Surgical Tools Redivac Drain & Laryngoscope

By Muhamad Faiz The Famous 6

Drains
Drains are put in by the surgeon to allow any fluid or air collecting at the operation site or in (he wound to drain to the surface while allowing the main wound to heal. Fluids to be drained include blood, pus, urine, faeces, bile or Lymph. Drains may be: 1 superficial, i.e. in the wound; 2 deep: (a) intraperitoneal, e.g. covering an intestinal anastomosis, (b) in a hollow organ or duct, e.g. a T-tube in the bile duct, (c) in an abnormal channel, e.g. a fistula, (d) to drain a deep cavity, e.g. an abscess or haematoma In addition drains may be: 1 open, i.e. draining into a dressing or bag open to the air: 2 closed, i.e. draining into a sterilized air-right tube and container. The drainage system may be: (a) on tree drainage, e.g. drainage of ascites by gravity; (b) on suction, e.g. Redivac drains: (c) controlled by a one-way valve, e.g. an underwater sea! or chest drains

Redivac drain
This is a fine tube. with many holes at the end, which is attached to an evacuated glass bottle providing suction. It is used to drain blood beneath the skin, e.g. after mastectomy or thyroidectomy, or from deep spaces, e.g. around a vascular anastomosis Indication 1. used mainly after operations on the abdomen 2. Following surgery to the breast and/or under the arm, a wound drain may be inserted

Removal of drains
A drain is removed as soon as it is no longer required. Hence it is necessary to know the purpose for which it was inserted and you should ascertain this from the surgeon at the time of operation. The following are general guidelines: 1. Drains put in to cover perioperative bleeding and haematoma formation, can come out after 24 48 hours. 2. Drains put in to cover serous collections can come out after 35 days. 3. Where a drain has been put in because the wound MAY later become infected, it should be left for 1-5 days. 4. Drains put in to cover intestinal anastomoses should not be removed untill after 57 days. 5. A T-tube can be removed after 6 10 days. Before this is done, a T-tube cholangiogram must be performed to make sure that there is distal patency in the common bile duct. Some surgeons clamp the T-tube for 24 hours before it is removed. 6. Chest drains - see management of thoracotomy.

Laryngoscope
A diagnostic instrument that is used to examine the interior of the larynx a rigid or flexible endoscope passed through the mouth andequipped with a sourc e of light and magnification, for examiningand performing local diagnostic and surg ical procedures on thelarynx. laryngoscope consists of a handle containing batteries with a light source, and a set of interchangeable blades. Type of laryngoscope
Conventional laryngoscope Fiberoptic laryngoscopes Video laryngoscope

Indication Laryngoscopy endotracheal intubation

Laryngoscopy
Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general anesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for procedures on the larynx or other parts of the uppertracheobronchial tree Direct laryngoscopy indirect laryngoscopy An indirect or direct laryngoscopy helps a doctor: Find the cause of voice problems, such as a breathy voice, hoarse voice, weak voice, or no voice. Find the cause of throat and ear pain. Find the cause for difficulty in swallowing, a feeling of a lump in the throat, or mucus with blood in it. Check injuries to the throat, narrowing of the throat (strictures), or blockages in the airway. Direct rigid laryngoscopy may be used as a surgical procedure to remove foreign objects in the throat, collect tissue samples (biopsy), remove polyps from the vocal cords, or perform laser treatment. Direct rigid laryngoscopy may also be used to help find cancer of the voice box (larynx). Depending on the circumstances, you may need anesthesia.