Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
FUSE
NOT USED IN A TRANSMISSION NETWORK AS IT WOULD FAIL TO INTERRUPT.
CIRCUIT BREAKER
A circuit breaker is defined as a mechanical device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specific time and breaking currents under specific abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit. The circuit breaker serves two basic purposes
Switching during normal operating conditions for the purpose of operation and maintenance. Switching during abnormal conditions such as short circuit and interrupting fault currents
Power plant
Transformer
Switch Yards
Transmission line
Switch Yard
Transformer
Based on location
Indoor Outdoor
ACB AIR ABCB BOCB OIL MOCB DOUBLE PRESSURE SF6 SINGLE PRESSURE VACUUM
BOCB
MOCB
Closed Position
Opening Position
Open Position
VACUUM
Pneumatic mechanism
1. No compressor is required Hydraulic pump is Compressor is required, which needs routine No compressor is required Hence no associated maintenance free and directly coupled to motor. maintenance (at least once a year). Compressors are maintenance problems. normally coupled to motor by belt, which is a weak link. Also intake air filters of compressors require frequent change (Every Six months in polluted atmosphere) 2. All parts permanently immersed in oil - No scope for All parts exposed to atmosphere. In addition, All parts exposed to atmosphere Heaters provided internal corrosion or rusting. atmospheric air is compressed and released to prevent condensation of moisture on parts of during closing / opening operation. During mechanism expansion, traces of moisture present in air inspite of purification / drying of air, condense on metal parts of the mechanism causing corrosion and rusting. 3. Minimal piping Oil flow is through ducts in valve Piping is involved - Scope for leakage. block assembly No scope for external leakage Internal leakage, if any, would only cause more frequent operation of motor at worst. No piping - No leakage.
4. No mechanical latches. Latches are to be checked for disturbances in settings Latches are to be checked for disturbances in settings The differential piston principle used clearly defines after specified no. of operations after specified no. of operations. the switching condition and ensures that this is maintained should there be a fall in pressure and that "creeping" trip out is prevented. 5. Small in size, compact and robust construction. Complex construction with many components Simple in design and construction. Less components Reliability very high. and moving parts - Reliability very low. and moving parts, hence reliable. 6. Two Close-Open operations are possible after failure One Open-Close-Open or Close-Open-Close One Open-Close-Open operation is possible after of supply to motor. operation is possible after failure of supply to motor. failure of supply to the motor.
7 No additional damping system The damping required Additional damping system is required which is to be Additional damping system is required which is to be for both closing and opening is provided by the routinely checked and maintained. routinely checked and maintained. hydraulics of the operating mechanism. 8 No inter-posing mechanism. The piston system Inter-posing mechanism with linkages is required for Inter-posing mechanism with linkages is required for transmits the operating energy direct to the operating transmission of operating energy to the moving transmission of operating energy to the moving rod. contact system. contact system. 9 Low noise level High noise level Low noise level
High voltage tests Mechanical and environmental tests Temperature rise test
Routine tests
Mechanical operations test Measurement of contact resistance Voltage withstand test on control circuit Power frequency withstand test on main circuit High pressure test on Hydraulic mechanism SF6 gas tightness test Pump charging time for operations Leak testing hydraulic mechanism N2 leak test on accumulator
Compact switchgear
Explosion proof
Light weight
Single piece of any length No L/D constraint Higher creapage can be achieved
Comparatively costly
No of joints can be reduced