Rousseau

Click to edit Master subtitle style
JeanJacques
On the Philoso phy of Educat ion
The Life of Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva, Switzerland on June 28, 1712
Although a Calvinist, Isaac was also a bit unstable. He left his wife and first son, then
Rousseaus mother died one week after Jean-Jacques was born, and he was raised by an aunt and uncle.
They sent him off to a boarding school in the country where, he says, he learned all the insignificant trash that he has obtained
He had happy memories too of his childhood although it had some odd features
His father came back every now & then. He taught young Rousseau how to read and helped him to appreciate the countryside.
When Rousseau was 10, his father fled from Geneva to avoid imprisonment for a minor offense, leaving young Jean-
With them he apprenticed to become a watchmaker like his father.
He developed two other personal qualities: a.) The constant beatings from his uncle (as well as at school) led him to lying and idleness; b.) and adolescence led him to develop a rather bizarre
At sixteen, he ran away from home with no money nor possessions. A priest led him to baroness Mme Louise
Her influence led him to convert to Catholicism, though he was not yet ready to give up his exhibitionism nor his desire to be spanked by lovely ladies.
He eventually developed an onagain, off-again physical relationship with
In the mean time, he walked all over the countryside, often long distances.
He earned his living during this period, working as everything from footman to
By 1745, he met Thrse Lavasseur who worked as a seamstress in the hotel where he was living. She was an odd figure. Made fun of by many of those around her, it was
He believed she had a 'pure and innocent heart'. They were soon living together (and they were to stay together, never officially married, until he
She couldn't read well, nor write, or add up - and Rousseau tried unsuccessfully over the years to teach her. Thrse bore five children - all of whom
He claimed he lacked the money to bring them up properly. There was also the question of his and Thrse's capacity to cope with child-rearing.
Rousseau had argued the children would get a better upbringing in such an institution than he could offer. Last, there is also some question as to whether
Rousseau and Therese lived together until his death. In 1750, he won first prize in an essay competition organized by the Acadmie de Dijon -
His first major work argued that man is good by nature but has been corrupted by society and civilization. Why should we build our own happiness on the
Rousseau's mental health was a matter of some concern for the rest of his life. There were significant periods when he found it difficult to be in the
In 1754, Rousseau returned to Geneva and converted from Catholicism to Calvinism. In 1755, he finished his second major work, Discourse on the Origin
In 1762, Rousseau published two major works: The Social Contract and Emile, or On Education. Both books were banned
"Man
is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. One man thinks himself the master of others, but remains
In the dramatic opening lines to his immensely powerful treatise, "The Social Contract," Rousseau wrote that man was naturally good but becomes corrupted by
He preached a mankind improved by returning to nature and living a natural life at peace with his neighbors and himself.
We are born weak, we need strength; helpless we need aid; foolish we need reason. All that we lack at birth, all that we need when we come to man's estate, is the gift
Rousseau firmly believed that understanding our connection to nature is central to a good education. We evolved from nature, we are a part of nature,
As a result of his controversial works, Rousseau had to flee arrest and went back to Switzerland, where he received the protection of Fredrick the Great of
Rousseau continued to write until his death, even though he faced constant criticism and censure.
Rousseau was a successful composer of music, too. He wrote seven operas as well as music in other forms, and he made contributions to music as a theorist.
Like any protagonists in a novel, Rousseau had his own personal antagonist in the person of Voltaire, who would become his archrival up to their deaths.
Although they are two of the most famous of the great French philosophes, Rousseau and Voltaire hated each other.
Voltaire believed that through education and reason man could separate himself from the beasts; while Rousseau thought that it was precisely all
Rousseau was a great lover of mankind as a collective but was unable to appreciate or get along with any individual persons he encountered in his life.
On the other hand, Voltaire was not a person you wanted to engage in a casual conversation as his contempt and ridicule were fatal.
In 1767, he returned to France and on July 2, 1778, Rousseau died of a hemorrhage while taking a walk on an estate close to Paris. Rousseau was first buried
his grave become a pilgrimage site
During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most popular of the philosophes among
16 years after his death, in 1794, Rousseaus remains were moved to the
The Pantheon was used to house the bodies of key
His remains were laid to rest not far from, of all people, Voltaire, who

Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Works On arts and science (1750) On the origin of inequality among human beings (1754) Nouvelle Hloise (novel, 1761) Emile (novel, 1762) Contrat Social (political program, 1762) Confessions (1764-70)
In Summary, Jean Jacques Rousseau was a fine philosopher of the Romantic Movement who wrote beautifully and
Best Known For As a prominent SwissFrench philosopher who defended the idea that man is good by nature but is corrupted by
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, though of Swiss origin, is often regarded as a French philosopher because he spent most of his
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education
Considering his unusual background, some later philosophers
Why should those concerned with education study Rousseau?
The critics pointed out the following
He had an unusual childhood with no formal education.
He was a poor teacher. He worked as a tutor to the two sons of M. de Mably in Lyon. It was not a very successful experience (nor were his other episodes of
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Apparently unable to bring up his own children, he committed them to orphanages soon after birth.
So, what can such a man offer educators?
The answer is that his works offer great insights on the philosophy of education. Then
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education broad Drawing from a
spectrum of traditions including botany, music and philosophy, his thinking has influenced later generations of educational thinkers -
His book mile was the most significant book on education after Plato's Republic.

It is best to discuss Rousseaus Philosophy on Education by expounding on his novel Emile.
Rousseaus mile is a kind of half treatise, half novel that tells the life story of a fictional
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education In it, Rousseau traces the

course of miles development and the education he receives, an education designed to create in him all the virtues of Rousseaus
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education According to Rousseau, the natural goodness of a man can be nurtured and maintained only according to this
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education The system of education
Rousseau proposes details a specific pedagogy for each stage of life, an educational method that corresponds with the particular
Accordingly, mile is divided into five books, each corresponding to a developmental stage.
Books I and II describe the Age of Nature up to age twelve;
Books III and IV describe the transitional stages of adolescence;
and Book V describes the Age of Wisdom, corresponding roughly to the ages of twenty through
So what happens after age
Rousseau claims that this stage is followed by the Age of Happiness, the final stage of development, which
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education In Books I and II, Rousseau insists that young children in the Age of Nature must emphasize the physical side of their
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Like small animals, they must be freed of constrictive swaddling clothes, breast-fed by their mothers, and allowed to play
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education thereby developing the physical senses that will be the most important tools in their acquisition of knowledge.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Later, as they approach
puberty, they should be taught manual trade, such as carpentry, and allowed to develop within it, further augmenting their physical capabilities
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Rousseau goes on to say that as mile enters his teenage years, he should begin formal education.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education The education Rousseau proposes involves working only with a private tutor and studying and reading only what he
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education He is able to develop his

own faculties of reason, under the guidance of a tutor who is careful to observe the personal characteristics of his student and suggest
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education that Rousseau states
early adolescence is the best time to begin such study, since after puberty the young man is fully developed physically yet still
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education The third book concerns
the selection of a trade. Rousseau believed that it is necessary that the child must be taught a manual appropriate role models of how to live his
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Book IV introduces the study of religion to the passionate, teenaged Emile.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education According to Rousseau,
children cannot understand abstract concepts such as the soul before the age of about fifteen or sixteen, so to introduce religion
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education taught In Book IV, mile is

to approach religion as a skeptic and a freethinker and that he should discover the greatness and truth of God through his own discovery of it, not through the forced
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Religion, however

important to Rousseau, is insignificant in miles education and socialization. It is this section that was largely responsible for the condemnation of mile by
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education After its publication,
mile was banned both in France and Switzerland.
The French parliament ordered the book to be burned, and in 1762
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education only Rousseau writes that

