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Green Architecture

Green Materials LEED Renovating Buildings Cost Leilei Shih

What is Green Building?


Green building is the practice of increasing the efficiency of buildings and their use of energy, water, and materials, and reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better siting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal taking into account every aspect of the complete building life cycle.

Green Building (continued)

Sustainable development and sustainability are integral to green building. Effective green building can lead to

1) reduced operating costs by increasing productivity and using less energy and water, 2) improved public and occupant health due to improved indoor air quality,

and

3) reduced environmental impacts by using sustainable resources.

Green Architecture
Practitioners of green building often seek to achieve not only ecological balance but aesthetic harmony as well. The buildings are built out of materials that are good for the environment. The appearance and style of sustainable homes and buildings can be nearly indistinguishable from their less sustainable counterparts.

Energy Conservation
Over one-third of the U.S.s energy is consumed by buildings -This does not consider the amount of energy used in the manufacture of building materials or the finite resources used in product composition Construction debris accounts for nearly 28% of landfill waste

What is LEED?

LEED is the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design building rating program. The LEED Green Building Rating System is the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of high performance green buildings. LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in five key areas of human and environmental health:

sustainable site development water savings energy efficiency materials selection, and indoor environmental quality

LEED (continued)

LEED-certified buildings:

are leading the transformation of the built environment are built as designed and perform as expected have lower operating costs and increased asset value are healthy and comfortable for their occupants reduce waste sent to landfills conserve energy and water reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions qualify for tax rebates, zoning allowances, and other incentives in hundreds of cities demonstrate an owner's commitment to environmental stewardship and social responsibility

LEED (continued)

LEED designation has 4 possible levels: Certified, Silver, Gold, and Platinum LEED applies to both new construction and existing buildings. There are LEED standards for commercial construction and private homes Since its inception in 1998, LEED has grown to encompass over 14,000 projects in all 50 US States.

Material Resource Efficiency


Recycled Content: Products with identifiable recycled content, including post-industrial content with a preference for post-consumer content. Natural, plentiful or renewable: Materials harvested from sustainably managed sources and preferably have an independent certification (e.g., certified wood) and are certified by an independent third party. Resource efficient manufacturing process: Products manufactured with resource-efficient processes including reducing energy consumption, minimizing waste (recycled, recyclable and or source reduced product packaging), and reducing greenhouse gases. Locally available: Building materials, components, and systems found locally or regionally saving energy and resources in transportation to the project site. Salvaged, refurbished, or remanufactured: Includes saving a material from disposal and renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the appearance, performance, quality, functionality, or value of a product. Reusable or recyclable: Select materials that can be easily dismantled and reused or recycled at the end of their useful life.

Green materials are:


Durable: Materials that are longer lasting or are comparable to conventional products with long life expectancies. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) enhancing by utilizing materials that meet the following criteria:

Low or non-toxic: Materials that emit few or no carcinogens, reproductive toxicants, or irritants as demonstrated by the manufacturer through appropriate testing. Minimal chemical emissions: Products that have minimal emissions of VOCs and CFCs Low-VOC assembly: Materials installed with minimal VOC-producing compounds, or no-VOC mechanical attachment methods and minimal hazards.

Moisture resistant: Products and systems that resist moisture or inhibit the growth of biological contaminants in buildings. Healthfully maintained: Materials, components, and systems that require only simple, non-toxic, or lowVOC methods of cleaning. Systems or equipment: Products that promote

Available Materials

Hundreds of types of materials are available, for an incredible variety of uses.

Examples of Materials

Pyroblock is a Class A Fire Retardant Particleboard, MDF, and Plywood. These panels are formaldehyde free, FSC Certified, contain recycled fiber, moisture resistant, and use a rapidly renewable fiber. Plyboo bamboo plywoods are made from grass, a rapidly renewable resource unique to the sheet goods industry both in their unconventional construction and range in size. Agri-Panel is a structural insulated panel manufactured using compressed Wheat Straw. It is used for structural walls , curtain walls, floors, roofs, and firewalls.

Materials (continued)

Eco-Cem(R) cement and cellulose fiber sheets is an innovative hard surface finish material. Extremely resistant material used for flooring, wall coverings, cladding, furnishings or shelving. TrusSteel Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) trusses are pre-engineered for each project and are manufactured by local fabricators. TrusSteel trusses are made from recycled steel and are also fire resistant and mold resistant. Erosion control blankets and turf reinforcement mats for slope, channel, and shoreline erosion control needs, ranging from photodegradable or 100% biodegradable temporary, lightweight straw blankets to heavy-duty coconut and permanent channel liners.

Materials (continued)

Reflective Insulation was designed by NASA for the Space Program to protect astronauts and space crafts from extreme heat and cold. It is now used in homes to lower utility bills. Nanogel (aerogel) is the lightest, best insulating solid material. Ideally used in daylighting to meet strict energy and building codes due to superior insulating and light transmission. UV stable, reduces noise, resists moisture, mold and mildew. Energy efficient daylighting controls using suspended particle device (SPD) film with randomly oriented microscopic particles to block daylight. Regulated voltage controls the amount of light, glare and heat through windows, doors, skylights and partitions, blocking 99% of harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays.

Renovations
Renovations are a great opportunity to make buildings green! Remodeling an existing building is a resource-efficient choice. Buildings are evaluated to determine its condition and identify what could be reused or recycled.

Renovation of Ridgehaven

The Ridgehaven Green Office Building for the City of San Diego Environmental Services Department is the first building ever to achieve the Energy Star performance designation from the EPAs Energy Star Building Program. Savings of over 65% in energy consumption compared to the original building prior to renovation upgrades. This translates into about $80,000 in annual energy savings. Most of the energy savings can be attributed to the renovation design, which utilized high efficiency mechanical systems, energy saving lighting, and computerized controls.

Ridgehaven (continued)

LEED Gold level Most of the materials used had recycled content such as: cellulose insulation, fiberboard, ceramic tile, toilet partitions, steel framing, carpet tiles, carpet base, acoustical ceiling tiles, linoleum sheet flooring, countertops, and gypsum board. A lot of stuff was salvaged! The Green Ridgehaven building is visually identical to its neighbor.

Cost of Green Building


It is a myth that green building is more expensive.

Cost of Green Building (continued)


Initial costs are approximately 2% more than traditional building Lifecycle savings will yield more than 10 times the initial investment, or 20% of the construction costs.

Some Financial Benefits of Green Building


Energy and water savings Reduced environmental costs from pollution Occupant health and safety- improved employee efficiency Reduced maintenance/replacement costs over the life of the building

Cost Reduction

As markets are developed for recycled and green building material costs will go down further.

Summary
Building green is good.

Discussion Question

If Green Building is cost efficient and user friendly, will it become more mainstream? If not, what could be some other incentives?

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