investigations.

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Sample research titles in Engineering:

MicroController-Based

Digital Engine Temperature Display with Automatic Start (A. Velasco) of Complex Shape By Means of 6-Axis Control Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting Technology (F. Japitana) Conditions of Selected Buildings in Three State-Run Universities in Manila (Lutap, et. Al) of Dye-Sensitized Water Lily Extract As Light Absorbing Material for

Manufacture

Thermal

Utilization

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Sample research titles in Engineering:

Effect

of Utilizing Crumb Rubber Tire and Coal Combustion By-Products on the Properties of Dense-Graded Asphalt Mix (M. Muhi) and Development of a Prepaid Card-Activated Electric Meter (D. Miranda) Recognition Controlled Wheelchairs for Persons with Disability (R. Ado)

Design

Speech

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Parts of the Thesis Paper

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction

Provides the background information and content needed to understand the paper and shows that there is adequate justification for the writing of such a thesis. the reader to the topic, moving from broad concepts to more specific ideas or by introducing situations, from global to national and to local topic the main concepts of the research

Orients

Introduces

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Background of the Study Discusses the research locale. Specifically

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Theoretical Framework
Theoretical frameworks in research strengthen research in three important ways:

it forms a frame of reference; it provides a general model for analysis of events;

it Where guides reflective theory? making. will I get a related decision

Discuss the theories and/or internet From literature review: ECE books, concepts,

which are useful in conceptualizing the research

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Conceptual Framework CF contributes to a research report in at least two ways because it (1) identifies research variables, and (2) clarifies relationships among the variables. Linked to the problem statement, the conceptual framework sets the stage for presentation of the specific research question that drives the investigation being reported. Usually in a diagram format Present a schematic diagram of the paradigm of

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INPUT PROJECT COMPONENTS/ MATERIALS PROJECT/SYSTEMS OPERATIONS

PROCESS Planning/Designing Development Evaluation

OUTPUT Prepaid Card Activated Electric Meter

Figure 1 Research Paradigm

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Statement

of Objectives

General Objective the overall purpose of your research. Must be reflective of the title. Specific Objective the overall purpose of your research. Each sub-problem should cover mutually exclusive dimensions (no overlapping). The sub-problem should be arranged in logical order from actual to analytical following the flow in the research paradigm.

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Hypothesis (optional)
It

expresses expected relationship between two or more variables. is used when the test of significance of relationships and difference of measures are involved.

It

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Scope and Limitation

Indicate

the principal variables, locale, timeframe, and justification

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Significance
It It

of the Study

describes the contributions of the study as new knowledge, make findings more conclusive. cites the usefulness of the study to the specific groups.

Example Significance of the Study This study is beneficial to the following sectors: To the households. ________________________________________ To the companies/industries. _______________________________ To the Department of Energy. ______________________________ To the Public in general. _______________________________ To Future Researchers. This study could enhance future research endeavor which is of the related topic.

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Definition Only

of Terms

important terms taken from the title, statement of the problem, hypothesis, and the research paradigm are to be defined. terms should be arranged alphabetically and should be defined lexically and/or operationally. operational definition may include measures or indices used in measuring each concept.

The

The

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What is an operational definition? It is how a term or concept based on how practically used in the study.
Academic Performance

Based on the grades of the first 2 sems in college Based on the achievement test performance Based on the general weighted average in HS

Program

Based on courses offered in college Based on software used in running a computer Based on the plan of activities of a group or party

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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This

chapter starts with a brief introductory paragraph concerning the researchers exploration of related literature and studies on the research problem. It states the main coverage of said chapter, to wit:

Foreign Literature Foreign Studies Local Literature Local Studies

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Other

researchers used an alternative format where a review of literature and studies is based according to variables or main concepts of the study. Utilization of Granular Glass, Ground Tire Rubber, and Lahar Sand in Asphalt Mixes as Partial Replacements for Aggregates.

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It

should synthesize evidence from all studies reviewed to get an overall understanding of the state of the knowledge in the problem area; much as possible, the reviewed should be limited within the last ten years. clinching statement showing how the related materials had assisted the researchers in the present study should be the last part

As

Where will I look for RRL?

