ISAE UNIVERSITY

EQUIVALENCE
By: Odalys Chavez de R. Maria Lopez

EQUIVALENTS TRANSLATION
Is above all an activity that aims at conveining meaning o meanings of a given linguistic diverse from one language so another rather than the words or grammatical structures of the original, we should look briefle at the most significantand recent development in the field of study of meaning or semantic.

The meaning of a given word or set of words is best understood as the contribution that word or phrase can make to the meaning or function of the whole sentence or linguistic utterance where that word or phrase occurs.

The meaning of a given word is government not only by the external object or idea that particular word is supposed to refer , but also be the use of that particular word or phrase in a particular way in a particular context and to particulate effect.

The meaning of reference, is often refered to as the referential meaning, the lexical meaning the conceptual meaning or the denotative meaning.

EXAMPLES
Idioms with similar meanings can be found in many languages: English: Call up Spanish: Llamar French: tlphoner German: anrufen Chinese: da din-hu

English: fill out Spanish: llenar French: remplir German: ausfullen Chinese: bind

English: let go of Spanish: soltar French: lacher German: freilassen Chinese: shfng

PROVERBS
Cant talk

PROVERBS
English: Between the word and the dedd, there is great gulf. Spanish: Del dicho al hecho, hay mucho trecho. English: Better alone than in poor company. Spanish: Mejor solo que mal acompaado

English: Tell me who you walk with and you tell me who you are. Spanish: Dime con quien andas y te dir quien eres.

In other words Equivalents translation shoul operate in the way the given linguistic system is used for actual communicative purposes, not on the level of the referential meeaning of the formal sentence structure.

If a specific linguistic unit in one language carries the same intended meaning / message encoded in a specific linguistic medium in another, then these two units are considered to be equivalent.
Speciic Linguistic Unit
Meaning Another Specific Linguistic Unit

Equivalence

The domain of equivalents covers linguistic units such as: morphemes, words, phrases, clauses, idioms and proverbs. So, finding equivalents is the most problematic stage of translation.

But it is not meant that the translator should always find one-to-one categorically or structurally equivalent units in the two languages. A word is enough to the wise. A buen entendedor, pocas palabras bastan. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. Ms vale pjaro en mano que ciento volando.

JAKOBSON AND THE CONCEPT OF

EQUIVALENCE Roman Jakobson's study of equivalence gave new impetus to the theoretical analysis of translation since he introduced the notion of equivalence in difference. He suggests three kinds of translation: Intralingual: (within one language, rewording or paraphrase) Interlingual (between two languages)

Intersemiotic (between sign systems)

CONCLUSION
The notion of equivalence is one of the most problematic and controversial areas in the field of translation theory. The term has caused an extensive analyzes in translation studies. This term has been analyzed, evaluated and extensively discussed from different points of view and has been approached from many different perspectives.