Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

What is the rate of a reaction

The rate of the reaction is how quickly the reaction happens.

Fast reaction

Slow reaction

Iron rusting - a CHEMICAL REACTION with a slow reaction rate.

Wood burning a chemical reaction with a fast reaction rate.

Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

collision theory
"You cant react if you dont collide."

3 necessary requirements in order for a reaction to take place: 1. the particles must collide to react. 2. Collision of particles must produce enough energy (to overcome energy of activation) 3. Collisions of particles must be correctly oriented

Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

Prevent Effective collision

Camera to detect fast moving traffic

Effective collision

Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

Activation energy

The energy that must be overcome in order for a chemical reaction to occur Activation energy is the minimum energy necessary for a specific chemical reaction to occur

Activation energy The sparks generated by striking steel against a flint provide the activation energy to initiate combustion in this Bunsen burner.

What is activation energy

A little activation energy is added with the aid of a weed burner...

What is activation energy

Not enough kinetic energy for reactants to leap over reaction barrier.

A "hot" reaction in progress showing reactants leaping over the activation energy barrier

Activation energy

Activation energy

What is activation energy

Only collisions with enough energy react to form products. The critical amount of energy to make the reaction proceed

+ B

C + D
products

reactants

What is activation energy

activation energy

Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

What affects the rate of a reaction? Size of reactant Temperature of reaction mixture

Concentration of reactants
/pressure catalyst

What affects the rate of a reaction? 1. The effect of size of reactant

1. The effect of size of reactant

THE EFFECT OF SIZE OF REACTANT

a reaction between magnesium metal and a dilute acid like hydrochloric acid.

Increasing the number of collisions per second increases the rate of reaction.

THE EFFECT OF SIZE OF REACTANT

Magnesium metal

THE EFFECT OF SIZE OF REACTANT

Magnesium metal

1. The effect of size of reactant

Reducing the size of reactant increases the Total Surface Area

increases the frequency of collisions between particles Increase the frequency effective collisions between particles
Increase the rate of reaction.

2. Temperature

Increasing temperature will increase kinetic energy in the particles

1. The effect of temperature

Increase the temperature of solution increase the kinetic energy of particles

increase the frequency of collisions between particles Increase the frequency effective collisions between particles
Increase the rate of reaction.

3. Concentration and Pressure

Increasing concentration or pressure increases the number of particles per unit volume

1. The effect of concentration

Increase the concentration of solution

increase the number of particles per unit volume increase the frequency of collisions between particles Increase the frequency effective collisions between particles
Increase the rate of reaction.

Properties of Catalysts
- A catalyst will change the rate of a reaction. - The catalyst itself does not take part in the reaction - It is not changed by the reaction - it is not used up during the reaction. - A catalyst is usually a transition metal, a transition metal oxide

4. Catalyst

How does a catalyst work? 1) Provides a surface on which the reaction can take place. 2) This increases the number of collisions between the particles of the substances that are reacting.

4. Catalyst

Often a catalyst is there to provide a favourable surface for a reaction to take place
The black object represents the catalyst

Examples CATALYSTS

reaction Decomposition of manganese(IV) hydrogen peroxide oxide, MnO2 Manufacture of ammonia iron by the Haber Process Contact Process to make vanadium(V) sulphuric acid oxide, V2O5

catalyst

A catalyst provides an alternative route for the reaction with a a lower activation energy.

Activation energy with no catalyst

Activation energy with catalyst

4. The effect of catalyst

Catalyst provides alternative route That has a lower activation energy

So more particles have energy equal or greater than activation energy.

Number of effective collisions increase.

Increase the rate of reaction.

Factors affecting?

What is ?

Collision theory?

Rate of reaction Activation Energy level energy? diagram? Effective collision?

End of slides