Modern Substation Automation Extended Use of the Standard from the Process Bus up to the Control Center

Authors: Klaus-Peter Brand ABB Switzerland Ivan De Mesmaeker Outgoing Chairman of CIGRE B5 ABB Switzerland
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Table of Contents - On-goings Level of integration Standardisation Typical bay and station level IEC 61850 - Use of IEC 61850 - Process bus - Communication between/outside substation - Conclusions
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Level of integration

Breaker 1 Control QB1 Line 1 Main 1 Line 1 Main 2 Breaker 1 Control Line 2 Main 1 Line 2 Main 2 Breaker 1 Control
Breaker 1 Control Line 1 Main 1 Line 2 Main 2 (Breaker 2 Control)

QB1

Line 1

Line 1

QB2 Line 2

QB2 Line 2

QB3

(Breaker 2 Control) Line 1 Main 2 Line 1 Main 1 Breaker 3 Control

QB3

7 IEDs

2 IEDs

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation - Typical bay/station level types

BPS571 BCS671

BPS 571

On supplier side - On utility side

-

Bay Protection Solution

BCS 671
Bay Control Solution

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation - Typical bay/station level types

Required functionality and performance per bay
(Impact on specification)

Lessons learned from CIGRE: Specification functional oriented Away from box to box approach Functionality realised as near as possible to the primary process
Reference: CIGRE Brochure 329 Guidelines for specification and evaluation of Substation Automation Systems
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation / IEC 61850

Interoperability use The ability for IEDs from one or several manufacturer to exchange information and the information for the their own functions.

Long term stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e. it must be able to follow the progress in communication technology as well as evolving system requirements. Free configuration The standard shall support different philosophies and allow a free allocation of functions e.g. it must work equally well for centralized (RTU like) or decentralized (SAS like) systems.

Importance of Logical Nodes

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation / IEC 61850

Important IEC61850 Files in SCL with predefined contents: *.scd describing the complete station including topology, communication and logical nodes *.icd describing device capability, pre-defined IED configuration or a project specific instant of a IED configuration *.ssd (subset of SCD) containing topology and the SA functionality (LNs...) without concrete IEDs to run the functionality
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Interchangeable between different engineering tools of different suppliers.

On-goings: Standardisation / IEC 61850

Prerequisite<?xmlSubstation Configuration Language version=1.0?>
<!DOCTYPE SCL SYSTEM scl-wd4.dtd> <SCL> <Header Ref=CHCRC Pilot MicroTurbines Revision= NameStructure=IEDName/> <Substation Ref=CHCRC><Text>Daettwil/Switzerland research centre</Text> <VoltageLevel Ref=> <Bay Ref=Q1> <Device Ref=T1 Type=GEN> <LNode Ref=1 LNClass=ZGEN IEDRef=KT1/> </Device> <Device Ref=T2 Type=GEN> <LNode Ref=1 LNClass=ZGEN IEDRef=KT2/> <LNode Ref=1 LNClass=EZHC IEDRef=KT2/> </Device> </Bay> </VoltageLevel> </Substation> <Communication> <Bus Ref=XW1 Type=XSAT> <Text>Intranet</Text> <ConnectedAP IEDRef=KT1 Ref=S1> <Address><P1>//Q1T1Host/Driverdir/</P1><P4></P4></Address> </ConnectedAP> </Bus> </Communication> <IED Ref=KT1 Type=CS uTurbine Manufacturer=Capstone> <Services> <GetDataSetValue/> </Services> <AccessPoint Ref=S1> <Server> <LDevice> <LN0 Ref= LNType=LN0>

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation / IEC 61850

Substation Structure =E1 Voltage level 110kV =Q1 line bay / feeder

Contents of a SCD file

IEDs with loaded LNs =Q2 line bay / feeder

=WB1 Busbar 1 =WB2 Busbar 2

=QB1

=QB2 IED -SB1

=QB1

=QB2 IED -SB1

Relation between LNs & single line

=QA1 =QC1

=S1CSWI1

=QA1 =QC1

=S1CSWI1

=QE1

=QE1

=XW1

Complete Single line 8 Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008
th

Communication Subnetwork

On-goings: Standardisation / IEC 61850

Reuse of know-how & engineering Longevity
System Configuration Tool
Control & Protection Concept

of initial investment
Switchyard

Exchangeable
Substation Automation System

Portable
IEC61850 Data Model of the Substation

ABB

2 5 LI NEA O O1 2 kV G B B

= 04 R 1 D +0

import

125 VD C D is tr ibu tuion B at tery D C Dis t ributu ion Ba t tery B 125V A

A B B
A B N ew rkP art er B t o n R L 1 *4 E36

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BA Y C ON TR OL RELA Y REC 316*4

