Projectto edit Master Click Members:Hitesh Prateek Jayant Tiwari Navyug Tyagi

subtitle style

Under the guidance of:Mrs S.V.Doke

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MICROCONTROLLER BASED CONTACTLESS TACHOMETER

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Aim of the design is to develop a system based on Embedded microcontroller(8051)whichisusedasadigital contactless tachometer for measuring the speed(in rpm) of the AC(or) DC motor by using Infrared Frequency without the help of a expensive tachometer available in the market.
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INTRODUCTION

It can be used to measure speed of a rotating shaft It can also be used to measure flow of liquid by attaching a wheel with inclined vanes

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Tachometer is used for measuring rotation speed

DESIGN OF A NON-CONTACT DIGITAL TACHOMETER

SHAF T

MOTOR

WATCH LENSE

TO PHOTOTRANSISTOR REFLECTO R

ROTATING DISC

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CIRCULAR ARRANGEMENT

OPERATION OF A NON-CONTACT DIGITAL TACHOMETER

From the reflector light reflects to the watch lens(convex lens). The watch lens(convex lens) is placed between the reflector and the phototransistor which is placed at a distance of 8cm from the phototransistor. Then the light from the watch lens(convex lens) goes to the sensor(phototransistor). And so the phototransistor sends the data to the microcontroller.

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Light is thrown from the pen torch to the reflector.

BLOCK DIAGRAM :
ULN2003 4/22/12 MICROCONT ROLLER IC CA3140 PHOTOTANS ISTOR REFLECTI NG LASER LIGHT

DISPLAY UNIT

BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

The data passes to the Phototransistor and sends it to IC CA3140 operational amplifier . IC CA3140 operational amplifier will receive the data and move towards to the microcontroller unit. The microcontroller unit will send the data into ULN2003 and then to the display unit , display unit will display the message of received data from the microcontroller.

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The power was passed to the microcontroller through the help of battery.

COMPLETE BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCULAR ARRANGEMENT SHAF T

MOTO R

WATCH LENSE

PHOTOTRANSIS TOR

IC CA3140

ROTATING DISC

REFLECTO R

DISPLAY UNIT

ULN20 03

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MICROCONTROL LER

PHOTOTRANSISTOR
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PHOTOTRANSISTOR DESCRIPTION

Aphototransistoris a type ofphotodetectorcapable of convertinglight into eithercurrentorvoltage, depending upon the mode of operation. The most-common variant is anNPNbipolar transistor with an exposedbaseregion Here, light striking thebasereplaces what would ordinarily be voltage applied to thebase -- so, a phototransistor amplifies variations in the light striking it. Note that phototransistors may or may not have abase lead (if they do, the base lead allows you to bias the phototransistor's light response.

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7 SEGMENT DISPLAY
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DESCRIPTION

Aseven-segment display(SSD), orseven-segment indicator, is a form of electronicdisplay devicefor displayingdecimalnumeralsthat is an alternative to the more complexdot-matrixdisplays. Seven-segment displays are widely used indigital clocks, electronic meters, and other electronic devices for displaying numerical information.

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IC (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT)
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CA 3140 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER ATMEL AT8920C51 MICROCONTROLLER ULN2003 CURRENT BUFFER

ICS DESCRIPTION
MICROCONTROLLER :Amicrocontroller(sometimes abbreviatedC,uCorMCU) is a small computer on small computer on a singleintegrated circuitcontaining a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form ofand programmable input/output peripherals . Program memory in the OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER :- form ofNOR flashorOTP ROM is also often included Anoperational amplifier("op-amp") is aDC on chip, as well as a -coupled high-gainelectronic typically small amount of RAM. voltage amplifier small amount of with adifferential input and, usually, a single-ended op-amp produces an output voltage that is typically hundreds of thousand times larger than the voltage difference between Typically a current buffer amplifier is used to transfer a current CURRENT its input terminals. from a first circuit, having a lowoutput impedance level, to a BUFFER : second circuit with a highinput impedancelevel. The interposed buffer amplifier prevents the second circuit from loading the first circuit unacceptably and interfering with its desired operation. In the ideal current buffer in the diagram, the input impedance is zero and the output impedance is infinite (impedance of an ideal current source is infinite). Again, other properties of the ideal buffer are: perfect linearity, regardless of

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PIN DIAGRAM OF ICS(INTEGRATED CIRCUITS)

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ATMEL AT89C2051 MICROCONTROLLER ULN2003 CURRENT BUFFER CA3140 OPERATIONAL

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
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PCB LAYOUT
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COMPONENT PLACMENT
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THANK YOU