K3 Rumah Sakit

A.M.Fadhil Hayat

4/16/2012

Rumah Sakit
Salah satu tempat bagi masy utk mendptkan pengobatan & pemeliharaan kes dg bbg fasilitas & peralatan kes Sbg tempat kerja yg unik & kompleks tdk saja menyediakan pelayanan kes bagi masy, tetapi juga mrp tempat pendidikan & penelitian kedokteran Apabila tdk dikelola dg baik, segala fasilitas & peralatannya dpt menjadi sumber bahaya keslmt & kes yg potensial, t.u. bagi petugas kes
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Masalah K3 RS di USA
Bagian maintenance: solvent, asbestos, listrik, bising, panas Bagian cleaning service: deterjen, desinfektan, jarum suntik, dll. Bagian katering: terpotong jari, tertusuk, luka bakar, terpeleset, keletihan, stress kerja dll. Teknisi radiologi: radiasi sinar X, radioaktif isotop, dll. Perawat: back injuries, zat kimia beracun, radiasi, stress akibat shift kerja Petugas ruang operasi: masalah reproduksi akibat gas anestesi, tertusuk, radiasi, dll.

4/16/2012

Kasus kronis & akut pd pekerja RS

Hipertensi Varicus veins Anemia Gangguan ginjal Eksim, dermatitis Low back injuries Gangguan saluran pernapasan Gangguan saluran percernaan

4/16/2012

Potensi bahaya di RS
Pemaparan radiasi Bahan kimia toksik Bahaya biologis Temperatur ekstrim Kebisingan Debu Stress, dll.

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Tipe hazards di RS
Physical exertion Fire & natural disaster Compressed gas Flammable & combustable liquids, vapors, gases Electrical equipments

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Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RS

Central supply Food service Housekeeping Laundry Maintenance engineering Office area Print shops Patient care areas (nursing service) Pharmacy Laboratories Surgical service Temporary personal

4/16/2012

Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RS

Location
Central supply

Type of hazards
Sterilization equipment; sharp objects (blade, needles, knive); material handling; soaps, detergent, cleaning solution

Food services

Handling material; walking on wet & greasy floor; faulty equipment: stove hoods; fire extinguiser syst, kitchen equipment; knives, hot utensils; chemical & physical agent, ammonia, chlorine, drain cleaners; ambient heat; microwave radiation;oven cleaners, soaps & detergent, cautic solution

4/16/2012

Location
Housekeeping

Type of hazards
X-ray; radioisotops; material handling; chemical & physical agent, soaps, detergent, solvents, cleaners, disinfectants, bacteria & viruses Floor, soiled linens, soaps & detergent, high temp, heat stress, lifting & material handling Drive belts, tools, blade, electrical equipment, extention cords, electrical switches, metal ladders, battery-charging; gasoline, dieselpowered equipment; paint, solvent, hand tool, fuel, cylinders; trash compactors, compressor, chemical & physical agent; asbestos, ammonia, CO, noise, pesticides, waste anesthetic gases, ethylene oxide, welding fume

Laundry Maintenance engineering

4/16/2012

Location Office area Print shops Patient care areas

Type of hazards Electrical equipment, carpets, paper & office material, video display terminal Flammable liquids, ventilation, cutters, printing equipment, noise Physical exertion, needles & sharp instruments, obstacle & broken objects, electrical equipment, chemical, antineoplastic drug Equipment, microorganisms, allergic sensitization, chemicals, physical stress, laboratory animals, emotional stress Anesthetic gases, flammable anesthetic, Compressed gas, scavenging

Laboratories

Surgical service

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Bahaya Kecelakaan Kerja di RS

Ketel uap Kebakaran Bahan radioaktif Cedera pd punggung krn mengangkat pasien Pekerjaan menyuntik Terpeleset/terjatuh
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Penyakit Akibat Kerja di RS

Faktor biologik (kuman patogen dari pasien) Faktor kimia (antiseptik pd kulit, gas anatesi, dll.) Faktor ergonomik (cara duduk yg salah, cara mengangkat pasien yg salah, dll.) Faktor fisik dlm dosis kecil & terus menerus (panas pd kulit, radiasi pd sistem reproduksi/darah) Faktor psikososial (ketegangan di kamar bedah, penerimaan pasien gawat darurat, bangsal penyakit jiwa, dll.)

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