= 04 A O O1 D B B
=W 1

ABB

P W R MO T I N U T O E NI OR G NI

=W 2 -Q 1 SE L -Q 2 SE L

Q - 0 SE L

LA E MP TE ST E

O U R R FE R V I MER

ABB

D TN E S I AC ESC EX E LO C

LO CA L C ONTR OL
A B B
A B N ew rkP art er B t o n R L 1 *4 E36

M ETERI NG

Specification

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

LI N E PR OTECT ION RE LAY R EL 316* 4

AB B
A B N w ork Partnr B t e e RE 5 0 B 0

B U SBAR PROTEC TION R EB 500

Supplier Knowhow

SAS capability

Station Topology

Long term

Short/medium term

Long term

Investments in engineering are save guarded because existing & tested SA design can be migrated to new technology of any manufacturer. 8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Use of IEC 61850 - Impact on specification

- Impact on documentation: e.g. Signal Naming - Impact on engineering: Defined files (SCL files) Importance of the System Integrator (integration of third party) - Impact on testing: Testing facilities
Reference: CIGRE Brochure 326 Introduction of IEC 61850 and its impact on Protection and Automation within Substations
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

On-goings: Standardisation - IEC 61850 Engineering process based on SCL data exchange
Device capability IED Configuration Description (ICD) Device (IED) IED Configured IED Description file (CID)
Device specific tool

Device in the system

SCD per IED

Device data Device data Device data

Device selection
Stand-alone device configuration*

System device configuration System configurator System configuration*

Device data Device data Device data

System Configuration Description (SCD)

System specification description (SSD)

P2KA1 1 C AAS_P2KA1 / S1 (REC 31 - 4) 6
Line
LLN 01 LP H D1 MM XU1

P2 Q J1 2
Q3 E 1

P2 Q J1 3
T1 /

P2 Q J1 4
Q E3

25 SPV
R SYN1 CILO 1 CSW I1

C 3ph B
XCBR1

Q1 C 1

CILO 2

CSW I2

XSWI1

1
C1 T / , ,

Q9

CILO 3

CSW I3

XSWI2

SW _ 3
CILO 4 CSW I4 XSWI3

SW _ 4
CILO 5 CSW I5 XSWI4

CT1 / , ,
Q1 E Q1 E

SW _ 5
CILO 6 CSW I6 XSWI5

Q0 ,

P2FA1 P1 AAS_P2FA1 / IEC 85 (REL 31 61 0 6-4)

LLN01 LPHD1

Q1 VT N

Q2

TVTR 1

21 Z1 <
PD IS1

21 Z2 <
PD IS2

21 Z3 <
PD IS3

21 Z<
PSCH1

ITT

PTR C1

51

I>
1 1

PTOC 1

Function spec

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

V1 T /

SW _ 2

SW _ 1

Q1 C

/ C T1 / , , / V1 T

/ / V T1

C T1 / , ,

Q1 A,
/

Q A1 , Q, A1
Q1 E

2 Q1 B Q1 B Q2 B Q2 B

Q B1

A S_P J1 1 A 2 W

5H 0z

W 1 B 15 V IL 0 0k

P W 2J1 2
5 z 0H W 1 B 150 IL 0 kV

Singl e line

1 Q1 A ,
Q B2

C B_1

P J1 6 2 Q

Q8

VT1 / Q5

Q2 B

Q1 B

Q2 5

Q1 5

System documentation System & device configuration*

Use of IEC 61850 - Impact on specification

- Impact on documentation: e.g. Signal Naming - Impact on engineering: Defined files (SCL files) Importance of the System Integrator (integration of third party) - Impact on testing: Testing facilities
Reference: CIGRE Brochure 326 Introduction of IEC 61850 and its impact on Protection and Automation within Substations
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Impact on testing: Testing facilities

The System Integrator
System Design Engineer System System Configuration Configuration Tool Tool .SCD Configure Testing Environment Station HMI Engineer SCL SCL

Validate & Generate

SA Testing & Commissioning Engineer Testing Tools Tools Testing

Configure SA System

An al yz e

Co

Station Computer

Simulate

mp are

se ow Br

Client

Inter Bay Bus

IED IED Configuration Tool IED Configuration Tool

IED

IED

IED

MultipleIEDs

Process Bus Process Interface Control & Protection Engineer Process Interface

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Impact on testing: Testing facilities

Example: Test your IED without a SCADA System available.
Get a quick indication whether an IED is configured Connect any IEC 61850 IED Send commands with SCADA like command dialogs Receive & display reports in process event list Trace communication
Testing & Commissioning Engineer

Use Case Explore Ethernet Standalone IED testing

Inter Bay Bus

Explore Ethernet

Explore IEDs

IED
Process Bus

IED

IED

IED

Process Interface

Process Interface

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Process bus
Information exchange between the substation system (bay level) with the HV equipment: - Voltage and current samples IEC 61850-9-2 LE (80 s/cycles= 4 kHz) - Switch position - Commands
Control Center HMI, Station controller Router

Bay Controller

Relay X1

Relay X2

Bay Controller

Relay X1

Relay X2

Merging unit: Conv. CT/VT: conversion Bundling of samples (bay), f, synch.

