ACRYLIC

Click to edit Master subtitle style ~DENTURE BASE POLYMER~

5/27/12

REQUIREMENTS OF DENTURE BASE POLYMER

Superior aesthetics

Glass transition/softening temperature higher than mouth and foods. Dimensional stability:

affected by glass transition temperature, water absorption and polymerization shrinkage of base material

Light in weight
5/27/12 Thermal conductor

Rigid

to withstand masticatory load and be made in thin section

Flexural strength and Long fatigue life

upper denture can fracture at mid-palate due to fatigue

Good Impact Strength Hardness/Good Abrasion Resistance against food and denture cleansers
5/27/12

OPTIONS FOR DENTURE BASE :

1- Acrylic Resin/Polymers 2- Metal alloys: NiCr , Stainless Steel

CLASSIFICATION OF ACRYLIC DESCRIPTION DENTURE BASE TYPE CLASS POLYMERS Heat-processing polymers, powder and 1 1
liquid

11

11 1 11

Heat- processed (plastic cake) Auto-polymerized Polymers, powder and liquid Auto-polymerized Polymers (powder and liquid) pourable resins Thermoplastic Blank or Powder Light-activated Materials Microwave-cured Materials
5/27/12

111 1V V

COMPOSITION OF ACRYLIC

POWDER Polymer: Initiator : Polymethylmethacrylate beads Peroxide Iron or Cadmium salts or Organic

Pigments: dyes

LIQUID MONOMER Monomer: Methylmethacrylate beads

Cross-linking agent: Ehyleneglycol dimethacrylate Inhibitor : Activator : [selfcure/ cold cure]

5/27/12

Hydroquinone Dimethyl-p-toluidine/tertiary amine

Powder to liquid ratio : 2.5:1 by weight shrinkage : 5-6%

MANIPULATION OF HEAT CURED ACRYLIC

Volumetric A

very high P:L can decrease flow of acrylic when packed into gypsum mould is added slowly into liquid and stirred mixture is covered with a lid to avoid loss of monomer and allowed to turn into dough Stages of Acrylic as consistency increases Sandy : immediately after mixing Stringy Sticky
5/27/12

Powder The

Packing of dough into mould the flask in Bench Press for dough to flow and avoid any contraction porosity the flask of heat cure acrylic in hot water

Place

Clamp Curing

bath

Cooling of flasks to room temperature should be slow to avoid warpage

5/27/12

PROPERTIES OF ACRYLIC
Aesthetics

Tg

: 90-105 C :soaking dentures in water above 65 C must be avoided in weight

Light

Radioluscent
5/27/12

 Weak

,flexible and poor impact strength leading to increase risk of fracture and crack Fractures/Cracks are avoided by 1- increasing thickness of base 2- rounding off the notches for freni

Crazing

Surface cracks due to 1 constant cycle of water absorption and dryness hence dentures should be kept moist at all times 2- use of porcelain teeth 5/27/12

 Water

absorption

This may cause an insignificant dimensional change and also allow microorganisms to colonize (denture stomatitis)

Allergy

Residual Monomer may precipitate an allergic reaction in some patients Reduced monomer content depends on type of curing cycle
Denture

whitening/ bleaching by some

5/27/12

Resistance

to abrasion is low

Dentrifice cleansers with low abrasivity should be used.

5/27/12

DESIRABLE QUALITIES OF ACRYLIC

Good Easy

aesthetics to use

MMA monomer:

Cheap

Volatile Flammable Irritant for the skin or the mucosa.

Precautions: Kept in a sealed and dark container away from light source or heat source or flame No contact should be allowed with the polymer beads (carry benzoyl peroxide 5/27/12 initiator)

MODIFIED ACRYLIC
Addition

of Elastomer:

increases impact strength

Addition

of Carbon fibres: increase flexural and fatigue strength

Radio-opaque

additives: Metal inserts, inorganic salts (BaSO4) or

5/27/12 co-monomers (Barium Acrylate)

ALTERNATIVE POLYMERS
Polycarbonates Indications:

and Vinyl Polymers

1- Allergy to acrylic resin 2- Need for high impact strength

5/27/12

POROSITIES IN SET MATERIAL

GRANULAR CONTRACTION GASEOUS

Affect strength and aesthetics of denture

Granular Porosities Granular or blotchy opaque surface due to a high P:L or loss of monomer while it reaches doughy stage
5/27/12