Go

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to libraries. Online
PUP e-Library

Search

Through Go

to www.pup.edu.ph

Click

STUDENTS, choose LIBRARY AND LEARNING RESOURCES CENTER. Click eBOOKS and eJOURNALS will be directed to Gale CENGAGE Learning. It is the PUP System Online Library. Password is powersearch. eBook collection, click Gale Virtual Reference Library. Enjoy surfing!

You

For

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Google Go

to www.google.com books the topic surfing!

Click Type

Enjoy You

may use other search engines.

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CHAPTER 2 RESERCH METHODOLOGY

This

chapter of a thesis commences a brief statement and enumerating the main topics that are to be covered in it; namely;

Research Design Population/Sampling Instrumentation Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Methods Used

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Research Design The appropriate research design should be specified and described.

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Types of Research Design

It

involves study of the effect of the systematic manipulation of one variable on another variable. In experiments, you seek to control all other variables that might influence the dependent variable.

Experimental Manipulated variable is Research called

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Similar to an experiment, except the researcher does not manipulate the independent variable, which has already occurred in the natural course of events. The researcher simply compares groups differing on the preexisting IV to determine any relationship to the DV. Example: The Effect of Parental Presence on the Academic Performance of Elementary Pupils

Expost Facto Research

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gathers data from individuals on two or more variables and then seeks to determine if the variables are related. Correlation means the extent to which the two variables vary directly (positive correlation) or inversely (negative correlation).

Example: Relationship between intellectual variables and the performance in the Licensure Examination for teachers.

Correlational Research

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Typically addresses the design, development, and evaluation processes ultimate objective of this research is the production of knowledge, often in the form of a new (or an enhanced) design or development model planning, designing and evaluating

The

Involves

Developmental Research

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Instrumentation

Describe the instrument, what it will measure, how to interpret, to whom it will be administered and if it is necessary, describe how it will be administered. how the validity and the reliability will be established. Specify the level of reliability (probability).

Discuss

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Population and Sample

Describe

the population of interest and the sampling of subjects used in the study.

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What kind of Instrument will I use?

Survey

questionnaire Guide Guide

Interview

Observation

You may use a standardized instrument if available. If none, you have to make your own instrument but you need to validate it by experts.

Sample Instrument
Criteria Reliability Safety Economical Advantage User-Friendliness Effectiveness 5 E 4 VG

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Design and Development of a Prepared Card-Activated Electric Meter 3 G 2 F 1 P

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Data Gathering Procedure

Who

will conduct the data gathering? and where will it be done? is the procedure? long?

When How

What

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Statistical Methods to be Used

Determine

and justify the statistical treatment for each sub-problem and justify the scales of values used and the descriptive equivalent ratings, if any.

Determine

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CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Present

the findings of the study in the order of the specific problem as stated in the statement of the Problem.
Present Tabular Textual Graphical

the data in these forms:

(optional)

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Project Project

Assembly and Operation Evaluation Based From Survey

Results

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CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary of Findings

This

describes the problem, research design, and the findings (answer to the questions raised). The recommended format is the paragraph form instead of the enumeration form. each of the problems, present:
The salient findings, results of the hypothesis tested

For

The

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Conclusions
Must

be based on the findings

Recommendations
Must

be based on the findings and conclusions of the study should be feasible, workable, doable, adaptable include suggestions for further studies

They Must

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Other Parts of a Thesis

BIBLIOGRAPHY It

should include all materials used and reviewed by the researcher arranged according to type, e.g. books, periodicals, unpublished materials, etc.

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APPENDIX

It may contain the following: and other forms of communication used computations tables and figures

Letters

Instruments Sample

Additional

CURRICULUM VITAE of the Researcher/s

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Citing References
Remember Properly Use

not to plagiarize.

cite your references.

APA Style

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Pieces of Advice
Earn Each

a lot of patience. member of the group is important time and money closely with your adviser with humor despite hardships professional help

Value Seek Work Work