Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Peter Ryser
Outline
Knee prosthesis from our partner Symbios Introduction Current needs (video) System overview Force sensors 3-D kinematics Miniaturization ASIC design and integration Technology demonstrator Knee simulator Achievements and next steps
On the basis of the work undertaken over 15 years at the EPFL, a team of Vincent Leclerc (Symbios) and Prof. Pierre-Franois Leyvraz (CHUV) developed a new prosthesis with an improved design compared to the state-ofthe art SImOS should show if further improvement gives advantages for the
Introduction
4
The expected lifetime of a knee prosthesis is around 15 years, less for young people. A prosthesis failure requires a revision surgery, which is more complex and traumatic than the first replacement An instrumented prosthesis could help in order to:
Correct unbalanced wearing Provide adequate rehabilitation Model force distribution Design new generation of prosthesis
Current needs
6
Real need to get in vivo data & relevant objective outcome metrics
Mobility function
implant parts knee joint potential conflicts with surrounding anatomical structures (ligaments muscles,)
Current needs
7
Real need to get in vivo data & relevant objective outcome metrics
Mobility function
implant parts knee joint potential conflicts with surrounding anatomical structures (ligaments muscles,)
Current needs
8
Real need to get in vivo data & relevant objective outcome metrics
Mobility function
implant parts knee joint potential conflicts with surrounding anatomical structures (ligaments muscles,)
Current needs
9
Real need to get in vivo data & relevant objective outcome metrics
Mobility function
implant parts knee joint potential conflicts with surrounding anatomical structures (ligaments muscles,)
Improved rehabilitation process Improved follow-up process Improved complications detection and corrective measures to take
Origin of pain detection Adapted physiotherapy program for increased knee mobility Sports activities, enhancement programming
System overview
11
SENSORS:
Force measurements
Energy Commands
Kinematics measurements
Magnet
Data
AMR sensors
Sensors
Force
Electronics
Kinematics
System overview
6
ELECTRONICS:
Sensors
Force
Electronics
Kinematics
System overview
6
Sensors
Force
Electronics
Kinematics
System overview
6
In the final system, all the components will be inside the polyethylene part of the prosthesis. All the energy necessary will be transmitted to the electronics by the external reader
Sensors
Force
Electronics
Kinematics
Force Sensors
15
Force Sensors
16
Left
Right
3D Kinematics
17
Magnet 1
A cut of PE sensors
IE angle
-5
-10
-15 0
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10
25
50 Time (Sec)
75
100
2
1 0 -1
Abduction angle
4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 5100 5200 Sample
Flexion angle
-2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 5100 5200 Sample
Micro-motion analysis
19
To see if there is a fracture or micro-motion in bone prosthesis contact, we have done some vibration analyses. module Sensor
(placed on the prosthesis placed in knee) Fixation (3DoF) Vibrator Plastic bone
21
Demodulator
*
Implanted Antenna
MCU
Power Amplifier
Rectifier
High V Regulator
Sensors
Modulator
Uplink
External
Implanted
Implanted coil
1.8V
Sensor Interface
Storage Capacitor
SPI
Meets the high power consumption requirements(~20mW) Application specific antenna and remote powering blocks for high remote powering efficiency design for flexible remote powering
Vd
High V Regulator
2.8V
Sensors
Cd2
Vd 1.8V
Cdoubler
Demodulator
Modulator
High data rate (up to 200 kbits/sec) Air core coil as the remote powering antenna JTAG interface to configure the C
data en en data
SPI Block
SPI
Data Communication Small implanted area with the Blocks storage capacitor
Technology demonstrator
23
Simultaneous acquisition of a force sensor and two channels of a 2D analog magneto-resistors (AMR)
24
It provides the flexibility, precision, and control capabilities to replicate the complex dynamic forces and motions associated with knee movements. It simulates the relative motions of the femur, tibia, and patella, and measures the contact area and pressure distribution on the condyles. It can be used with natural tissues.
Integrated electronics
25
Fully integrated structure based on 2 ASIC and a commercial low-power MCU Remote supply & readout of up to 10 analog sensors
LMIS4
RFiC
ESPL AB
LMAM
LPM2
Analog Front-end ASIC Up to 6 magnetoresistors or Hall sensors Up to 4 gauge sensors 14-bit ADC Comm & Power Low-noise 1000x ASIC gain 1.8 Volt from inductor coil 128 kbit/s uplink 1 kbit/s downlink High efficiency: 85%
Integrated implant
26
The sensors & readout electronics is implemented on a flex PCB, molded into the polyethylene insert of the prosthesis.
1- PE insert 2- Flex PCB 3- Coil for comm & power 4- Force sensors 5- Magnetoresistors (2D) 6- Analog Front-end ASIC 7- 16-bit MCU, TI MSP430 8- Comm & Power ASIC
27
28
EPFL/STI/IMT/LPM2 EPFL/STI/IBI/LMAM
Arnaud Bertsch, Eric Meurville, Steve Tanner Willyan Hasenkamp, Shafqat Ali