Switchgear CT/VT

Switchgear

CT/VT

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Process bus
IEDs with LN instances without/with Process Bus
PDIS PDIS PDIS Protection IED PTOC PDIS PDIS PDIS Protection IED PTOC

PTRC

PTRC

TVTR

TCTR

XCBR Merging Unit IED

with Process Bus

hardwired

TVTR

TCTR

XCBR

Breaker IED

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Process bus
Samples as values in SI units (SV) Logical Device Merging Unit LN PCTR LN PCTR LN TVTR LN PCTR LN PCTR LN TCTR
The Samples acc. to IEC 61850 Are independent from the instrument Transformer/Sensor Technology !!! 8 Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008
th

TRIP (GOOSE) Protection Device Logical Device Breaker IED LN PCTR LN PCTR LN XCBR Logical Device Breaker IED LN PCTR LN PCTR LN XCBR Process bus

Independency from sensor technology

Process bus
Phase T Protection Merging Unit Phase S Protection system X Control & Protection devices

Phase R

Protection system Y

CIGRE Paris 2008: Business advantages due to the CT/VT economy

IEC 61850-9-2

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Process bus
Ethernet ring Bay

Protection 1

Protection 2

Control

Combined Merging Unit NICT* (U,I) MU (U,I)

Breaker Circuit br. IED IED

The process bus shall not jeopardize the requested independency of Main 1 and Main 2 !

Primary technology

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Conventional and Non-Conventional ITs

Conventional Instrument Transformers (CIT) are based on the transformer principle delivering analog currents as 1 A or 5 A and analog voltages as 110 V or 220 V. The capacitive voltage divider may also seen as CIT since they deliver voltage signals in the same order. Non Conventional Instrument Transformers (NCIT) are based on non-transformer principles i.e. on electro-optical effects, and the resulting voltage and current signals depending on the physical principle. The Rogowksi coil may also seen as NCIT since it delivers not I but dI/dt. The derived voltages and currents are preferable delivered as serial telegrams (IEC 61850-9-2).

Serial connection of NCITs and CITs

For the variety of the measuring principles of NCITs a serial fiber optic link according to IEC 61950-9-2 is necessary as common denominator for all these principles.

For CITs a serial fiber optic link according to IEC 61950-9-2 is beneficial because of reduction of cabling complete galvanic decoupling enabling new applications (future paper)

Merging Units

Interface between any proprietary serial or non-conventional hard-wired link for analog values and IEC 61850 is the so-called Merging Unit (MU) typically used for NCITs. Interface between conventional, hardwired CITs is the so-called Stand-Alone Merging Unit (SAMU). The Merging Units deliver current and voltage as samples according to IEC 61850-9-2

Migration from CIT to NCIT Migration from CITs to NCITs requires the exchange of IEDs with conventional (analog) inputs by IEDs with non-conventional (serial) inputs IED : Intelligent Electronic Device In the examples IEDs are protection relays as transformer protection or line protection

Different stages of protection IEDs

Mixed Mode with SAMU Legacy Protection IED

Pxxx

Full process bus Protection IED

Pxxx

Pxxx

SAMU
A/D A/D

MU
3I, 3U Pxxx

3I, 3U 3I, 3U
Mixed Mode in Protection IED

MU

MU

A/D IEC 61850-9-2

MU

3I, 3U

Transformer differential protection with mixed mode

NCIT specific interface (Cu or fibers) CIT specific interface (conventional Cu wires) IEC 61850-9-2 NCIT

HV

HV

MU Protection Protection SAMU

MV

MV

Transf. diff. protection with mixed and full PB mode

NCIT specific interface (Cu or fibers) CIT specific interface (conventional Cu wires) IEC 61850-9-2 NCIT

HV

HV

MU Protection SAMU

MU Protection MU

MV

MV

Communication between substations

Principle: IEC 61850 (GOOSE, SV, etc.) in / IEC 61850 (GOOSE, SV) out Communication equipment: - Has to guarantee performance and data integrity - Has to support priorities, to provide quality attributes and health info. (IEC 61850-90-1 draft)
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Communication between substations

Substation A Substation B

IEC 61850

WAN transparent for IEC 61850 messages

P

IEC 61850

Line Protection

Line Protection

Line Bay

Line Bay

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Communication outside the substation

Network Control Center

Frontend

IEC 61850
WAN transparent for IEC 61850 messages IEC 61850

Substation Automation System

Gateway Router

IEC 61850

Bay 1

Bay 2

Bay 3

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Conclusions - Philosophy and spirit of IEC 61850 not only inside the Substation:
Use of the IEC 61850 concept (Logical nodes) in other domain

- Advantages: Better understanding (data model) Engineering and testing facilities (SCL) Openess for future extensions Openess for process bus:
Fully use of the advantages given by the new technology

- Importance of the system integrator

taking the responsability (integration of third party)
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Conclusions
IED Simulation (Tool) Simulation (Tool) Maintenance (Tool) System Integration/ Engineering (Tool) Switchyard Single Line Functions allocated Specification

F ICD

IED IED

SCD
SA T FA T

en an ce

File

SS D

Fil e

Upgrade (Tool) Test (Tool) Test (Tool) Ref.: PACWORLD Winter 2008 Brand

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat, November 9-12, 2008

Ma in t

iles

System Refurbishment (Tool)