after a final period of studying history and learning how society corrupts natural man can mile venture unprotected into that society, without danger of himself being
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education out in mile does venture

book V, and he immediately encounters a woman, in the form of Sophie. Rousseau devotes a large part of the concluding section to their love story
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education This section on the education of girls which centered on the character of Sophie, proved to be one of his most controversial
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education It underlined the importance of mothers in educating their children, but encouraged teaching girls to be entirely
Analysis of Rousseaus Philosophy on Education
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education KEY ELEMENTS OF
ROUSSEAUs PHILOSOPHY ON EDUCATION
1.) Education should be Childcentered
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education 2.)Education begins
at birth. early education
The first hour of its teaching is the hour of its birth.
Rousseaus Philosophy 3.) Learn Education on by doing

develops participation.
active
It is only by movement that we learn that there are things that are not
4.) through his senses.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education The child learns
All learning begin with sensory impression.
5.) of play.

Rousseaus Philosophy on Education The importance
Let the child be a child. Play is a form of learning, you can learn without words.
Rousseaus Philosophy 6.) Outdoor education on Education
the focus & the power of the environment in determining the success of educational encounters.
Educators must attend to the environment. The more they were able to control it - the more
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Nature, Rousseau
said, is to be the childs primary teacher, with freedom to explore the major teaching
7.) should not come from books, but from life.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Experience
Emile reads his first book at the age of 13.
Rousseaus Philosophy He on minimized Education the
importance of book learning and placed a special emphasis on learning by experience. Our experience is the
Rousseaus Philosophy 8.) on Education vary Individuals within stages - and that education must, as a result, be individualized.
'Every mind has its own
Rousseaus Philosophy 9.) on Education People develop through various stages - and that different forms of education may be appropriate to each.
Rousseaus Philosophy 10.) on Education Discovery learning.

The importance of developing ideas for ourselves, to make sense of the world in our own way. The pupil must be encouraged to reason their way through to their own conclusions - they should not rely on the authority of the teacher. Thus, instead of being taught other
Rousseaus Philosophy 11.) on child should grow A Education
up without adult interference and that the child must be guided to suffer from the experience of the natural consequences of his own acts or behaviour. When he experiences the consequences of his own acts, he advises himself.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education 12.) Education
must not force.
use
Instead, he promoted education that nurtured
Rousseaus Philosophy This in Education on a time when it was thought that if you didnt beat children regularly with a good sized stick, they would grow up
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education 13.)Education comes
from three sources:

from nature, from men, from things.
Rousseaus Philosophy Education from nature acts on Education
independently of mans actions. Education from things depends on man only in a limited extent. Only education from man
Rousseaus Philosophy Rousseau contends on Education that men can attain freedom and independence of thought through naturalistic education.
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education To sum up
these key elements,
Rousseaus Philosophy Rousseau describes on Education
early childhood educational method with the hope of minimizing the obstacles of civilization and bringing man as near to nature as
an
Rousseaus Philosophy for everything is good as on Education
it comes from the hands of the Maker of the world but degenerates once it gets into the hands of man.
Rousseaus Philosophy To the question so often on Education

