Study and Optimization of Energy in Sensor Networks

Presented by :

Rahma ZAYOUD

Simbil MAHAMAT AHMAT

Supervised by:
Mrs. Jihne BEN ABDELRRAZEK Planification dun Rseau de Commutation
Miss. Salma BOUAZIZ

14th of May, 2011

OUTLINE
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Introduction Sensor networks Routing protocols for sensor networks Simulations & Results Conclusion

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Introduction

Sensor networks

R outing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

If a tree falls in the forest, how do we hear it?

nail a Sensor in every tree

Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

What if a tree falls and its sensors energy is spent?

Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

The Project s AIM is to optimize sensor energy by implementing the right routing protocol .
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Introduction

Sensor networks

R outing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

What is a sensor?
A sensor is a device which produces a measurable response to a change in physical condition such as temperature or chemical condition such as concentration.

What is a sensor network?

A sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes, which are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it.
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Applications of sensor networks

Military

Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Environment

Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulation s& Results

Conclusion

Health
Circulatory Net

Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Sensor networks communication architecture

Each of these scattered sensor nodes in sensor field The sensor nodes are usually scattered hasathe capabilities to collect data and route data back to the sink

The sink may communicate with the task manager node via Internet or Satellite.
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Factors influencing sensor networks design

Fault tolerance Scalability Environment

Power consumption
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulation s& Results

Conclusion

AODV

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Directed Diffusion protocol :DD

Source

Sink

Interest = Interrogation

Gradient = Who is interested

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Directed Diffusion protocol :DD

Source

Interests Setting up gradients

Sink

Interest = Interrogation Gradient = Who is interested

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector : AODV

The source broadcasts a route packet RREQ source The neighbors in turn broadcast the packet till it reaches the destination

destination
RREP Reply packet follows the reverse path of route request packet recorded in broadcast packet
The node discards the packets having been seen
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy:LEACH LEACH

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy :LEACH

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Simulation tools

The Network Simulator: NS is an object oriented simulator, written in C++, with an otcl interpreter. The TCL language: is a powerful and dynamic interpreted programming language.

The Network Animator: is a TCL/TK based animation tool for viewing network simulation traces and real word packet traces.
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Simulation tools :
The awk language: is used to manage files and generate a file used to plot a graph The tracegraph: is a data presentation system for Network Simulator.

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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Time

Energy
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

Energy

Time
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Introduction

Sensor networks

Routing Protocols

Simulations & Results

Conclusion

The studies and simulations show that the LEACH protocol optimize energy consumption more than DD and AODV protocol. This protocol allows us to space out the lifespan of the nodes, allowing it to do only the minimum works it needs to transmit data. That how LEACH is seen as the protocol who optimize energy in network.

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Thanks for your Attention

Rahma

& Simbil
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