A SEMINAR ON

CONDITION BASED MAINTENANCE OF UNDERGROUND CABLE Submitted to

University College of Engineering

Rawatbhata Road , Kota
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

Bachelor Of Technology
In

Electrical Engineering

SUBMITTED BY: OMNA SAINI (09/520) B.TECH, 8TH SEMESTER FINAL YEAR (Electrical Engg.)

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. S. R. KAPOOR (Asst. prof. of Electrical Deptt.)

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[Fig: construction of Underground Cable]

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-3000C

900 C and 2500 C under normal and

under normal and

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CLASSIFICATION OF CABLES
1. Low Tension (L. T.) 2. High Tension (H. T.) ---------------

3. Super Tension (S. T.) ------4. Extra High Tension (E. H. T.) Cables ----- from 22KV to 33KV 5. Extra Super Voltage Cables ------- beyond 132KV A cable may have one or more than one core depending upon the type of service for application. It may be, 1. Single Core 2. Two Core 3. Three Core 4. Four Core
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Fig: H Type Cable

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Fig 3-core pressure cable

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1.

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2.

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3.

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CROSS-SECTION OF UNDERGROUND CABLE

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OPEN CIRCUIT FAULTS

When there is break in the conductor of a cable, it is called open circuit faults. The open circuit fault can be checked by the megger. For this purpose, the three conductor of the three core cable at the far end are shorted and earthed. The resistance between each conductor and earth is measured by a megger and it will indicate zero resistance in the circuit of the conductor that is not broken. However, if the conductor is broken, the megger will indicate infinite resistance in its circuit.

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SHORT CIRCUIT FAULTS

When two conductor of a multi-core cable come in electrical contact with each other due to insulation failure, it is called a short circuit fault. Again we can seek the help of a megger to check this fault. For this purpose the two terminals of the megger are connected to any two conductors. If the megger gives zero reading, it indicates short circuit fault between these conductors. The same steps is repeated for other conductors taking two a time.

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EARTH FAULTS
When the conductor of a cable comes in contact with earth, it is called earth fault or ground fault. To identify this fault, one terminal of the megger is connected to the conductor and the other terminal is connected to the earth.

If the megger indicates zero reading, it means the conductor is earthed. The same procedure is repeated for other conductors of the cable.

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Fig Flexible SF6 -insulated cable for 220 KV

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Fig.- 400 KV Low-pressure oil filled cable with corrugated aluminium sheath

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Fig. High pressure oil-filled cable in steel pipe

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LAYING OF UNDERGROUND CABLES

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Fig- principle design elements of common high and extra high voltage cables

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Overhead Vs Underground
Public Safety : Underground system is more safer than overhead system. Maintenance cost : Maintenance cost of underground system is very low in comparison with that of overhead system. Frequency of Accidents : The chances of accidents in underground system are very low as compared to overhead system. Fault Location and Repairs : Though there are very rare chances of occurring fault in underground system,but if occurs it is very difficult to locate that fault and its repair is difficult and expensive.

Surge Effect : IN underground system surge effect is smoothened down as surge energy is absorbed by the sheath.
Interference to communication circuits : In underground system there is no interference to communication circuits. 34

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