Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Pump for Liquid Nitrogen

Nipun P Raval1 , Dr D.S. Sharma1 , Mr. M.K.Gupta2 , Dr V.L.Tanna 2

Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad1 Institute for Plasma Research, Bhatt, Gandhinagar

Abstract
The 80 K thermal shield for the Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1) at Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) is proposed to cool using forced flow single-phase sub-cooled LN2at 80 K. To meet this requirement centrifugal pumps impeller is designed analytically, and are compared with results obtained from different softwares. CFD analysis is carried out on impeller for liquid Nitrogen and pressure and velocity profiles are obtained. Also performance prediction and design of volute is done. Hence design and analysis of centrifugal pump is presented here.

Introduction
Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Booster System is proposed to flow LN2 with inlet and outlet condition of 7 bar(a)/80K and 5.5 bar(a)/90K respectively in thermal shield provided around super conducting magnets , which are to be operated at 4.5 K in Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1). To flow LN2 in closed circuit under steady state, centrifugal pump is required which is cryo compatible and can produce pressure rise of 3.5 bar and flowrate of 50 Liters/Minute.

Figure 1 SST1

Figure 2. Liquid Nitrogen Boosting System

Literature
More than 100 research papers, reference books of different authors like Srinivasan, Stepanoff, Pflider,Tuzon, Sahu , Octo Moniz ,Campbell, Barron , Pump standard API 610, catalog of different companies which are in manufacturing of cryogenic pump etc have been reviewed for pump design, LN2 pump, CFD analysis of Pump, Use of Software, cryogenic application, cryogenic materials etc. It is found from literature review that SS 316 and Al 6061 are widely used for cryogenic application due to higher toughness at cryogenic (Below 123 K) temperature. Regarding pump design it is found radial type, closed impeller with backward curve vane and circular spiral casing is most suitable for given application. Regarding CFD analysis it is found K-Epsilon turbulence model and unstructured mesh are most widely used for the pump. Different setup required for CFD analysis are obtained from various research papers.

Methodology
Flow chart in Figure 3 represents the methodology adopted for design of impeller and spiral casing of the centrifugal pump.

Start

Blade velocity at inlet (u1)

Approximate Plane vane Development

Read:H,Q,n

Inlet Blade angle (1) Obtain w 1 from velocity triangles and find Cm2 and w2 As a first approximation find u2 from fundamental Eulers equation

Calculate Specific Speed ( ns )

Pump Type

Calculate eye diameter ( D0 ) and axial velocity at impeller eye (C0 ) Calculate overall ,Noutput and Torque Obtain Shaft dia. (ds ) and Hub dia.(dh ) Calculate Theoretical Qth , Inlet edge dia D1, flow velocity at inlet Cm0 Obtain Inlet breadth ( B1 )

Depending upon u2 find the D2 and Using first approximated D2 find 2, Z, and correction coefficient and p

Second approximation for u2

Calculate D2

Obtain B2 Verification of Dimension in Ansys and CfTurbo software

Calculate Cm1 by assuming K1

This research was supported by

Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Pump for Liquid Nitrogen

Nipun P Raval1 , Dr D.S. Sharma1 , Mr. M.K.Gupta2 , Dr V.L.Tanna 2
Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad1 Institute for Plasma Research, Bhatt, Gandhinagar

Abstract
The 80 K thermal shield for the Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1) at Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) is proposed to cool using forced flow singlephase sub-cooled LN2at 80 K. To meet this requirement centrifugal pumps impeller is designed analytically, and are compared with results obtained from different softwares. CFD analysis is carried out on impeller for liquid Nitrogen and pressure and velocity profiles are obtained. Also performance prediction and design of volute is done. Hence design and analysis of centrifugal pump is presented here.

Introduction
Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Booster System is proposed to flow LN2 with inlet and outlet condition of 7 bar(a)/80K and 5.5 bar(a)/90K respectively in thermal shield provided around super conducting magnets , which are to be operated at 4.5 K in Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1). To flow LN2 in closed circuit under steady state, centrifugal pump is required which is cryo compatible and can produce pressure rise of 3.5 bar and flowrate of 50 Liters/Minute.

Steady State Superconducting Tokamak

LN2 Boosting System

Literature
More than 100 research papers, reference books of different authors like Srinivasan, Stepanoff, Pflider,Tuzon, Sahu , Octo Moniz ,Campbell, Barron , Pump standard API 610, catalog of different companies which are in manufacturing of cryogenic pump etc have been reviewed for pump design, LN2 pump, CFD analysis of Pump, Use of Software, cryogenic application, cryogenic materials etc. It is found from literature review that SS 316 and Al 6061 are widely used for cryogenic application due to higher toughness at cryogenic (Below 123 K) temperature. Regarding pump design it is found radial type, closed impeller with backward curve vane and circular spiral casing is most suitable for given application. Regarding CFD analysis it is found K-Epsilon turbulence model and unstructured mesh are most widely used for the pump. Different setup required for CFD analysis are obtained from various research papers.