askedWhat
was really new in Rousseaus approach to
Rousseaus Philosophy Rousseau's philosophy on on Education
education was one in which the child was not coerced into learning certain things but he suggested that the child will learn what it needs to learn in order to interact with the environment it lives
Rousseaus Philosophy Soon Education
How did Rousseau change / influence the modern education system?
Rousseaus Philosophy on Albeit Education
too
idealistic, Rousseaus mile greatly influenced Europe and the
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education Maria Montessori in
Italy, for example, based many of her ideas on Rousseau, as did John Dewey in the US.
Rousseaus Philosophy What Education call now on we
progressive education and learning by doing basically come from mile! Many aspects of his philosophy has been the
Rousseaus Philosophy It can also be argued on Education that project-based learning is an extension of Rousseau's teachings.
In Rousseaus philosophy influenced the: unschooling
Rousseaus Philosophy on Education US, the
Rousseaus Philosophy There are also schools on Education
that have based their structure on Rousseau's teachings. The idea of practical education has been popular off and on, and is
Rousseaus Philosophy And on Education the last but not least, there can be no denying that the history of childcentered educational theory is a series of
Rousseaus Philosophy We on Education we are born weak,
need strength; helpless, we need aid; foolish, we need reason. All that we lack at birth, all that we need when we come to
Rousseaus Philosophy on Educationthe 'Make
citizen good by training and everything else will follow'.
Footnotes
Footnotes
Rousseau advocated the beauty & goodness of nature. Education through the senses & selfdiscovery.
Footnotes
Rousseaus philosophy on education is often referred to as Humanism and/or Romanticism.
Footnotes
For human beings, it was our own day-to-day living that was the center of our search for the truth. Reason and the evidence of our senses were important but they mean nothing to us unless they touch our needs, our feelings, our emotions.
Footnotes
Only then do they acquire meaning. This "meaning" is what the Romantic movement is all about.
Footnotes
Jean-Jacques Rousseau is often considered as the Father of Romanticism.
Footnotes
And the last advocate of Romanticism is Friedrich Nietzsche, who is sometimes considered the Greatest Romantic.
Side notes
Side notes
Rousseau acknowledged that his mile, as a book read by so many, understood by so few, and so ill appreciated.
Side notes
It may even be feared that putting the precepts of mile into practice, scrupulously and to the letter, would lead the
Side notes
Pestalozzi was to have the painful proof of this in educating his son Jakob.
Side notes
The four-year-old boy was usually left to follow his natural impulses, but his father made a point, regularly and without explanation, of crushing his egocentric sensibility in the hope that a sense of
Side notes
What this actually produced was a child that no longer understood what sort of a father he was dealing with: a father who was
Side notes
Jakobs nervous constitution, by nature already vulnerable, was to suffer irreparable damage.
Side notes
Another subject of controversy is Sophies education. Certain statements in Book V of mile are indeed calculated to
Side notes
woman is made specially to please man, she must be educated in accordance with the duties of her gender,
Side notes
must refrain from seeking truths of an abstract or speculative nature and confine herself to household
Side notes
Nevertheless, it would be wrong to overlook those other passages in Book V where Rousseau denounces the trap that democracy represented for women in their claim
Side notes
With their predominantly sensitive, practical nature, women do indeed possess a talent that puts them
Side notes
Womans own violence lies in her charms. This specific adroitness given to her sex is very equitable compensation for what she lacks in strength; without which
Side notes
It is thanks to this superiority of talent that she maintains herself as his equal, and that she governs him by obeying him.
Side notes
Suppose you decided to bring women up like men; men would willingly consent. The more women sought to resemble them, the less they would govern them,
Side notes
This debate leads us to clarify Rousseaus conception of the principle of equality.

It is correct to say that mile was misinterpreted even in the eighteenth century, and today it is still not being read
Side notes
This debate leads us to clarify Rousseaus conception of the principle of equality.

It is correct to say that mile was misinterpreted even in the eighteenth century, and today it is still not being read
The End
Bibliography/So urces
Sources

http://www.keralaeducation.com/display_ http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96jun/ro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_o http://kirjasto.sci.fi/rousse.htm

Rousseau

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Rousseau

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Click to edit Master subtitle style

On the Philoso phy of Educat ion

The Life of Rousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva, Switzerland on June 28, 1712

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

With them he apprenticed to become a watchmaker like his father.

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

He eventually developed an onagain, off-again physical relationship with

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

his grave become a pilgrimage site

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Pantheon was used to house the bodies of key

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

The Life of Rousseau

Rousseaus Philosophy on Education